PRESENTATION ON

GROUP TECHNOLOGY

PREPARED BY CHINTAN SHAH

(06DME027)

WHAT IS GROUP TECHNOLOGY

Group Technology is a manufacturing philosophy in

which the parts having similarities (Geometry ,
manufacturing process and/or function) are grouped
together to achieve higher level of integration
between the design and manufacturing function of a
firm.
AIM
To reduce work-in-progress
Improve delivery performance by reducing lead
times.

WHAT IS GROUP TECHNOLOGY

Group

Technology is an engineering and

manufacturing methodology that group
the parts together based on their
similarities in order to achieve economies
of scale in job & batch production system.

It

is the technique for manufacturing

small to medium lot size batches of parts
of similar process, geometry, size &
shape.

 GT

is based on general principle that many

problems are similar and by grouping
similar problem a single solution can be
found to a set of problem thus saving time
& effort.

The

group of similar part is known as PART

FAMILY

The

group of machinery used to process

an individual part family is known as
MACHINE CELL

GROUP LAYOUT WHERE MACHINE ARE ARRANGED AS PER PROCESS

Lathe m/c

Drilling m/c

Grinding m/c

Milling m/c

Drilling m/c

Assembly

Milling m/c

Grinding m/c

Assembly

Assembly

METHOD OF GROUP CLASSIFICATION

Visual

Inspection
Classification & Coding
Production Flow analysis.

Visual Inspection
In this method are classified on the basis
of visual judgment. It involves arranging
the parts into families by visually
examining the physical parts or their
photographs. It is achieved by
photographing parts using scale and
sorting into classes by eye.
This method is carried out by experts.
This is an inexpensive & less Accurate
method.

Classification & Coding

Coding

is define as process of
allocating symbol to the parts. The
symbol represent design
characteristics of parts ,
manufacturing attributes or both

Classification

is the process dividing

the set of parts into part family.

There are 3 construction method for

code.

Mono code
2. Poly code
3. Mix or Hybrid code.
1.

 Mono

code :
It means the interpretation of each
succeeding symbol depends upon the
value of the proceeding symbol
Here the first group indicates the major
groups such as casted part , machined
part , sheet metal parts etc. The second
digit may indicates the shape of parts
such as rotational , rectangular etc.
The main benefit of this type of method
is that it provides large information in a
short code.

POLYCODE

This is a fixed position code where each

class has a fixed position and code
independent of other classes.

This is most suitable method when

manufacturing processes have to be
described.

Interpretation of different
code
Code

Interpretation

1
2

Material
Material shape

3
4

Material chemistry
Production quantity

Surface finish

Tolerance

Machine element orientation

Mixed or hybrid code

Combinatation of mono code & poly code

There are 3 types of part classification &

coding system which are mostly use by
organization.
Optiz classification system
MICLASS system
Code system

1.
2.
3.

Optiz classification system

Form

code :
it define design attributes such
as part geometry , dimensions & features.
This are first 5 codes 12345
Supplementary code :
this are describe
manufacturing attributes such as
information related to raw material ,
tolerance , surface finish & accuracy. This
are represented after form code by next 4
digit 6789

 Secondary

code :
This are use to identify the
production process & sequence. This
are denoted by 4 alphabets ABCD

MICLASS SYSTEM
This

type of part classification & coding method

helps to automate & standardize no of design ,
manufacturing & management function.
It name stands for metal institute classification
system.
It consist of 12 to 30 digit. the first 12 digit are
standard & can be use for any part & other 18
digit can be use as per requirement of company

INTERPRETATION OF DIFFERENT DIGIT

DIGITS
1
2,3
4
5,6
7
8
9 , 10
11 ,12

INTERPRETATION
Main shape
Shape element
Position of shape
Element
Main dimensions
Dimension ratio
Auxiliary dimension
Tolerance code & Material code

Production Flow analysis

It

is used to eliminate all necessary

routes , or material flow paths , in
order to find out the simplest
material system.
In this method route sheet is used to
find out the sequence of operation to
be carried out on different machine
tool

MACHINE CELL DESIGN

The

concept of GT can be implemented

effectively in cellular manufacturing which
consists of one or more manufacturing or
machine cells.
Machine cell may be defined as a group of
closely located workstations where
multiple , sequential operation are
performed on one or more families of
similar raw material , parts , components ,
products or information carrrier.

ADVANTAGES OF GT.
Reduction

in number of drawings
Reduction in set up and production time
Improved machine loading
Reduces manufacturing lead time
Leads to automated process planning
Less material movement
Reduces change in set up
Better utilisation of tools and equipments
Less number of defects and rejections

LIMITATIONS
High

cost of implementation.
Rearranging of machine is very
difficult and time consuming process.
There are large number of group
technology codes.
It is not be suitable when very wide
varieties of product are
manufactured

THANK YOU