6IBM

Disaster Risk Management in the
Information Age
ICT, Disaster Risk Assessment, Mitigation, and Reduction
Transforming the Business of
Public Safety & Security
Andrew S. Levy
IBM Corporate Service Corps Fellow
andrew.levy@us.ibm.com
2008 IBM Corporation.
Overview
Disasters Happen Corporate Response
Lessons Learned From a Developing Region
Technical Maturity
Collaboration and Web 2.0
Plans, Information Requirements and Sources
Modeling and Simulation
Technology Vision and Integrated Solutions
Enterprise Services / SOA Framework
Case Studies / Client Examples
Questions
Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security
Slide 2
2008 IBM Corporation
IBM has a tradition of responding whenever theres a

disaster, whenever theres a significant occurrence in one
of the communities where we live and work. Thats part
of being a good corporate citizen and also leverages
IBMs most fundamental assets technology and the
incredible skills and volunteerism of our employees.
Robin Willner
Vice President
IBM Global Community Initiatives
Slide 3
Sahana Disaster Management System

Free & Open Source (LAMP) application from community led by
Lanka Software Foundation, Sri Lanka
Modules include Organization registry, Request Management
system, Shelter registry, Missing Persons registry, etc.
IBM has deployed Sahana in collaboration with Lanka Software
Foundation in recent disaster response efforts:
Earthquake in Pakistan (August 2005)

Earthquake in Peru (August 2007)
Earthquake in Sichuan province, China (May 2008)
Flooding in Bihar State, India (August 2008)
Slide 4
Mitigation and Reduction Requires Training and Exercise
Slide 5
With Focus on Cultural Awareness, Environment and Change
Slide 6
ICT Can Be Core To The Solution, But Creates Challenges

Effective public safety incident response and management
requires coordination and information sharing in the field
among multiple responder agencies. Non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) and commercial enterprises face similar
challenges when major disruptive or catastrophic incidents occur.
Incident response and scene management is often hampered by
the inability of mobile responders from different organizations to
communicate.
Major highway traffic incidents
Train or aircraft crashes
Extreme weather events

Earthquakes
Multi-alarm fires
Hazardous materials spills
Hostage situations
Terrorist attacks
Contagious disease outbreaks
Slide 7
Solutions Include Instant Collaboration and Web 2.0

Instant Collaboration Solutions enable secure
interoperability among government and commercial
incident response organizations by providing the following
functions to both mobile and office-based personnel
Text messaging
Access to federated data sources
Basic incident management
Low total cost of ownership (TCO)
Minimal impact upon existing IT investments
Translating out-dated technology into business value
Open, scalable, modular Web-based architecture

Extensive use of commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS)
Solid security with role-based authorization
Custom design, integration, delivery and support
One-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many communications over various
networks and end-user devices
Slide 8
Secure Wireless Infrastructure System

On demand solution deployable at short notice, regardless of location
Key in Disaster Recovery plan after a natural event or terrorist attack
Enables Emergency Services to manage and coordinate their
response effectively
Provides an On-Demand high speed data network to remote locations
or during crisis where local communications are non existent or have
been temporarily impaired
Wide Area Reach back to the Internet and/or
Agency Intranet
Wireless Local Area connectivity for onsite
Servers, Laptops and handheld devices
Secure Voice Services
Support for legacy protocols and data services
Exportable End-to-End encryption
Slide 9
Technology can provide critical information far

beyond traditional monitoring for a wide range of
practical usage, with flexibility and control.
Information is useful before,
during, and after a reported
incident or response.
Awareness of conditions reported,
developing, or to be monitored
Response with tactical video
information to augment radio
communications
Speeds Investigation after a
reported incident
Evidence to support prosecution,
with strict security and chain of
custody increased conviction
rates, reduces litigation claims
Effective Decisions
to Reach Virtually Anywhere
to Work Smarter
Tools that Matter
Slide 10
Dynamic, Living Plans

