WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION

PRESENTATION ON

INTEL 8086
MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE
GROUP MEMBER NAME AND ID
NAME : NAZMUL HOSSAIN
ID : 081-15-608

NAME : AL-MHAMUD SARKER

ID : 081-15-609

NAME : KAZI FAKRUL ISLAM

ID : 081-15-626
 AX
BX
CS
CX
DS
Execution Unit DX Bus Interface Unit
SS
SP
ES
BP
IP
SI
DI

Bus
Control External
Internal Bus Bus
Unit

Temporary
Registers

ALU

Flags

Fig : Internal architecture of 8086 microproce

 The 8086 microprocessor is divided internally
into two separate unit. These are

Bus Interface Execution Unit

Unit (BIU) (EU)

The two units function independently. The BIU fetches instructions,

reads operands, and writes results. On the other hand, the EU
executes instructions that have already been fetched by the BIU.
 EXECUTION UNIT

The purpose of the execution unit(EU) is to execute

instructions. It contains a circuit called the arithmetic
and logic unit(ALU). The ALU can perform
arithmetic(+,-,*,/) and logic (AND, OR, XOR etc.)
operations. The data for the operations are stored in
circuits called registers. The EU has eight registers for
storing data such as AX,BX,CX,DX,SI, DI,BP and SP.
 Data Registers

AX (Accumulator Register) : AX used in arithmetic, logic and data

transfer instructions Because its use generates the shortest machine
code.

BX (Base Register) : BX is Used as a address register.

CX( Count Register) : All kind of Loop instruction used in CX

register.

DX (Data Register) : DX is used in multiplication and division.

 Pointer and Index Registers

SP (Stack Pointer) : The SP register is used in Conjunction with SS

for accessing the stack segment.

BP (Base Pointer) :The BP register is used in primarily to access data

on the stack.

SI (Source Index) : The SI register is used to point memory locations

in the data segment addressed by DS.

DI (Destination Index) : The DI register performs the same function

as SI.
 BUS INTERDFACE UNIT

The BIU facilitates communication between

the EU and the memory or I/O circuits. Its is
responsible for transmitting address, data and
control signals on the buses. Its registers are
named CS, DS, ES, SS and IP.
 Segment Register

CS (Code Segment) Register : The code segment is a section of

memory that hold the code (program and procedures) used by the
microprocessor .
DS (Data Segment) : The data segment is a section of memory
that contains most data used by a program.

ES (Extra Segment) : The extra segment is an additional data

segment that is used by some of the string instructions to hold
destination data.

SS (Stack Segment) : The Stack segment defines the area of

memory used for the stack.
FLAGS Register : The purpose of FLAGS register is to
indicate the status of the microprocessor. It does by the setting
of individual bits called flags. There are two kind of flags.

1.Status flags
2.Control flags

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
NT IOP IOP OF DF IF TF SF ZF AF PF CF

Fig : FLAGS Register

 References

sembly Language Programming and Organization of the IBM PC

Ytha Y
Charles M
Revised editio
THANK YOU

THE END