Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OF HEALTH BEHAVIOUR
Phase 5
Phase 4
Administrative and Educational and
Policy diagnosis
Organizational
diagnosis
Phase 3
Phase 2
Phase
Behavioral and
Epidemiological1
Environmentaldiagnosis
Social
diagnosis
diagnosi
s
Predisposing
Predisposing
Factor
Factor
HEALTH
HEALTH
PROMOTION
PROMOTION
Health
Health
Education
Education
Policy
Policy
Regulation
Regulation
organization
organization
Reinforcing
Reinforcing
Factor
Factor
Behaviour
Behaviour
And
And
Lifestyle
Lifestyle
Health
Health
Enabling
Enabling
Factor
Factor
Quality
Quality
Of
Of life
life
Environment
Environment
Phase 6 Implementation
Phase 7 ProcessPhase 8 Impact
Phase 9 Outcome
Behaviour
Behaviour
Health
Health
Environment
Environment
Behavioral
Environmental
Indicators :
Indicators :
-Compliance
-Economic
-Consumption pattern
-Physical
-Coping
-Services
-Preventive action -Social
-Self-care
-Utilization
Dimensions :
-Access
Dimensions:
-Affordability
-Frequency
-Equity
-Persistence
-Promptness
-Quality
-Range
Quality
Quality of
of
life
life
Vital Indicators :
-Disability
-Discomfort
-Fertility
-Fitness
-Morbidity
-Mortality
-Physiological risk
factors
Dimensions :
-Distribution
-Duration
-Functional level
-Incidence
-Intensity
-Longevity
-Prevalence
Social
indicators
-Absenteeism
-Achievement
-Aesthetics
-Alienation
-Comfort
-Crime
-Crowding
Discrimination
-Happiness
-Hostility
-Illigitimacy
-Performance
-Riots
-Self-esteem
-Unemployme
Direct
Communicati
on
To public,
Patients,
Employees,
etc
Health
education
Component
of health
Promotion
program
Policy
Regulation
organization
Indirect
Communicat.
Through staff
Training,
Supervision,
Consultation
feedback
Predisposing
Predisposing
Factors:
Factors:
-Knowledge
-Knowledge
-Attitudes
-Attitudes
-Beliefs
-Beliefs
-Values
-Values
-Perception
-Perception
Reinforcing
Factors:
-Attitudes and
behavior of
health
personnel
and other,
peers,
parents,employ
Enabling
ers,
factors:
etc
-Availability
Training
Community
organization
of
resources
-Accessibility
-Referrals
-rules and
laws
Behavior
Behavior
(Actions)
(Actions)
of
of
individuals
individuals
,,
groups,
groups, or
or
communiti
communiti
es
es
Environmental
Environmental
factors
factors
Precede = Pendahulu
P = Predisposing
R = Reinforcing
E = Enabling
C = Constructs in
E = Educational
Environmental
D = Diagnosis
E = Evaluation
Precede :
Menjamin sebuah program yang akan dilaksanakan sesuai
dengan kebutuhan dan Keinginan individu/masyarakat
Proceed :
Menjamin program yang akan dijalankan akan :
-tersedia sumber dayanya
-Mudah diakses/dicapai
-Dapat diterima secara politik dan peraturan yang ada
-Dapat dievaluasi oleh policy makers, consumers, dan
administrators
THE
THE THEORY
THEORY OF
OF REASONED
REASONED ACTION
ACTION
Believe
Believe about
about
outcomes
outcomes
Evaluation
Evaluation of
of
these
these outcomes
outcomes
Believe
Believe about
about
important
important others
others
Attitudes
Attitudes to
to the
the
Behaviour
Behaviour
Motivation
Motivation to
to comply
comply
with
with important
important others
others
Attitudes
Attitudes towards
towards
The
The behaviour
behaviour
Important
Important
norms
norms
Subjective
Subjective
Norms
Norms
Behaviour
Behaviour
Intention
Intention
Behaviour
Behaviour
THE
THE THEORY
THEORY OF
OF PLANNED
PLANNED BEHAVIOUR
BEHAVIOUR
Believe
Believe about
about
outcomes
outcomes
Evaluation
Evaluation of
of
these
these outcomes
outcomes
Attitudes
Attitudes towards
towards
The
The behaviour
behaviour
Believe
Believe about
about
important
important others
others
Attitudes
Attitudes to
to the
the
Behaviour
Behaviour
Motivation
Motivation to
to comply
comply
with
with important
important others
others
Internal
Internal control
control factors
factors
Behaviour
Behaviour
Intention
Intention
Subjective
Subjective
Norms
Norms
Behavioural
Behavioural
External
control
External control
control factors
factors control
Behaviour
Behaviour
a
ct
pe
ex
Se
lfef
ca
cy
e
om
tc
Ou
n
tio
PERILAKU
PERILAKU
LINGKUNGAN
LINGKUNGAN
Reinforcement
social
learning
(pembelajaran sosial)
Perilaku peniruan (imitative behavior) terjadi karena
kita merasa mendapat imbalan bila meniru perilaku
orang lain dan mendapat hukuman ketika kita tidak
menirunya
1959, 1963, Albert Bandura & Richart Walters
Kita
belajar
dengan
observational
learning,
pembelajaran melalui pengamatan. Misal : perilaku
agresif anak setelah mengamati perilaku agresif
dalam film kartun
1971, Bandura
Teori pembelajaran sosial tidak hanya menggunakan
pendekatan perilaku, namun perlu pertimbangan
proses mental
Menurut Bandura
Social Learning Theory
1.Bagaimana kita dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan
melalui
penguatan
(reinforcement)
dan
observational learning
2.Cara pandang & cara pikir yang kita miliki
terhadap informasi
3.Sebaliknya,
perilaku
kita
mempengaruhi
lingkungan kita dan menciptakan penguatan
(reinforcement) dan observational opportunity,
peluang bisa diamati oleh orang lain
orang
lain
Proses modelling :
Se
lf
Ef
e
om on
tc ati
Ou ct
pe
ex
ca
cy
Person / Individu
Perilaku
Reinforceme
nt
Lingkungan
Person / Individu
- Pengetahuan
- Sikap
- Persepsi
- Niat
am
k
pa
m g n
Da an pka
y
ra
ha
di
m
Ke
ri
di
T
R ing
en gi
da
h
an
pu
Perilaku / action /
tindakan
Penguatan
Positif
Negatif
Lingkungan
- Teman
- Keluarga
- Tetangga
(lebih pada norma
group)
Cues to action
Susceptibility
Demographic
Variable
Severity
Benefits
Costs
Likelihood of
Behaviour
Susceptibility
Susceptibility to
to illness
illness
(( My
My chances
chances of
of getting
getting lung
lung cancer
cancer are
are high)
high)
The
The severity
severity of
of the
the illness
illness
(( Lung
Lung cancer
cancer is
is a
a serious
serious illness)
illness)
The
The cost
cost involved
involved in
in carrying
carrying out
out the
the behaviour
behaviour
(( Stopping
Stopping smoking
smoking will
will make
make me
me irritable)
irritable)
The
The benefits
benefits involved
involved
(Stopping
(Stopping smoking
smoking will
will save
save me
me money)
money)
Cues
Cues to
to action
action
Internal
Internal (( The
The symptom
symptom of
of breathlessness)
breathlessness)
External
External (( Information
Information from
from leaflet)
leaflet)