Mechanisms of Plate Motion

Causes of Plate Motion

Scientists generally agree that convection
occurring in the mantle is the basic driving
force for plate movement.

Convective flow is the motion of

matter resulting from changes in
temperature.

Mechanisms of Plate Motion

Causes of Plate Motion
Slab-Pull and Ridge-Push
Slab-pull mekanisme yg berkontibusi pd
pergerakan lempeng: kerak samudera yg dingin
dan padat tenggelam dalam lapisan mantel dan
pulls di sepanjang litosfer.
Ridge-push menyebabkan kerak samudera
tergelincir causes oceanic lithosphere to slide
down the sides of the oceanic ridge under the pull
of gravity. It may contribute to plate motion.

Mechanisms of Plate Motion

Yang menyebabkan bergeraknya lempeng:
Konveksi mantel
Mantle plumes adl massa dg T >>>
(mantel) yg bergerak ke permukaan bumi
penyebab aktivitas magmatisme
Penyebaran suhu yang tidak sama dalam
tubuh bumi konveksi thermal dalam
mantel menimbulkan plate motion.

Mantle Convection Models

Convection Currents

The force responsible for plate movement is

Plate Boundaries
The following two slides show maps
of the current major plate boundaries
and their relative motions.
You should be able to describe
various landforms created by
different plate movements.

Plate Tectonics
Earths Major Roles
According to the plate tectonics theory,
the uppermost mantle, along with the
overlying crust, behaves as a strong, rigid
layer. This layer is known as the
lithosphere.
A plate is one of numerous rigid sections of the lithosphere that
move as a unit over the material of the asthenosphere.

Plate Tectonics
Types of Plate Boundaries
Divergent boundaries (also called
spreading centers) are the place where two
plates move apart.
Convergent boundaries form where two
plates move together.
Transform fault boundaries are margins
where two plates grind past each other
without the production or destruction of the
lithosphere.

Divergent boundary of two continental plates.

Creates a rift
__________.
_____________
valley Example: East
African
Rift

Convergent boundary of two oceanic plates.

island
Japan
Creates an
________ andtrenc
a _____. Example:
arc
h
_____

Convergent boundary of an oceanic plate and a

trenc range
continental volcani
plate. Forms a _______ mountain
c Examples:
h
and a ______.
Mts
Cascades
Andes _______ or _______

Convergent boundary of two continental plates.

Himalayas
Forms a ______ mountain range.
Examples:
folde
___________,
Alps, ______________
dAppalachian
s

Transform-fault boundary where the North

American and Pacificpas
plates are moving ____
each other.
San Andreast
Example:Fault
________________ in California

Breakup of
Pangaea