Comparison

Rapidity maintains the highest speed

Continuous journey this mode is continuous

over land water without loss of time and

abruption
Accessibility Air transport has the unique

ability to open up any region that is

inaccessible by other means of transportation

Limitations
Operating expenses : operating expenses are

generally very high including the cost of air

vehicles, traffic control systems, i.e. why
freight charges are comparatively high.
Capacity : weight carrying capacities of
aircrafts are lowest among all modes and can
not be used for heavy articles.
Weather conditions : weather conditions
greatly affect the operation of air transport for
e.g. fog, snow

Structure and organization

of
air
transport

By the legislatures of 26 national states, ICAO

,came into existence on 4 April 1947.
By 1975 the original 26 states had grown to
131 member states.
The most important international organization
are:
IATA
ICAA
IAT

IATA
International Airport transportation association :

the role of this organization is to foster the

interests of civil aviation, to provide a forum for
industry views and to establish industry
practices.
ICAA International civil airports association
was established to serve as a forum and focus of
the views and interests of civil airport operators.
IAT- An association of individuals and
organizations with interests in civil aviation.

NAA
National airports authority
Carved out of DGCA
Managed by board of 4 full time members and

8 part time members

Manages all domestic airports to a total of
116.

NAA
National airports authority
Design of aircraft, engines, airborne equipment
and ground-based equipment affecting flight
safety
Conditions of manufacture and test of aircraft
and equipment
Maintenance of aircraft and equipment
Operation of aircraft and equipment
Licensing ofpilots andmaintenance engineers
Licensing of airports andnavigational aids
Standards forair traffic control

Manage air routes

Airspace for domestic airports
Aeronautical communications
Navigational and radar services
Visual aid and ground services
Airport environment
Civil aviation training centre
Organization of search and rescue

Objectives
Efficient air traffic services at domestic and

international airports to ensure highest

standards of air control
Maintenance and upkeep of domestic airports
and civil air terminal at airports controlled by
IAF and Indian navy and ensure quick and
efficient passenger activities at domestic
airports

IAAI
Due to gradual increase in the size of the

aircraft, passenger air traffic increase resulting

in serious congestion and delays at airports.
So under the chairmanship of J.R.D. Tata in
1967, IAAI was set up in April 1967.
In 1972, plan was developed to construct four
international airports Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi
and Madras.

Limitations
Inadequacy of funds provided in the five year

plan
Lack of integrated development of the aviation
industry. While the national airliners, Air India,
Indian Airlines and foreign airlines geared
themselves to the traffic growth and expanded,
IAAI could not keep in step with expansion
Increased requirements of infrastructural
facilities during the concentrated peak hour
traffic due to bunching of flights. The magnitude
of this imbalance is abnormally high.

AAI
So, Airport Authority of India was formed in

1995 by merging NAA and IAAI.

To accelerate the integrated development
Expansion and modernization of the

operational, terminal and cargo facilities at

airports confirming the international
standards.

AAI manages
11 international airports
81 domestic
25 civil air terminals at defense Airfields
8 custom airports
Provides
Communication, Navigation and Surveillance
system
Passenger facilities at international airports
Cargo facilities