STRUCTURE 2 SPRING 2015

6 t h Class: April 5, 2015

Modul 8 9 : Noun Clauses & Reported Speech

Meiliza Fitri
meiliza.fi tri@ymail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

Class 6 : Noun Clauses

Noun clause adalah kata benda yang digunakan sebagai subjek
atau objek pada sebuah kalimat.

Noun clause sbg subjek: Noun clause sbg objek:

His story was
I heard his story.
interesting.
I heard what he said.
What he said was
interesting
There are 3 groups of words that can be use to
introduce noun clauses:
1. Question words :When, where, why, how, who,
whom, which, whose
2. Whether if
3. That

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1
Noun Clause with Question
Words

Noun Clause with Question

Words
Question

Noun Clause

Where does she live?

I dont know where she lives.

What did he say?

I couldnt hear what he said.

When do they arrive?

Do you know when they arrive?

I dont know where she lives

S
V
O

where she lives

Q
S
V

Learning Points:
1. Where she lives adalah objek dari kalimat
tersebut
2. Do, did, does tidak dipergunakan dalam noun
clause

Beberapa noun clause mempunyai pola yang sama dengan

kalimat tanya, seperti:

Sementara beberapa lainnya harus mengalami perubahan pola:

Noun clause dapat digunakan sebagai subjek. Subjek dalam

bentuk noun clause menggunakan singular verb.
Question

Noun Clause

What did he say?

What he said surprised me.

What should they

do?

What they should do is

obvious.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2
Noun Clause with Whether or If

Noun Clause with Whether or

If
Dikembangkan dari yes or no question

Pada noun clause with whether or if, kita bisa menambahkan kata or not.
Or Not tidak mengubah makna kalimat, hanya memberi penekanan.
Without or not

With or not

I dont know whether she will

come.

I dont know whether she will come or

not.

I wonder whether he needs help.

I wonder whether or not he needs help.

I dont know if she will come.

I dont know if she will come or not.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3
Question Words Followed by
Infinitives

Question Words Followed by

Infinitives

Question Words Followed by Infinitives memiliki makna yang

sama dengan should can/could.

For example:
Should Can/Could

QW with Inf

I dont know what I should do.

I dont know what to do.

Pramuki cant decide whether she Pramuki cant decide whether to

should go or stay home.
go or to stay home.
Please tell me how I can get to
the Post Office.

Please tell me how to get to the

Post Office.

Jamal told us where we could find

it.

Jamal told us where to find it.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 4
Noun Clause with That

Noun Clause with That

Noun Clause with That berasal dari sebuah statement
(pernyataan). Statement adalah ekspresi dari suatu gagasan
Noun Clause with That dapat berperan sebagai subjek ataupun
objek pada sebuah kalimat
Statement

Noun clause as
subject

Noun clause as
object

The word is round

That the world is round

is a fact

It is a fact that the

world is round

She doesnt
understand Korean

That she doesnt

understand Korean is
obvious

It is obvious (that) she

doesnt understand
Korean

Learning point:
1.

Jika digunakan sebagai subjek, that tidak boleh dihilangkan.

2.

Namun bila digunakan sebagai objek,

dihilangkan. Terutama dalam percakapan.

that

dapat

MODULE 9
Reported Speech

Class 6 : Reported Speech

Reported speech adalah kalimat tidak langsung.
Terdapat 3 jenis reported speech:
1.

Reported Statement

2.

Reported Question, and

3.

Reported Order

LEARNING ACTIVITY 5
Reported Statement

Reported Statement
Reported Statement adalah mempergunakan noun clause untuk
melaporkan suatu pernyataan yang telah dikemukakan oleh
seseorang
Quoted Statement

Reported Statement

She said, I listen to the radio

She said (that) she listened to the radio

She said, I am listening to the radio

She said (that) she was listening to the

radio

She said, I have listened to the radio

She said she had listen to the radio

She said, I listened to the radio

She said she had listen to the radio

She said, I will listen to the radio

She said she would listen to the radio

She said, I am going to listen to the

radio

She said she was going to listen to the

radio

She said, I can listen to the radio

She said she could listen to the radio

She said, I may listen to the radio

She said she might listen to the radio

She said, I must listen to the radio

She said she had to listen to the radio

She said, I should listen to the radio

She said she should listen to the radio

Reported Statement
Learning Point:
1.

Apabila reporting verb dalam bentuk past, verb pada noun clause juga
dalam bentuk past

2.

The verbs:could, should, would, might, must, neednt, ought to, used
tobiasanya tidak berubah

3.

Dalam percakapan, jika percakapan sedang berlangsung, tidak ada

perubahan tenses A :what the teacher just said? I cant hear? B :
He said he wants us to read

4.

Present tense tetap digunakan jika membicarakan general truth She

said that the world is round

5.

Apabila reporting verb dalam bentuk simple present, present perfect

atau future, kata kerja dalam noun clause tidak berubah
Quoted Statement

Reported Statement

She says, I watch TV

everyday

She says she watches TV

everyday

She has said, I watch TV

everyday

She has said she watches TV

everyday

Reported Statement
Say and Tell
Learning Point:
1.

Say langsung diikuti oleh noun clause

2.

Tell diikuti oleh (pro)noun setelah itu baru noun clause

Example:
Lucy told that she was happy salah!
Lucy told me that she was happy benar
Lucy said me that she was happy salah!
Lucy said (to me) that she was happy benar

LEARNING ACTIVITY 6
Reported Question

Reported Question Yes/No Question

Menggunakan noun clause untuk melaporkan suatu pertanyaan
Learning point:
1.

Menggunakan ask bukan say atau tell. Atau dapat jg

menggunakan want to know, wonder atau inquire

2.

Menggunakan
clause

3.

Pronoun object (kata ganti objek) dapat dihilangkan setelah

ask Question
Reported Question

whether/if

untuk

memperkenalkan

noun

Sandi asked me whether/if I was

alright
Sandi said, Are you
alright?

Sandi wanted to know if I was

alright
Sandi wondered whether I was
alright
Sandi inquire whether or not I was
alright

Reported Question Question Words

Learning point:
1.

Menggunakan ask bukan say atau tell.

2.

Langsung menggunakan kalimat Tanya

3.

Perhatikan perubahan subject dan pronoun!

Question

Reported Question

She said, Where do you live?

She asked me where I lived.

She said, What is your name? She asked me what my name.

She said, How old she is?

She asked me how old she was.

She said, What do you do?

She asked me what I did.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 7
Reported Order

Reported Order
Menggunakan noun clause untuk melaporkan kalimat perintah,
ajakan, undangan atau permintaan
Direct Order

Reported Order

Jamal said, Please come to my Jamal invited me to come to

party!
his party
My teacher said, You should
learn more!

My teacher advised me to
learn more.

Pattern pada reported order:

Jamal
invited
me
to come to his
party
S + reporting verb + (pro)noun object + infinitive phrase

Kata-kata yang dapat berperan sebagai reporting verb:

Allow
Beg
Challenge
Convince
Direct
Encourage