LATHE OPERATION

Sumariyanto: 2007

BASIC TEORY OF LATHE OPERATION

LEARNING ACTIVITIES

After following this study, student must be able to:

1.Prepare lathe equipments
2.Set lathe equipment according to procedure
3.Use lathe equipment according to procedure
4.Understand the lathe operation according to procedure
5.Calculate the cutting speed mathematically
6.Calculate speed of machine rotation mathematically
7.Set the feed rate according to procedure
8.Lathe operation according to procedure

PARTS OF LATHE

Franklin W Olin: 2005

LATHE OPERATION
Basic Theory of Lathe Operation

Turning principle is to make the circular object with the

certain diameter by cutting.

LATHE OPERATION

LATHE OPERATION

1. Turning
: to produce straight, conical, curved, or grooved
work pieces
2. Facing
: to produce a flat surface at the end of the part or for
making face grooves.
3. Boring
: to enlarge a hole or cylindrical cavity made by a
previous process or to produce circular internal
grooves.
4. Drilling
: to make a hole by fixing a drill in the tailstock
5. Threading
: to make external or internal threads
6. Knurling
: to make a regularly shaped roughness on
cylindrical surfaces

WORK HOLDING

KINDS AND FUNCTION OF CHUCK

- For holding cylindrical stock centered.

- For facing/center drilling

Three Jaw Chuck

This is independent chuck ; generally

has four jaws , adjusted individually on
the chuck faced by means of adjusting
screws
Four Jaw Chuck

Sumariyanto. 2007

KINDS AND FUNCTION OF CHUCK

Collet chuck is used to

hold small workpieces

Collet Chuck

Thin jobs can be held by

means of magnetic chucks.

Magnetic Chuck
www. engbasics.com www. efunda.com

PREPARE LATHE EQUIPMENTS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Lathe
A set of chuck
A set of tools post
Cutting tool
Measuring tools
Inspection equipment work piece

SETTING LATHE EQUIPMENTS

Procedure Opening Chuck

SETTING LATHE EQUIPMENTS

Procedure Installing Chuck

INSTALL THE WORK PIECE AT CHUCK

Nipping Work Piece at External DiameterNipping Work Piece at Inside Diameter

USING EQUIPMENT ACCORDING TO

PROCEDURE
Installing The Work Piece At Chuck

CHECKING THE PLAIN OF WORK PEACE

Checking Plain with the Scribel Control

Controlling Plain by Dial Indicator

HOLDING WORK PIECE (VIDEO)

www.youtube.com

CHECKING THE PLAIN OF DRILL (VIDEO)

www.youtube.com

INSTALLING AND CHECKING CUTTING TOOLS

Too High.

Too Low

As High As Center

DETERMINE OF FEEDING PARAMETER

Cutting Speed (Vc/Cs)

Vc
: Cutting speed (M/minute)
n
: Axis rotation speed (RPM)
D
: Diameter (mm)
1/1000 :1 mm = 1/1000 m

CUTTING SPEED

Tables of Cutting Speed For a Few Material Type

Materials
Tool Steel
Low Carbon Steel
Medium Carbon Steel
Cost Iron
Brass
Alumunium

HSS
Fine
75 100
70 90
60 85
40 45
85 - 110
70 110

Coarse
25 45
25 40
20 40
25 30
45 70
30 45

Carbide
Fine
Coarse
185 230 110 140
170 215 90 120
140 185 75 110
110 140 60 75
185 215 120 150
140 215 60 90

SPEED OF MACHINE ROTATION

example:
If we will fit the work piece from material of alumunium diameter 40
mm with the HSS. Calculate main axis rotation speed!
Answer:
Cutting speed of visible aluminum at table 4.1 for example we take
30 m/ minute. So that its speed is:

FEED RATE
Feed Rate Types

1. Coarse Turning:

Uses the thickness feeding 0,40 mm for the

work piece which do not need the high precision.
2. Smooth Turning:

Uses the thickness feeding (0,07-0,12) mm

for the work piece of needing high precision.

Tables Of Feed Rate To All Kinds Of Materials With The Cutting Tool (HSS).
Materials
Alumunium
Bronze.
Cast Iron
Tool Steel.
Machinery
Steel.

Coarse Turning
inchi
mm
0,015-0,030
0,015-0,025
0,015-0,025
0,010-0,020
0,010-0,020

0,40-0,75
0,40-0,65
0,40-0,65
0,25-0,50
0,25-0,50

Smooth Turning
Inchi
mm
0,005-0,010
0,003-0,010
0,005-0,012
0,003-0,010
0,003-0,010

0,13-0,25
0,07-0,25
0,13-0,30
0,07-0,25
0,07-0,25

BASIC THEORY OF DRILLING

Drilling is to make the hole with the drilling tool

Drilling

STEPS OF DRILLING USING LATHE

1. Drill the work piece using center drilling
2. Sett the position of tail stock
3. Chuck the working pieces
4. Arrange the spindle speed
5. Install the drill at tail stock
6. Operate the drilling at working pieces
7. Determine of hole depth
8. Finish the drilling process

SINGLE THREAD
Basic Theory of Single Thread
Single thread is the condition when one circle the
work pieces only has one thread path.

KINDS OF THREAD PROFILES

a.
b.
c.
d.

Triangle Thread
Trapezium Thread
Buttress Thread
Radius Thread

e. Rectangle Thread

Steps Of Thread Turning

Kalpakjian

1. Determine lathe type to get the thread of pitch

wanted
2. Provide the working pieces according to major
diameter thread
3. Install the working pieces correctly
4. Set tool of thread and top carriage correctly
5. Determine pitch by arranging handle at
gearbox

6. Determine the cutting speed, is usually selected by 1/3 from cutting speed is
common turning.
7. Calculate the depth of thread cutting
8. Give the long limitation part of working pieces will be threaded
9. Check the result of corect thread pitch with thread picth gauge
10. Do thread cutting correctly.
11. Check the thread which has been made.

LATHE OPERATION (VIDEO)

www.youtube.com

Cutting Off
Steps of Cutting Off
1. Chuck the working pieces correctly
2. Estimate part that will be cut by closest chuck
3. Cut it manual or automatically

Cutting Of

REFERENCES
Book
work shop Technolgy by Hajra choudry
Advances in Manufacturing Technology C.J Thomas
DeGarmo: E.P. DeGarmo et al, Materials and Processes in
Manufacturing, Wiley, 2003.
Franklin W Olin:. 2005. Engine Lathe Introduction. College of
Engineering.
Sumariyanto. 2007. Bubut Dasar. Malang: PPPPGT Malang
Website
www. engbasics.com
www. efunda.com
Kalpakjian: http://www.nd.edu/~manufact/index3.htm

THANK YOU
PRESENTED BY

Herianto
SMKN 1 PUNGGING