Fire Statistics in Asian

Countries
Sl
No

Country

Number of
Fire in 2010

Maximum
Types of Fire

Maximum
Causes of Fire

Bangladesh

14,921

12298
(Structures)

Electric Short
Circuit

Hong Kong

40,604

5522 (Structures)

Over Cooking

India (Delhi)

19,851

11891 (Structures)

Electric Short
Circuit

Japan (Tokio)

15,511

3210 (Structures)

Arson

Korea

2,95,296

26904
(Structures)

Careless Ness

Malaysia

29,341

5219 (Structures)

Electricity

Singapure

4,600

3857 (Structures)

Light Thrown Down

Fire Safety Management

Training

OSHA MUSTS..
DEVELOP & IMPLEMENT ACTON PLANS FOR:
1. FIRE
2. WORKPLACE VIOLENCE
3. CHEMICAL RELEASES
NOT LIMITED TO JUST THESE 3 BUT OSHA
DEMANDS THESE 3.

Law of the land -Fire Safety Code

HR Policy 2013
Industrial Law
BNBC Code 2006
Fire Department Recommendation

Fire Safety Management

Objective:
Save Your Life , Your Business
Your Good Will
Protect Property, Equipment, Assets and Operational
continuity.

Fire Safety Management

Its real, it does happen, and it could happen to you.

If you think, It will never happen to you, consider this

What is our lesson? what should we do to protect our

self, our family, our colleagues against fire

Preventive actions
Rather than curative actions

Dangers of Fire
Q: What are the Dangers of Fire?

Fumes
Suffocation
Smoke
Burn
Structural Damage

Know the Causes of fire

 Careless smoking

Electric Sparks / Short Circuits

Hazardous storage of flammable materials

Carelessness & Ignorance

Arson

 Mechanical heat & spark

Overheating of electric equipment
Naked lights
Rubbish burning
Sabotage

Minimising fire hazards

Good housekeeping;
Managing laundries;
Managing kitchen areas;
Managing storage;
Dangerous substances, storage, display and use;
Maintenance of equipment and machinery;
Electrical safety; and
Managing building work and alterations.

Security Measure against arson &

sabotage
Ensure physical security
Ensure access control procedure
Integrated manned, electronic system
Background screening of the employees

The fire triangle

The

fire

triangle

or

combustion triangle is a
simple

model

understanding

for
the

ingredients necessary for

most
fires. illustrates a fire requires three
The triangle
elements: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent
(usually oxygen)

 Without sufficient heat, a fire cannot begin, and it

cannot continue.
Without fuel, a fire will stop.
Without sufficient oxygen, a fire cannot begin, and it
cannot continue.
The fire tetrahedron is an addition to
the

fire

triangle.

It

adds

the

requirement for the presence of the

chemical reaction which is the process
of fire.

Extinguishing

methods:

To

stop

combustion reaction, one of the three

elements of the fire-triangle has to be
removed:

Suppression

of

the

Combustible

Material (Fuel)
Suppression of the Activation Energy
(Heat)

Fuel Source
Ordinary combustibles
chemical powder
(e.g. trash, wood,
paper, cloth)

Class of Fire
A

Extinguishing Agent

Water; chemical foam; dry

Flammable liquids
chemical powder
(e.g. oil, grease, tar,
gasoline, thinners
paints

Carbon dioxide (CO2); dry

Electricity
(e.g. live electrical
equipment)

CO2; dry chemical powder

Combustible metals
specific
(e.g. magnesium,
titanium)

Dry powder (suitable for the

aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)

combustible metal involved)

Water: The most well-known and by far

the most used extinguishing agent.
Water is available almost everywhere,
it is cheap, it cools the best, it is
extremely easy to handle and it is
completely safe.
Water cant be used on certain type of
fires such as Electrical fires,
Hydrocarbon fires Metal fires , Fat fires
.

Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide is a nonflammable

oxygen

gas

element

that
of

takes
the

away

fire

the

triangle.

Without oxygen, there is no fire.

CO2 is very cold as it comes out of the
extinguisher,
so itinvented
cools theas
fuel
well
Foam: Foam was
a as
way
to
retain

the

excellent

extinguishing

properties of water but to eliminate its

Dry

Chemical

Powder:

Dry

chemical

extinguishers put out fire by coating the

fuel with a thin layer of dust. This
separates the fuel from the oxygen in
the air.
The powder also works to interrupt the
chemical reaction of fire.
Mono

ammonium

phosphate,

sodium

bicarbonate, are commonly used as dry

The stages of fire :

Stage 1:
Ignition - This is the only stage
at which a fire extinguisher can
be used safely, when the flame
is relatively small

Stage 2:
Critical areas

Fire begins to engulf large

and

huge

amount

of

extinguishing agent is required to put it

out.

Only

sophisticated

sprinkler

systems will prove useful at this point

Stage 3:
Blaze - By now the fire is out of control. It
can only be put out with thousands of
liters of extinguishing agent. Only a fire
brigade might be able to tackle it. Not so
much to put out the fire, but to prevent it
from spreading to neighboring properties.

What to do in case of fire ?

102

Call 102

What to do, if your clothing catches

fire ?

How to escape from the smoke &

How to prevent smoke from
entering the room ?

