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Lecture # 15
Properties of Black Oils
Definitions
(pages 224-240)
Phase Diagram of a
Black Oil Reservoir
Initial Reservoir
Conditions
P re s s u re
Path of Production
75%
CP
50%
25%
Separator Conditions
Temperature
for
Learning Goals
Understand the behavior of those PVT
properties (Bo,Rs,) vs P and type of
fluid (now)
Evaluate PVT properties from (later)
Field data
Laboratory studies
Correlations
Definitions
Specific gravity of a liquid
o ( P1 , T1 )
o
w ( P1 , T1 )
API gravity
o
141.5
API
135
o
Definitions
Formation Volume Factor of Oil
Surface (Ps,Ts)
Gas out of
Solution
Reservoir (P,T)
Definitions
Volume of Oil + Dissolved gas
Bo = at Reservoir Pressure & Temp.
Volume of Oil entering Stock
tank at Tsc, Psc
General Shape of Bo
Reservoir T = constant
Bo
Pb
Reservoir Pressure
Pb
Reservoir Pressure
Bob
Gas
Oil
Hg
Bg(Rsb-Rs)
Bo
Definition of Bt
Also called Two-phase formation
volume factor
Bt Bo Bg Rsb Rs
Units
bbl/STB + bbl/SCF * (SCF/STB)
General Shape of Bt
Reservoir T = constant
Bo, Bt
Bt
Bt=Bo
Bo
Pb
Reservoir Pressure
Standard
Conditions
Rv =
Separator gas
Separator gas
Separator gas
Bg =
STB
gas
P4
P3
gas
gas
oil
oil
Reservoir
P2
P1
oil
oil
STB
Standard
Conditions
Separator gas
Separator gas
Decreasing Pressure
oil
Bo=
STB
Rs=
STB
1
Co PA , TA
V
V
P
TA
Coefficient of Thermal
Expansion
Oil Viscosity
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance
to flow exerted by a fluid
This is called dynamic viscosity and has
units of
centipoise = g mass / 100 sec cm
Separation and
Storage Facilities
HC Gas
Injection
from Pipeline
or Recycle
Injection
Well
1 Oil Zone
Production Well
Oil Bank /
2 Miscible Front
Oil Viscosity
T = constant
Gas Out of
Solution