GENERATION OF BIO-GAS FROM

ORGANIC WASTE AT CUET CAMPUS.

Supervised By-
Mr. Shyamal Acharya

Presented By_
NAME: Flora Sultana
ID NO. : 0401040
OBJECTIVES :
The main objectives are following as-
1.To observe the sources of organic waste at CUET
campus.
2. To determine the number of people and the waste
generation rate with income level.
3. To study about biogas production process and bio gas
plant.
4.To construct a small scale biogas plant at CUET
campus.
5.To study about the feasibility of solid waste management
of CUET campus through producing biogas.
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY:
This project is associated with the following
scope-

1. Better utilization of various kinds of wastes .

2. To reduce uses of conventional energy

sources,such as natural gas,coal oil by providing
modern technology of biogas.

3. Minimum or even without sophisticated equipment.

4. Anaerobic digestion greatly reduces pathogen level.

 LITERATURE REVIEW:

• Solid Waste: Solid waste are all the wastes

arising from human and animal activities that are
normally solid and that are discarded as useless.

• Solid Waste management (SWM): It can be

defined as the discipline associated with the control
of the waste generation, storage, collection, transfer
and transport, processing and disposal of solid
waste in such a manner, that is in accord with the
best principals of public health, economics,
engineering, conservation, aesthetics and other
environmental consideration.
 Biogas And Anaerobic digestion: An aerobic
digestion is an air tight container or tank where
bacterial digestion of organic material occurs in the
absence of oxygen which results in the production of
biogas.Biogas consits of about 60% methane,40%
carbon dioxide, and other trace gases. Anaerobic
digestion is the process of breaking down animal
manure or other organic materials such as food
wastes.The biological treatment process reduces
manure odor,produces biogas which can be
converted to heat or electrical energy and improves
the storage and handling characteristics of manure.
 The process of biogas digestion involves
three steps:-
1.Decomposition: Complex compounds such as
carbohydrates, fats and proteins are
disintegrated into simple soluble compounds
such as simple sugars and glycerol.
2.Acid Formation: The simple compounds are then
converted to simple and volatile acids such as acetic
acid, lactic acid,propanic acid,butanic acid and
methanol.
3.Methane Formation: Acids formed, are now
converted in to methane by methanogenic
bacteria.
WORK PLAN:
 To determine the sources of wastes.
 Information and data collection from CUET campus.
 To determine the number of population and to collect the waste according to
their socio economic condition such as high, medium and low income level.
 Data collection for the amount of food wastes from those respective house for 7
days.
 Make summary sheet of total waste generate in 7 days.
 To determine the waste generation rate (kg/cap/day).
 Compare the waste generation rate with level of income.
 WORK PLAN ( CONTINUATION):
 To make anaerobic digestion for producing biogas from
those data calculation.
 To construct the biogas plant for a small amount of
wastes.
 To keep the biogas plant about more than 20 days in
anaerobic condition.
 PROCEDURE:
 Collect the slurry material .It can be manure, household
-garbage, grass clippings or other green plant material, or dried
manure from a garden supply store.
 Mix the waste with water until it has the consistency of cream.
This liquefied waste is called a slurry. Put the slurry into the
container. Fill it about three-quarters full.
 Plug the container with the stopper and store it in a warm place.
Optimum temperatures are about 20-35 oC and pH about
6.2 – 6.9 .Be sure the stopper fits the opening tightly.
 Check for gas production every day. Test that gas for
flammability by holding a match near the burner tip.
BE VERY CAREFUL. Keep testing every day or two
until methane is produced.
BIOGAS QUALITY & RELEVANT PROPERTIES
Model used to produce
biogas

Model filled with waste

Biogas, produce after
28 days
 BIOGAS PLANT:-
 Dimension:
Digester: Diameter of the bio-digester round part, D =10 ft
Height of the total bio-digester round part, H = 8 ft
Height of round part of bio-digester, h = 4 ft
Radius of the bio-digester round part, r = 5 ft
Height of the upper dome , f 1 = 2 ft
Height of the sludge chamber , f 2 = 1.25 ft
 RESULTS:
Total population in CUET campus = 2263
Total waste generation rate = 0 .55 kg /cap /day

According to BRTC (CHAINA) data source –

Biogas produce 1.5 cft from 1 kg of organic waste.

So, Biogas produce in CUET campus = 1867 cft /day.

 CONCLUSION:
The co-digestion of organic waste in the mesophilic
condition has a positive effect to the volume of methane
production and energy content. It can be concluted that with the
increase of the amount of organic waste, the volume of methane
production also increased, depending on-
 Selection of materials.
 Total solid (TS) contains calculations of organic materials
Organic materials.( Most favourable TS value desired is 08%)
 Favourable temperature, PH value & C/N ratio for good
fermentation.
 Hydraulic retention time ( HRT)- more than 20days.
THANKS
TO
ALL.