Plans in the form of
static documents are
ineffective
Plans must be
maintained as
evolving, actionable
information
environments
Planning environment
must transition
seamlessly into
command and control
environment
Multi-Agency Coordination
Slide 11
Key Challenge - Information is Scattered
Law
Enforcement
Data Exchanges
Criminal Justice,
Corrections Agencies
Regional
Centers of
Operations
Information
Requirements
Fire Dept,
Early Responders,
Other Disciplines
Federal,
Regional,
Homeland
Security
Slide 12
Enabling the Possibilities
We must collect, integrate, and analyze the scattered pieces of

data and information required to assemble the big picture
Slide 13
Modeling and Simulation

Deep Thunder Forecasts for
Weather-Sensitive Operations
Problem: weather-sensitive business
operations are often reactive to short-term (3
to 36 hours), local conditions (city, county,
state) due to unavailability of appropriate
predicted data at this scale
Energy, transportation, agriculture, insurance,
broadcasting, sports, entertainment, tourism,
construction, communications, emergency planning and
security warnings
Solution: application of reliable, affordable,

weather models for predictive & proactive
decision making & operational planning
Numerical weather forecasts coupled to business
processes
Products and operations customized to business
problems
Competitive advantage -- efficiency, safety, security and
economic & societal benefit
Slide 14
Networked Video - Wide Range of potential

placements of Networked Video for Public Safety
Streets, Roadways, Public
Spaces
Effective
Information
Schools
Buses
Command
Personnel
Public Safety Vehicles
Slide 15
IBM developed innovative camera enclosures and installations
Network Edge Kit

Flexibility in configuration,
upgrades, visibility and
maintenance
Camera and sensors are
independent of communications
equipment and can be remotely
mounted
Upgrade to wireless: WiFi or Mesh
Antenna mounted with either
camera or communications
Slide 16
Who is Who?
Recognizes the single identity who is made up of multiple records
Mr. Joseph Carbella

55 Church Street
New York, NY 10007
Tel#: 212-693-5312
DOB: 07/08/66
SID#: 068588345
DL#: 544 210 836
Mr. Joey Carbello

555 Church Ave
New York, NY 10070
Tel#: 212-693-5312
DL#: 544 210 836
PPN#: 086588345
Mr. Joe Carbello

1 Bourne St
Clinton MA 01510
TEL#: 978-365-6631
DL#: 544 210 836
DOB: 07/09/66
Mr. Joe Jones

APT 4909
Bethesda, MD 20814
Tel#: 978-365-6631
DOB: 09/07/66
Close match
Exact match
Slide 17
Integration on the Glass
Role Based
Operations
Planning
Personalization
Customization
Incident
Management
Security
Mapping
People
Finder
Navigation
Single Sign On
Live Feeds
Collaboration
Slide 18
Situational Awareness
and Collaboration
Real-time video with captions
Awareness
Overview
Overview
Live chat
Live video feeds
See cameras on map
Slide 19
ISV Services
Geo Spatial
& Situational
Awareness
Services
(ESRI
Corp)
Radio
Connect
Services
(KITS Corp)
Service
Planning &
Preparedness
Services
(Virtual Agility
Corp)
Service
Incident
Management
Services
(NC4 Corp)
Service
Service
Mass
Alert
Notification
Services
(Amatra
Corp)
Network
Services
(CISCO
Corp)
Service
Service
School
Planning
Services
(SafePlans
Corp)
Decision Support
Services
(ThoughtWeb
Corp)
Radio
&
System
Technologies
(Motorola
Corp)
Service
Service
3D Digital
Building
Services
(Archaio Corp)
Service
Service
Enterprise Service Bus
Service
Service
Discovery
Services
Service
Enterprise
Service
Management
Services
Service
Messaging
Services
Service
Mediation
Services
Service
Collaboration
Services
(Video Conf,
Chat,
Whiteboard etc.)
Service
Security
Services
(Secure Access,
TIM, TAM,
Single Sign On,
DataPower)
SOA Foundation Accelerator
Common Enterprise Services Enabled by IBM SOA