Case Study of Some

Important Fire Incidents

Some Devastating Fire Incident

in Dhaka City

BSEC Building Fire, 26 Feb, 2007 Dead 03, Injured 55

Some Devastating Fire Incident

in Dhaka City

Bashundhara City Fire 13 March, 2009,

35

Dead 07, Injured

Classification of Fire
Class of Fire

Description

A class

Fire involving solid materials such as

wood, paper or textiles.

B class

Fire involving flammable liquids such as

petrol, diesel or oils.

C class

Fire involving gases.

D class

Fire involving Metal.

K class

Hot oil Fire

Fire Detection System

Smoke & Heat Detector
Break Glass Station
Fire panel board
Fire bell

Fire Protection System

Types of fire Extinguisher

1) CO2 type
2) Dry chemical Powder type
3) Foam Chemical
4) Dry Powder

Prevent Safety Solutions

www.preventbd.com

Colour code
1) Water type (Red)
2) CO2 type (Black)
3) Dry chemical Powder type (Blue)
4) Foam Chemical (Cream)

Extinguishers

Water Type

CO 2 Type

DCP Type

Foam Type

Colour code standardization as per British

Standard

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Dry Chemical Powder

CO2

DRY CHEMICAL POWDER

STUCTURE:

It is made of mild steel

Explosive pressure :7000 bar

Testing pressure :5000 bar

Discharging duration:12- 15
Second.

Shooting range : 4.5 m.

Chemical:
- Chellate powder 45%,
- Bitumen 45 % and
- Sodium strait 10%.

Fire Rating : 12-15 second.

CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

STRUCTURE:
It is made of mild steel.
Explosive pressure :7000 bar
Testing pressure :5000 bar
Working pressure :14 bar
Shooting range :4.5meter
Discharging duration:12-15 Second
Refilling heat and pressure:71.1
Degree and 31.1 bar.
Chemical: only Co2 gas.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER
(CYLINDER)

DRY POWDER CHEMICAL

MANOMETER

FIRE EXTINGUISHER VALVE

TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

DRY CHEMICAL POWDER

METER TYPE

ORDINARY

CONSTRACTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

CARTIDGE AND CYLINDER

CHEMICAL POWDER

Fire Cart / Fire Point

Fire Warden Shoes
Search light
Helmet
Breathing apparatus
Whistle
Blanket
Musk
Cutter
Fire Dress
Stretcher
Flag
Fire Extinguisher
Water drum
First Aid Box
Fire Hook

Check list for Fire Extinguishers set-up

Are the Extinguishers suitable for the purpose?
Are the Extinguishers visible or does their position need indicating?
Are their enough Extinguishers sited throughout the premises?
Are the right types of Extinguishers located closed to the fire
hazard?
Can the user get to them without exposing themselves to risk?
Have you taken steps to prevent the misuse of extinguishers?
Do you check the pressure?
Are those who test & maintain the equipment competent to do so?
Setting height-1 meter for (larger extinguisher) and 1.5 meter (for
smaller one) to the level of handle
Availability -1XDCP 6kg. For 90 square meter floor space & less
than 30 meter travel distance

EMERGENCY PLAN
Communications
General employees action
Telephone operators action
CFWs action
Fire wardens action
Command post
Assemble Point

Fire Warden
Fire
Fighting Party

FW
Rescue
Party

First Aid
Party

Fire warden role in emergency

Fire fighting with the existing fire fighting equipment
Rescue & search
Sweeping of the premises
Guidance on leave the building
Shutting down vital or dangers equipment
First Aid
Liaising with the fire and rescue service on arrival
Performing a supervisory/managing role.
Taken the charge at the assemble area
Roll call

General Employees action (Dos)

Know / familiarize with your premises
Know / familiarize with your fire safety
facilities Remain calm
Call your emergency number
Feel every door before you open it
Follow the exit sign
Leave building by the nearest exit
If you trapped in smoke then crawl

If your clothes catch

fire, stop, drop and roll

Use stair

Report to the assemble point

Fire action (Donts)

General Employees
Do not shout Fire Fire.

Do not waste time gathering

valuables
Do not use elevator.
Do not enter a smoke filled area
alone, or without protection.
Do not re enter until told it is safe
to do so

Chief fire wardens role in general

situation
Prepare the fire emergency policy
Discuss with the management & approval
Prepare evacuation map
Formation of fire warden
Conduct specialized training for fire warden
Conduct basic fire fighting training for general employees
Conduct periodical fire drill
Identify the fire hazards in the premises
Liaison with local fire brigade hospitals & law enforcement agencies
Maintenance of fire equipments
Understanding the local fire safety law & its implementation

Fire warden duties in General

situation
Providing clear and relevant information to general employees
Inform non-employees, such as temporary or contract workers,
visitors about fire safety procedures
Consider the presence of any dangerous substances
Establish suitable means of contacting fire service
Provide appropriate training & instruction to general employees
Maintenance of fire equipments
Key role in fire drill
Keeping records

How to Operate a Fire

Extinguisher
1) P - Pull the safety lock or safety pin
2) A - Aim at the base of fire
3) S - Squeeze the handle
4) S - Sweep the Hose Pipe

How to Operate Fire Hose Reels

Use of Fire Blanket