“Energy Efficiency dollars are

dollars well spent and

the best dollars spent”
www.rmi.org
WIND POWER WORKS

SOLAR POWER WORKS

Photovoltaic Power

Cells

Module

Array
 AVOID THE SHADE

This is more important than

direction
Tilt to meet the Sun

Summer – latitude minus 15 degrees

Spring/Fall – latitude

Winter – latitude plus 15 degrees

 Batteries

Watch the operating

temperature
80 deg – 100%
32 deg – 65%
0 deg – 40%
PV Sizing Rule of Thumb

Array x Ave Hours x 70% = daily watt hours

 Invertors
Convert DC to AC

Grid tied- like lots of

air and shade, ok
outside

Battery – like inside

The Future
Micro Invertors
1 per module
(175-225W)
One 15A breaker
can handle
12-16 modules
Totaling 2100-3600W
 Types of PV Cells

Single Crystal
Polycrystalline
Hybrid (ply amorphous)

Output:
12-16 watts /s.f.
PVL thin film 6 watts/
s.f. peel & stick
QUESTIONS?
FIT

MPPT
WIND POWER
 THE TOP TWENTY STATES
for Wind Energy Potential
as measured by annual energy potential in the billions of kWh,
factoring in environmental and land use exclusions for wind class of 3 and higher.

    B kWh/Yr     B kWh/Yr

1.  North Dakota 1,210 11. Colorado 481

2.  Texas 1,190 12. New Mexico 435
3. Kansas 1,070 13. Idaho 73

4. South Dakota 1,030 14. Michigan 65

5. Montana 1,020 15. New York 62

6. Nebraska 868 16. Illinois 61

7. Wyoming 747 17. California 59

8. Oklahoma 725 18. Wisconsin 58

9. Minnesota 657 19. Maine 56

10. Iowa 551 20. Missouri 52

 
Source: An Assessment of the Available Windy Land Area and Wind Energy Potential in the Contiguous United States, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, August 1991. PNL-7789
 Illinois Wind as of December 2009
Power Capacity - Existing projects (MW): 1546.56
Power Capacity - Projects under construction
539.4
(MW):
Rank In US (by Existing Capacity): 7

Rank In US (by Potential Capacity): 16

 Classes of Wind Power Density at 10 m and 50 m (a)
        10 m (33 ft)         50 m (164 ft)
Wind Wind Speed(b) Wind Speed(b)
Power Power m/s (mph) Power m/s (mph)
Class Density Density
(W/m2) (W/m2)

1 <100 <4.4 (9.8) <200 <5.6 (12.5)

5.6 (12.5)/6.4
2 100 - 150 4.4 (9.8)/5.1 (11.5) 200 - 300
(14.3)

6.4 (14.3)/7.0
3 150 - 200 5.1 (11.5)/5.6 (12.5) 300 - 400
(15.7)

7.0 (15.7)/7.5
4 200 - 250 5.6 (12.5)/6.0 (13.4) 400 - 500
(16.8)

7.5 (16.8)/8.0
5 250 - 300 6.0 (13.4)/6.4 (14.3) 500 - 600
(17.9)

8.0 (17.9)/8.8
6 300 - 400 6.4 (14.3)/7.0 (15.7) 600 - 800
(19.7)

>8.8 (19.7)
7 >400 >7.0 (15.7) >800

(a) Vertical extrapolation of wind speed based on the 1/7 power law

(b) Mean wind speed is based on the Rayleigh speed distribution of equivalent wind power density. Wind speed is for standard
sea-level conditions. To maintain the same power density, speed increases 3%/1000 m (5%/5000 ft) of elevation. (from the
Battelle Wind Energy Resource Atlas)
 Influences on Uncertainty
(Typical Range of Impact on Lifetime Energy Production)
(2-4%) Sensor Types, # of Masts
 Measured Speed
(1-3%) Height of Masts, Multiple Data Heights,
 Shear Terrain & Land Cover Variability

(4-9%) Measurement Duration, Period of Record @

 Climate Reference Station

(5-10%)
 Resource Model Terrain Complexity

(1-3%)
 Plant Losses Turbine Spacing (wakes), Blade Icing

UNCERTAINTY (13-29%)
 Hub
Swept and
Rotor Area Hub Tower Nacelle Blade
Turbine Diameter (Sq. Height Weight Weight Weight
Manufacturer Model (meters) Meters) (meters) (tons) (Tons) (tons)

Vestas V80 80 5,027 100 198 67.5 *

Vestas V90 90 6,362 105 235 70 *

Multibrid M5000 116 10,568 90 350 199.3 110

REPower 5M 126 12,469 117 * 315 125

Annual Energy Estimates
Rotor Diameter (m)