Slide 20
Case Study: Child Abduction

4 year old male abducted while he was with a
babysitter and his mother was at work. The former
babysitter came by and took the child claiming she
had permission from the mother.
Without Crime Information
Warehouse
Full Court Press: Police establish a
task force and initiate investigative
canvasses
the hours pass
With Crime Information Warehouse

Prior to initiating a full court press the
squad detective calls for assistance.
The suspects id is entered in the
system, which produces 7 names, 7
addresses, 3 DOBs, & 6 SS numbers.
Investigators easily find common
denominator and locate the child and
the suspect.
Slide 21
Connecting the Dots on 9 Holdups in 4 Boroughs

- New York Times; November 12, 2006
9 robbery incidents across 4 boroughs hold ups miles apart a clever strategy
3 robbers; rental car,
2 chrome plated handguns,
Always a mapped escape route
Faces covered with stockings and masks.
Citywide patterns across boroughs were
hard to detect. Weve had incidents
where its taken time, more time, to
identify a citywide pattern, said Police
Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly.
The Last Robbery: The men fled the CVS, an
employee called 911,and an alert was sent out
across the police radio.
Teams of detectives were waiting for them.
The robbers got tangled in their predictable
pattern.
Theychargeduswithallthoserobberies,buttheycaughtuswithone,Mr.Belconsaid.
Slide 22
Comprehensive, highly relevant, instantaneous

information transforming the way we solve crimes
Information in context, in the hands of detectives, at the scene
Shorty
Relationships
of Interest
(a nickname)
(a tatoo)
Previous
Arrests
Suspect 1
Positive ID
Known
Addresses
Recent
Summons
Parolees
In Vicinity
Suspect 2
Positive ID
Arrests & Linkage to Crimes

in Other Precincts
Slide 23
Operation Golden Guardian 2007

(ARNORTH & State of California EMA)
Disaster Preparedness Challenge
Achieve interoperability and synchronization between 45 public
agencies to include the US Army (ARNORTH) and the California
State and Local Emergency Response Agencies and Command
Centers.
Benefits
Deploy response capabilities

Locate resources
Improve planning capabilities
Develop training scenarios
Improve accuracy
Provide timely decision support
Develop contingency plans
Manage field data in real time
Both ARNORTH and California participating agencies wanted a

common operating picture that showed a fused common operating
picture across agency lines so that agencies could see the big
picture - :On one sheet of music.
Project Overview
Industry: Government
Solution: Virtual Operations Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name:
Public Safety and Security
Key Business Processes: Planning & Preparedness, Incident
Management & Collaboration Enterprise Services for State and
County Wide Governments
Location: California State (4 Locations)
Facts: San Diego, San Francisco, other
System Facts: 200+ concurrent users responsible for
Government man-made and natural disaster management.
Slide 24
Gauteng Disaster Management Center
South Africa
GERIS Gauteng Emergency Information Resource Services
Business Challenge
Benefits
The Gauteng Province is exposed to an array of

hazards that can threaten livelihoods and damage
critical infrastructures. The Province will also be
hosting the 2010 FIFA World Cup Games.
The local government needed a real time Common Operating
Picture and interoperability for its command center and officers in
the field to prepare for emergencies and support emergency
operations
Deploy response capabilities

Locate resources
Improve planning capabilities
Develop training scenarios
Improve accuracy
Provide timely decision support
Develop contingency plans
Manage field data in real time
Project Overview
Solution: I3 Framework Virtual Operations
Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name: Public
Safety and Security
Key Business Processes: Planning &
Preparedness, Incident Management &
Collaboration Enterprise Services for State
and County Wide Governments
Location: South Africa, Province of Gauteng
Facts: Largest cities Johannesburg and Pretoria, Population
9,688,100
System Facts: 200 concurrent users responsible for Government
man-made and natural disaster management.
Slide 25
State of Missouri
United States
MERIS Missouri Emergency Resource Information System
Business Challenge
Public Safety Needs: Incident Management, Resource Tracking,

