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Presentation

Boiler Auxiliaries

By Mustak Malek
Engineer-Mech
Boiler Auxiliaries
• Fans
• Blowers
• Bed Material System
• Soot Blowers
Fans
• Introduction
• Working Principle / Fan Sizing
• Classification of Fans / Application of Fans
• Constructional Features
• Controls
• Accessories
Introduction
• Fan is one of the many types of turbo
machines used for energy transfer.
• It can be defined as a rotating machine with
bladed impeller which maintain continuous
flow of air or gas.
Working Principle
• It is possible that energy transfer can be
from machine to flowing fluid or vise-versa.
• Fans, Blowers, Compressors, Pump etc.
falls under one category, where energy
transfer occurs from the machine to fluid.
I.e. Mechanical energy is converted to Fluid
energy.
• Turbine falls under another category where
fluid transfer energy to machine.
Fan Sizing
• The basic information needed to select a
Fan are:
• Air or Gas flow - in Kg/Hr or Cub M/Sec
• Density - in Kg/Cub.M
• System Resistance (Losses)
Classification of Fans

• Radial Fan:
• Backward Curve
• Forward Curve
• Straight Curve
• Single Suction
• Double Suction
• Axial Fan:
• Impulse Type
• Reaction Type
TYPE OF FANS
• Primary Air Fan - 02 Nos. per boiler.

• Secondary Air Fan - 02 Nos. per boiler.

• Induced Draft Fan - 02 Nos. per boiler.

APPLICATION OF FAN

• The Basic functions of Fans are

• Supplying air for Combustion.

• Circulation of bed material.

• Maintaining the Draft.

Application of Fan
• Three Fans Application:
• Forced Draft Fans: Take air from
atmosphere at ambient temperature and
supply all the combustion air to boiler. Speed
varies between 600 to 1500 rpm.
• Induced Draft Fans: Suck the flue gas from
furnace and throw out in to the stack. Handle
hot dirty gases at 125 to 200 degree
centigrade. Speed less than 1000 rpm.
Application of Fan
• Primary Air Fan: Take air from
atmosphere at ambient temperature and
supply to furnace for fluidization of Bed
material. Similar to FD Fan. Speed is more
than 1500 rpm.
 SECONDARY AIR FAN DATA
• Type - SIBAB-24.
• Location - Outdoor.
• Medium handled - Air
• Capacity - 41.11 NM3 / Sec.
• Total Head developed - 151 mbar.
• Temperature of Medium - 50o C.
• Specific Weight of Medium- 1.1 Kg / M3.
• Speed - 1490 rpm.
• Motor rating - 1250 kW.
• Fan bearing lubrication - Servoprime 68.
• Motor bearing lubrication - Grease.
• No. per Boiler - 02
 INDUCED DRAFT AIR FAN DATA

• Type - NDZV28 SIDOR.

