Turboprop Engines

Propulsion Devices (Engines)

Air-Breathing
Use atmospheric air
(+ some fuel) as
main propellant

Rockets
Carry entire propellant
(liquid/solid fuel + oxygen)

Piston, Gas Turbine and Ramjet

Engines

Gas Turbine Engines (most aircraft jet engines):

Use high-temperature gases to power a propeller or produce
direct thrust by expanding and accelerating the exhaust gases
through a nozzle.
Three main types: Turboprop , Turbofan and Turbojet

Jet-engine.ppt, 10-7-01

Jet Engines Basic Operation

Air enters the trough the intake duct (cowl).
Air compressed by passage through the compressor.
Mixed with fuel in the combustion chamber.
Fuel is ignited, Pressure and Temperature raised
Some of the pressure used to turn a turbine;
Turbine shaft drives the compressor.
Hot, high pressure air forced through a nozzle.
The reaction force is the engine thrust.

Schematic of a Turboprop engine

Turboprop

20 to 25% of Thrust produced by Nozzle

75 to 80% of Thrust produced by Propeller
Operating Mach No: 0.4 to 0.65
Subsonic Aircraft (0.1 to 0.8)

Examples
Super Hercules C-130J
Engine: 4 Rolls-Royce AE 2100D3

turboprop, 3,458 kW each

Propellers: Dowty R391 6-blade composite
propeller, 1 per engine
Maximum speed: 362 knots (417 mph, 671
km/h)
Service ceiling: 28,000 ft (8,615 m) with
19,090 kilograms payload

Turbofan

20 to 40% of Thrust produced by Nozzle

60 to 80% of Thrust produced by Fan
Operating Mach No: 0.4 to 0.8
High Subsonic Aircraft (0.3 to 0.8)

Examples
Airbus A380

Boeing 777

Turbojet

Chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy

100% Thrust produced by Nozzle
Operating Mach No: 1 to 2
Supersonic Aircraft (1 to 5)

Examples
Sukhoi-Su30MKI

Engine: 2 Lyulka AL-31FP turbofans with

thrust vectoring, 123 kN
Maximum speed :Mach 1.9 (2,100km/h or
1,300mph)
Service ceiling: 17,300 m (56,800 ft)
Max. takeoff weight: 38,800 kg

LCA Tejas Mark-II

Engine :1 F404-GE-IN20 turbofan thrust
89.8 kN
Maximum speed : Mach 1.6 (1,350km/h)
Service ceiling: 15,240m or (50,000 ft)
Max. takeoff weight: 13,200 kg

 A Turboprop engine differs from a turbofan and turbojet

as it produces the thrust required for the aircraft by
using a propeller rather than the exhaust gases of the
turbine itself.
The exhaust gases itself cannot provide enough thrust
for the aircraft as most of the power is directed towards
the propeller.
The propeller is coupled to the turbine through
areduction gearthat converts the highRPM,
lowtorqueoutput to low RPM, high torque.
Turboprop engines are mostly used in subsonic aircrafts
and work most efficiently at speeds under 450 mph
(390 knots)
They are mostly used when there is a requirement of a

Turboprop engines usually contain at least one stage ofcentrifugal

compression. Centrifugal compressors have the advantage of being
simple and lightweight, at the expense of a streamlined shape.

Advantages of Turboprop
engines

Greater power and reliability compared to reciprocating engines.

Turboprop airliners operate at near the same speed as smallturbofan-powered aircraft but burn two-thirds of the fuel per
passenger.

It can use shorter runways for take off and landing

Disadvantages of Turboprop engines

Compared to aturbojet(which can fly at high altitude for enhanced speed and fuel efficiency) a propeller aircraft has a
much lower ceiling.

Lower thrust-to-weight ratio when compared to a Turbojet engine.

Thank
You