Communications, Asset Request Processing for:
Local City Public Safety Officials
Local County Public Safety Officials
All State Agencies
Private Support Organizations
All Hazards & Disciplines: Police, Fire Emergency, Medical,
HAZMAT, Intelligence, Public Health & Pandemic
Project Overview
Benefits
Geo-mapping options with a
Event management
network link to a GIS data
regardless of scope and
warehouse encompassing geoscale
A common operating picture data and aerial photography of
the entire state
Support for private and
public resource and asset Templates for planning,
operations, resources, finance
management functions
and intelligence functions
Integrated credentialing
Reports for current situation to

tools
include real-time weather and
Minimization of redundant
weather forecasting tools
data input
Solution: I3 Framework Virtual Operations
Center (VOC) Solution SBS Name: Public
Safety and Security
Key Business Processes: Planning &
Preparedness, Incident Management &
Collaboration Enterprise Services for State
and County Wide Governments
Location: United States, State of Missouri
Facts: Population 5,842,713. 114 counties and one independent
city (St Louis).
System Facts: 400-600 concurrent Users, High Availability Clustered Failover Design, NIMS compliant
Slide 26
Best Practices and Lessons Learned

Networked security technologies significantly improve operational efficiency
and reduce cost
The days of standalone solutions are history
The business requirements and the existing assets and infrastructure should
drive the design
Re-use or additional functionality that can be done with current assets
Integration and interoperability are operational necessities
Think across organizational boundaries
With what existing systems will you need to integrate?
SOA?
With what other agencies or systems will you need to share information?
Think long term
There will be changes; how can you prepare so that they can be made
with minimal impact on your operations? Who will host?
How will the systems be supported and maintained and at what cost?
Slide 27
Additional Information
Andrew S. Levy
IBM Corporate Service Corps Fellow
andrew.levy@us.ibm.com
citizencorps.blogspot.com
Reaching over
13,000 people in
over 1,400 cities in
over 75 countries in
12 months.
www-03.ibm.com/industries/government/doc/jsp/indseg/all/f/index.jsp?re=gihome67gov
Slide 28

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Disaster Risk Management in the

2008 IBM Corporation.

IBM has a tradition of responding whenever theres a

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Sahana Disaster Management System

Earthquake in Pakistan (August 2005)

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Mitigation and Reduction Requires Training and Exercise

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

With Focus on Cultural Awareness, Environment and Change

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

ICT Can Be Core To The Solution, But Creates Challenges

Extreme weather events

Contagious disease outbreaks

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Solutions Include Instant Collaboration and Web 2.0

Translating out-dated technology into business value

Open, scalable, modular Web-based architecture

Secure Wireless Infrastructure System

Technology can provide critical information far

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Dynamic, Living Plans

Key Challenge - Information is Scattered

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Enabling the Possibilities

We must collect, integrate, and analyze the scattered pieces of

Modeling and Simulation

Solution: application of reliable, affordable,

Networked Video - Wide Range of potential

IBM developed innovative camera enclosures and installations

Network Edge Kit

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Mr. Joseph Carbella

Mr. Joey Carbello

Mr. Joe Carbello

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Mr. Joe Jones

Integration on the Glass

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Real-time video with captions

Live video feeds

See cameras on map

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Enterprise Service Bus

SOA Foundation Accelerator

Common Enterprise Services Enabled by IBM SOA

Case Study: Child Abduction

With Crime Information Warehouse

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Connecting the Dots on 9 Holdups in 4 Boroughs

Comprehensive, highly relevant, instantaneous

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Arrests & Linkage to Crimes

Operation Golden Guardian 2007

Deploy response capabilities

Both ARNORTH and California participating agencies wanted a

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

Gauteng Disaster Management Center

GERIS Gauteng Emergency Information Resource Services

The Gauteng Province is exposed to an array of

Deploy response capabilities

Transforming the Business of Public Safety & Security

MERIS Missouri Emergency Resource Information System

Public Safety Needs: Incident Management, Resource Tracking,