Social Conflict and Disaster

Management in Indonesia
Sugma AP,MD,MARS

Disaster History

Supermarket of Disaster

Earth
quake

Tsunami
flood

landslide volcanic drought

Conflict
eruption
Forest fire
Hurricane

Disaster and Emergency Mapping (V. Nath, WHO)

NAD
2,3,4,5,6,7,13
,14

W. Kalimantan
1,3,8,4,6,10,9,5,11,
13,14

C. Kalimantan
6.10,8,9,3,11,7,
14

S. Kalimantan
3,10,5,13,14

E. Kalimantan
3,10, 8,9,5,14

Gorontalo
3,14

N. Sulawesi
1,3,8,2,4,11,13,14
C. Sulawesi
2,3,6,9,7,13,14

N. Sumatra
3,4,7,14
W Sumatra
1,2,
3,4,8,11,14
Bangka
Belitung
3,14
S. Sumatra
3,4,14

S. Sulawesi
3,4,6,7,13,14
S.E Sulawesi
3,6,14
N.Maluku
2,4,6,7,9,13,14

Riau
3,5,7,8,14

Papua
2,3,4,6,7,9,11,1
3,14

Kep Riau
14

3
Lampung
2,3,14

Maluku
2,3,6,7,9,11,13,
14

Bengkulu
2,4,14

NTT
1,3,6,9,11,2,13,
4,5,14

Jambi
3,14
Banten
2,3,5,12,14

Jakarta
3,4,6,7,9, 14

W, Java
2,3,4,5,6,7,11,
14

C. Java
1,2,3,4,5,9,11,
12,14

Jogyakarta
1,2,11,14

E. java
1,2, 3,5,6,7,9
,11,12,13,14,

Bali
2,3,4,6,7,9,14

NTB
3,6,2,9,4,5,11,7,1
4

Type of Emergency and Disaster

1.
2.
3.
4.

Volcano
Earthquake
Flood
Landslide

5. Hurricane
6. Conflict
7. Terrorism
8. Environment Pollution

9. Disease outbreak
10. storm
11. Drought
12. Industrial Accident

13. Tsunami
14. Transportation
Accident

Type of Disaster
Natural made disaster.
Man made disaster.
Mixed disaster.

Floods

Diarrhea, acute respiratory

syndrome, and skin disease
are common.

Big city such as Jakarta.

Lack of water drainage.
Bad human habits.
Heavy rain.

Earthquake
Natural made.
the worst earthquake in
Yogyakarta and Bukittinggi.
it causes many damages,
trauma and injury.

Lapindo Mud

Natural triggered by man

made disaster.
It causes exodus and conflict.
Disease emerges at the
evacuation place.

Lapindo Mud

 Local inhabitants demonstration.

They sued the government and
Lapindo company for their financial
loss.

Tsunami
Natural made disaster.
The worst tsunami is in Aceh at
2004.
It causes many damages, injury,
trauma and deaths.

Tsunami

After

Before

Volcanic Eruption
Indonesia has so many volcanic mountains.
They have exploded several time since many
years ago.
It causes exodus and psychological trauma.
The particles can cause respiratory disease.
The other diseases emerge at the evacuation
place.

Conflict

So many differences mean so many conflict risks.

Man made disaster.
It often takes place at the big city such as Jakarta.
It causes psychological and physical trauma, injury and damages.

National Strategy
The launch of Disaster Management Act No.
24/2007.
The forming of National Coordination Agency for
Disaster. It is arranged from the highest level
(national) to the lowest level (sub-district).
Empowering every element of community in
disaster management activities (such as
training, dissemination of information, charity).
Allocating money for disaster preparedness from
national income.

Bakornas (National Coordination

Agency)
Based on Keppres No. 3, 2001

National level

Bakornas PBP
Leader: President

Province level

Satkorlak PBP
Leader: Governor

District level

Sub district level

Satlak PBP
Leader: Bupati

Satgas PBP
Leader: Camat/Kades

National Coordination Agency

Head of Telecommunication
(PR, radio, public
communication)

Head of Security

Head of Heath
and prosperity

Head of Need and

Damage Assessment
Head of Policy Making
(Legislative and Executive
Representative)

Head of
Transportation

Etc

Communication Path on Disaster in

Indonesia

Bakornas Ministry Member

Meteorology
and Geophysics
Center

Leader of Army
National level
Board of National Coordination Agency

Disaster Management
Unit
Implementer Unit

SAR Agency
Province level
Functional Unit of Disaster Coordination

Governor

PMK
Flood
District level
Disaster Implementer Unit
Volcanology
Center

Sub district level

Local leader

Bupati

Kades/Camat

Emergency Response

Military first!
SAR team and other well-trained group.
Rescue and evacuate the victims.
Rapid assessment.

Skills and knowledges are needed:

Basic Life Support.
Advanced Cardiac
Life Support.
Advanced Trauma
Life Support.

Disaster
management.
Disaster
epidemiology.
Survival training.
Etc.

Disaster Related Diseases

Floods
Earthquake
Volcano eruption
Tsunami

Diarrhea and skin

disease.
Fracture and injury.
Diarrhea, burn injury,
mental disorder.
Deaths, fracture,
injury.

Transportation

Recovery
Evacuation place.
Water, food and health service.
Security.
Field hospital.

Temporary housing

Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

Rebuild the housing.
Rebuild the infrastructure system.
Mental and social rehabilitation.

Empowering the Local Community

Donation management.
The use of local community
surrounding the disaster place.
The GO and NGOs role.

Disaster Preparedness
Search and rescue training

Evacuation training for v

Disaster Preparedness
Disaster management training for
local Health official.
Disaster and emergency training for
health worker.

Disaster Management Workshop for Health

Official at District Level in NAD

In class
lecturing

Outside activities

Vulnerability assessment

GIS

Our Blessed Mosque

Rebuild

Local Organization
Indonesia Red Cross (GO).
Indonesia Red Crescent (NGO).
Integrated Crisis Tackling Center (Health
Department).
Indonesia Disaster Care Community (NGO).
Health Research Center for Crisis & Disaster
(FPH-UI).
Disaster Quick Response Act (NGO).
Etc.

University Student Activity

Community dedication

Mass treatment