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Todays Agenda
Conclusions
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Timeline of wave
impact:
1. Dam failure March 12th
1928 @ 11.57pm
2. 12:02 Powerhouse #2
3. 12.40 Saugus
Substation
4. 1:18 Edison Camp
5. 2:25 Fillmore Bridge
6. 3.05 Santa Paula
Bridge
7. 4.05 Saticoy Bridge
8. 5:25 Pacific Ocean
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At the Core:
A Transient Full 3D Free Surface Modeler
FLOW-3D s Volume of Fluid method yields a fast,
accurate and robust code that captures fully threedimensional complex free surfaces.
Flow Science invented the Volume of Fluid method
over 30 years ago and still develops its most
sophisticated version called TruVOF.
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Simple Cases
FLOW-3Ds Shallow Water Model
vs
FLOW-3Ds full Navier Stokes 3D solution.
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12
12
10
10
2
0
0
0
50
100
3D solution
150
200
Shallow Water
250
300
50
100
3D solution
150
200
250
300
Shallow Water
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(after obstacle)
12
12
10
8
2
0
0
0
50
100
3D solution
150
200
Shallow Water
250
300
50
100
150
3D solution
200
250
300
Shallow Water
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Todays Agenda
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
Domain is ~ 80km x 50km
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
Domain is ~ 80km x 50km
Pacific Ocean
FLOW-3D - Modeling Dam Breaches
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12th 1928)
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12th 1928)
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12th 1928)
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Overlay of FLOW-3D Shallow Water Solution over Charles Lee Map (circa 1928, caution!)
FLOW-3D - Modeling Dam Breaches
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5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Water depth (meters)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30m cells
60m cells
120m cells
Observed E
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30.0
25.0
Water depth (meters)
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
Time (seconds)
Dam
Station A
Station B
Station C
Station D
Station E
Station F
Station G
Observed A
Observed B
Observed C
Observed D
Observed E
Observed F
Observed G
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600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
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50
3D solution t = 600s
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3D solution t = 600s
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12th 1928)
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
Hydrograph at Station E for Shallow Water Model using fixed Cd = 0.026
Grid / Mesh Size Convergence Study
(With Additional Data: Hybrid (60m) Model 3D (6m) / Shallow Water)
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Water depth (meters)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30m cells
60m cells
120m cells
Observed E
Hybrid
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St Francis Dam
(catastrophic failure March 12 th 1928)
Hydrograph at Station B
Shallow Water 30m / 3D Hybrid 5m x 40m
Hydrograph at Station A
Shallow Water 30m / 3D Hybrid 5m x 40m
30
25
20
15
10
0
0
SW 30
0
1,600 1,800 2,000 2,200 2,400 2,600 2,800 3,000 3,200 3,400 3,600
SW 30
5 40
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Conclusions
FLOW-3Ds shallow water model does very well on capturing hydraulic jumps
and wave reflections.
Caution! For the detail of spillways, weirs, energy dissipaters, penstocks etc
there are no good shortcuts, highly resolved 3D models are a must!
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Thank you!
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