Wind 50m 70m 90m

Class Tower (m) 600kW 1.5MW 2.5MW
3 50 2.0 3.5 6.0
4 80 2.5 5.0 8.0
5 100 3.0 6.0 10.0

MkWh/yr
SITING GUIDELINES

Adequate winds
Generally > 7 m/s @ hub height
 start at 50 meters hub height
Access to transmission
Net Metering - <2MW in Illinois
Permit approval reasonably attainable
Sufficient land area for target project size
Carbon Footprint of Wind
0.42 kg CO2 are produced for every kWh of
electricity. Not including NOx, SOx.
Producing a million kWhr/yr by using
renewables, such as wind, will annually
save 42,000 kg CO2
Producing 4 million kWhr/yr using
windpower saves 168,000 kg CO2
Windpower Saves Water
Conventional power generation uses 25-35 gallons of
water per kWh.

Roughly 30,000 gallons of water are saved by producing

1 MWh with wind power.

915 MW of wind capacity in Illinois (roughly producing

2.8 GWh/yr) will save 85 billion gallons of water/year.

Thermoelectric power plants evaporate over 1,100

MGal/day from the Great Lakes, they consume over
53,000 MGal/day
Grading Illinois Utilities
 Windpower Classes
Oakton Community College – Des Plaines
Alliance for Lifelong Learning
www.oakton.edu/all
INTRODUCTION TO WIND POWER SEMINAR          FEE: $25
SCI E32-01, OC/DP, 1 Tue., 2/27, 9 am-12 pm, CRN 40522

WIND POWER BASICS          FEE: $75

TEC C16-01, OC/DP, 4 weeks on Thu., 3/4, 7-9 pm, CRN 40525

WIND POWER - SYSTEM SITING          FEE: $75

TEC C17-01, OC/DP, 4 weeks on Thu., 5/6 , 7-9 pm, CRN 40529
Books
 WIND WEBSITES
http://www.awea.org
http://www.the-mrea.org/smallwind.php
http://www.20percentwind.org/
http://www.wind.ilstu.edu/
http://www.nawindpower.com
http://www.glrea.org/
http://www.windenergyworks.org/index.html
http://glc.org/energy/wind/
http://www.thewindway.com
http://www.windustry.org/communitywind
“Energy Efficiency dollars are
dollars well spent and
the best dollars spent”
www.rmi.org
QUESTIONS?
 Utility Examples
_______
ACUA, New Jersey
Evanston Water
Naperville Utility
ACUA – Atlantic County Utility
 Real-time Monitoring
http://noveda.com/resources/media/acuasf.htm

http://www.maritime.edu/l2.cfm?page=160

http://www.glsc.org/energy/flash/live_data.swf

http://www.hullwind.org/

http://www.markrichey.com/our_facility/wind-turbine-real-time-display.cfm
San Diego Water
Alvarado Water Treatment Plant,
5530 Kiowa Drive, La Mesa
 
• 945 kilowatt (AC) system atop three
water reservoirs (two meters: 495 and
450 kWh)

  1.4 million kilowatt-hours annually               

• (two meters: 742,500 and 675,000          
kWh)
 
City of Naperville
 City of Naperville
 System Size: 4.4 kW
 System Specifications:
 25 SolarWorld 175W mono-crystalline panels
 25 Enphase M190-72-208-S01/2 micro-inverters
 25 SoCore Energy SunLock racking systems
 Location:

Fort Hill Substation

242 Three Farms Ave, Naperville, IL
City of Naperville
 System Details:
 Estimated Production: 5,221 kWh per year
 SRECs Generated: 5 per year

 Expected installation: February 22, 2010

 City of Evanston
 System Size: 25.3 kW
 System Specifications:
 110 SolarWorld 230W mono-crystalline panels
 110 Enphase M190-72-208-S01/2 micro-inverters
 110 SoCore Energy SunLock racking systems
 Location:

Evanston Water Treatment Plant

555 Lincoln Street, Evanston, IL
City of Evanston
City of Evanston
 System Details:
 Estimated Production: 27,246 kWh per year
 SRECs Generated: 27 per year

 System Financials:
 Turnkey System Cost: $182,954 ($7.29 / Watt)
 Solar System Incentives
 ICECFrebate: $112,906
 Energy Efficiency Grant: $35,000
 Net System Cost: $35,048

 Expected installation: March 1, 2010

Speaker Contact
Matt Overeem
Water/Sewer Superintendent
Village of Mount Prospect, Illinois
movereem@mountprospect.org

mattovereem@thewindway.com
www.thewindway.com
SPECIAL
THANKS TO:

773-913-4400
www.socoreenergy.com

Sales:
Rob Federighi, Business Development Manager
773-913-4401
rfederighi@socoreenergy.com

Engineering:
J.S. Roy, Director of Engineering
773-913-4406
jsroy@socoreenergy.com
QUESTIONS?