• Location - Outdoor.
• Medium handled - Flue gas
• Capacity - 122.56 M3 / Sec.
• Total Head developed - 406 mmwc.
• Temperature of Medium - 190o C.
• Specific Weight of Medium- 0.762 Kg / M3.
• Speed - 740 rpm.
• Motor rating - 725 kW.
• Fan bearing lubrication - Sump oil VG68.
• Motor bearing lubrication - Grease.
• No. per Boiler - 02
 PRIMARY AIR FAN DATA
• Type - HIIA-67-5-ALK.
• Location - Outdoor.
• Medium handled - Air
• Capacity - 33.18 M3 / Sec.
• Total Head developed - 265.47 mbar.
• Temperature of Medium - 61o C.
• Specific Weight of Medium- 1.1 Kg / M3.
• Speed - 2980 rpm.
• Motor rating - 1120 kW.
• Fan bearing lubrication - Servoprime 46.
• Motor bearing lubrication - Servoprime 46.
• No. per Boiler - 02
Constructional Features
• Spiral Casing: The casing is fully welded
structure with stiffened by rolled section
both inside & outside. The inlet cone which
forms the entrance to spiral casing help in
accelerating the flow. IGV is mounted on
the inlet flange of cone. Manhole is
provided in spiral casing. Spiral casing is
rest on the foundation by four footings.
Constructional Features
• Impeller: The impeller is welded structure
consisting of back plate, cover plate impeller ring,
blade & hub. Impeller fixed on shaft with taper
hub. Impeller is dynamically balanced.
• IGV Assy.: It is one piece housing fixed at inlet
cone. Blades of IGV fixed with rivet on shaft. All
the shaft are connected to ring through angular
lever. The ring is externally operated through
power cylinder/servo motor.
Constructional Features
• Shaft: It is dynamically balanced hollow
tube at center & solid pin welded at both
end. The shaft ends are machined.
• Bearings: The shaft & Impeller assy. is
mounted on Journal Bearings. One is
locating bearing and other is free bearing.
 Controls
• Different types of Controls are:
• Damper Control: This is the least effective of
all control.
• IGV Control: This is used in both radial &
axial fans. This is more effective than damper
control.
• Speed Control: This is achieved by either
hydraulic coupling or variable speed electric
motor.
Accessories
• Oil System: External forced oil system
given for axial & radial fans.
• In axial fan oil system is used for control &
lubrication, while in radial fan it is used for
lubrication.
• The system as a whole is compact unit with
pump,motors, coolers,filters,
instrumentation etc.
Accessories
• Silencer: Silencer are provided in PA & SA
fan to reduce noise level.
• Cooling System: Water cooling system is
provided for cooling of bearings and
bearing oil.
BLOWERS
• Introduction
• Working principle
• Classification of blowers
• Application of Blowers
• Constructional Features
• Accessories
Introduction
• Blower is one of the many types of turbo
machines used for energy transfer.
• It can be defined as a rotating machine with
lobes which maintain continuous flow of air
or gas.
• Pressure develop is more than fan.
Working Principle
• It is possible that energy transfer can be
from machine to flowing fluid or vise-versa.
• Fans, Blowers, Compressors, Pump etc.
falls under one category, where energy
transfer occurs from the machine to fluid. I.e.
Mechanical energy is converted to Fluid
energy.
Classification Of Blower
• Two lobe
• Three lobe
Application Of Blower
• The Basic functions of Blowers are

• Fluidization of Bed Material.

• Circulation of Bed Material.

• Sealing of various opening.

• Conveying of Bed Material

INTRODUCTION:
• The Basic functions of Blowers are

• Fluidization of Bed Material.

• Circulation of Bed Material.

• Sealing of various opening.

• Conveying of Bed Material.

TYPE OF BLOWERS
• Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger - 04+02 Nos. per
boiler. ( FBHE - Bundle Chamber).

• Fluidized Bed Heat Exchanger - 01+01 Nos. per

boiler. ( FBHE - Empty Chamber).

• Seal and Purge Air Blower - 01+01 Nos. per boiler.

• Ash Cooler Blower - 01+01 Nos. per boiler.

• Seal Pot Blower - 02+01 Nos. per boiler.

• Bed Ash Blower - 01+01 Nos. per boiler.

