Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Subhabrata Biswas
Contents
Wireless phones
Digital exchanges
ISUP, ISDN, R2MF, TUP
VoIP
IN
Vendor specific versions
CAMEL
Used in GSM networks
WIN
Used in CDMA networks
Roamware Proprietary and Confidential
Routing Table
Routing table
Numbering plan analysis
Digit analysis
Left to right analysis and resolution
Route selection
Trunk selection
Circuit selection
Switch
Voice trunks
Voice trunks
Signaling
channel
Signaling
channel
Call Model
MO call model
Pre-paid/post-paid
Roaming/local subscriber
Call capability check
Profile check
Value added applications
MO
MT call model
Roaming/non-roaming
Pre-paid/post-paid
Profile check
Call capability check
Value added applications
Routing decisions
Roamware Proprietary and Confidential
MT
Voice trunks
Voice trunks
Signaling
channel
Signaling
channel
Signaling
channel
Voice trunks
Signaling
channel
Cons
HPMN
Application
ISUP?
Not practical.
Switch
VPMN
Introducing IN
Fundamental requirements
Application should be able to control call progress
Application should be notified of call progress
Application should be able to interact with call
participants for better service
Application does not need voice trunks all the time
Application can be hosted on one or more computers
in a network
Application can be in a different network
The Essence of IN
Traditional Way
Intelligent Way
Introduce a new Feature
Fixed
Services
Fixed
Cellular
Introduce a new
Feature
Cellular
IN Basics
Service Switching Point (SSP) uses the help
of Service Control Point (SCP) for making call
handling decisions
A switch is an SSP
An application, e.g. a pre-paid system, is an SCP
Voice trunks
Voice trunks
Signaling
channel
Signaling
channel
IN Messages
Detection Points
DP #
What it means
DP #
What it means
DP 1
DP 12
DP 2
Collected information
DP 3
Analyzed information
DP 4
DP 5
DP 13
DP 6
O-No answer
DP 14
T-No answer
DP 7
O-Answer
DP 15
T-Answer
DP 8
O-Mid call
DP 16
T-Mid call
DP 9
O-Disconnect
DP 17
T-Disconnect
DP 10
O-Abandon
DP 18
T-Abandon
The provision of Detection Points (DPs) is required in the ISUP basic call
handling in order to access IN functionality and to allow IN service logic
influence the processing of IN calls. The detection points (DPs) indicate
points in call (PICs) at which transfer of control can occur.
Pros
Protocol on top of SCCP
Very lightweight in terms of signaling
Cons
ETSI standard has not been used widely
Too many vendor specific protocols/versions
Made communication across operators impossible
Introducing CAMEL
Evolving protocol
Every version is called a phase
Networks worldwide are at different phases
Roamware Proprietary and Confidential
SSP
HLR
GMSC
Initial DP
RRB / CONTINUE
SCP
VPMN
HPMN
B Party
)
ssed
e
r
p
p
o t su
n
I
S
t-C
SRI (
D ata
t-CSI
HLR
GMSC
RR
B
In
iti
/C
ON
TI
al
NU
DP
HPMN
SCP
B Party
Cons
Requires CAMEL roaming relationship between
operators
Adoption is very slow
CAMEL phase 3 has been adopted by a handful
of operators
Networks Today
Questions?
Thank you!
Email : subhabrata.biswas@roamware.com