 FBHE BUNDLE/ EMPTY CHAMBER
BLOWER DATA
• Type - DN 300, Blower size GM130L.
• Medium handled - Air.
• Location - Indoor.
• Orientation - Vertical Suction / Discharge.
• Capacity - 117 M3 / Min.
• Intake Pressure - 0.987 mbar.
• Discharge Pressure - 1.637 mbar.
• Intake Temperature - 46O C.
• Discharge Temperature - 115O C.
• Speed Blower / Motor - 2240 rpm. / 1475 rpm.
• Coupling Type - Belt driven.
• Motor Rating - 190 kW.
 SEAL AND PURGE AIR BLOWER
DATA
• Type - DN 300, Blower size GM150S.
• Medium handled - Air.
• Location - Indoor.
• Orientation - Vertical Suction / Discharge.
• Capacity - 100.2 M3 / Min.
• Intake Pressure - 0.987 mbar.
• Discharge Pressure - 1.887 mbar.
• Intake Temperature - 46O C.
• Discharge Temperature - 146O C.
• Speed Blower / Motor - 1340 rpm. / 1488 rpm.
• Coupling Type - Belt driven.
• Motor Rating - 225 kW.
 SEAL POT BLOWER DATA
• Type - DN 300, Blower size GM35S.
• Medium handled - Air.
• Location - Indoor.
• Orientation - Vertical Suction / Discharge.
• Capacity - 35.7 M3 / Min.
• Intake Pressure - 0.987 mbar.
• Discharge Pressure - 1.487 mbar.
• Intake Temperature - 46O C.
• Discharge Temperature - 97O C.
• Speed Blower / Motor - 3940 rpm. / 2945 rpm.
• Coupling Type - Belt driven.
• Motor Rating - 45 kW.
 BED ASH BLOWER DATA
• Type - DN 300, Blower size GM25S.
• Medium handled - Air.
• Location - Indoor.
• Orientation - Vertical Suction / Discharge.
• Capacity - 20 M3 / Min.
• Intake Pressure - 0.987 mbar.
• Discharge Pressure - 1.937 mbar.
• Intake Temperature - 46O C.
• Discharge Temperature - 149O C.
• Speed Blower / Motor - 4200 rpm. / 2955 rpm.
• Coupling Type - Belt driven.
• Motor Rating - 45 kW.
Constructional Features
• Cylinder: It is the main chamber of blower,
where lobes are fixed in close tolerance
with cylinder and with each other.
• Gear Housing: It is located at NDE side.
Gears are placed in housing. One gear is
on drive shaft and the other is on driven
shaft. Shafts are mounted on bearings.
Chamber is filled with lubrication.
Constructional Features
• Housing Cover: It is located at DE side.
Bearings are placed in the housing cover.
Chamber is filled with oil for lubrication.
• Intake Filter: It is provided on top of the blower
cylinder. It prevent any foreign material coming
into the lobes & cylinder.
• Belt Drive:
Accessories
• Relief valve: Release the pressure in case
of sudden increase in discharge pressure
• NRV: Provided at discharge line to prevent
reverse rotation of blower
• Hinged motor Support: Used for adjusting
belt tension.
Soot Blower
• Introduction
• Type of Soot Blower
• Selection of Soot Blower
• Constructional Features
 Introduction
• All fossil fuels leaves a residue of combuston I.e. ash.
• For continuous operation removal of ash is essential.
Ash particles are carried through the gas stream. This
ash may settle in the furnace walls, pressure parts coils,
APH tubes and gas passes.
• Some means must be provided to dispose of the ash.
This is achieved by Soot Blower.
Type of Soot Blower
• Long Retractable Soot Blower: Mainly
used for cleaning of SH, RH zone. Lance
tube of soot blower retracted completely
from heating surface.
• Half Retractable Soot Blower: Mainly
used for cleaning of low temp. SH,
Economiser zone. Half lance tube of soot
blower retracted from heating surface.
Type of Soot Blower
• Wall Deslagger: Mainly used for cleaning
of furnace walls.
• Rotary Blowers: Mainly used for cleaning
of package boilers heating surface.
No. of Soot Blower
• No. of soot blowers per Boiler:
• Long retractable Soot Blower: 8 nos.
• Half retractable soot blower: 24 nos.
Selection of Soot Blower
• Gas temperature at location
• Type of ash deposit
• Arrangement of heating surface
Constructional Features
• Rotary motion Gear Box: It provides
rotary motion to lance tube.
• Transverse motion Gear Box: It provides
transverse motion to lance tube.
• Travelling Carriage Assy.: The lance is
attached to travelling carriage. Lance get its
rotary & transverse motion through TC
Constructional Features
• Puppet Valve head Assy.: This controls
the flow of medium (Steam) to lance. It
operated through lever provided on TC.