Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sixth Edition
Chapter 1
Business Information Systems:
An Overview
Objectives
Explain why information technology matters
Define digital information and explain why digital
systems are so powerful and useful
Explain why information systems are essential to
business
Describe how computers process data into useful
information for problem solving and decision
making
Identify the functions of different types of
information systems in business
Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition
Objectives (continued)
Describe careers in information technology
Identify major ethical and societal concerns
created by widespread use of information
technology
Data, Information,
and Information Systems
Data, information, and system are
commonly used terms
Important to understand their similarities and
differences
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Data Manipulation
Data is manipulated to make useful information
New information can be generated from data,
such as averages, trends, etc.
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Generating Information
Process: the manipulation of data
Usually produces information
May produce more data
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Information in Context
Not all information is useful
To be useful, information must be:
Relevant
Complete
Accurate
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What Is a System?
System: array of components that work together
to achieve goal or goals
System
Accepts input
Processes input
Produces output
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The Benefits of
Human-Computer Synergy
Humans are relatively slow and make mistakes
Computers cannot make decisions unless
programmed to do so
Synergy: combining resources to produce
output that exceeds the sum of outputs of the
separate resources by themselves
Human-computer combination allows human
thought to be translated into efficient processing
of data
Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition
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The Benefits of
Human-Computer Synergy (continued)
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Computer Equipment
for Information Systems
Different technologies are used to support the
four data processing functions:
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Computer Equipment
for Information Systems (continued)
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Customer Relationship
Management Systems
Customer relationship management (CRM)
systems: systems for managing relations with
customers
Used in combination with telephones to provide
customer service
Often linked to Web applications that track online
transactions
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Information Systems
in Business Functions
Functional business area: services within a
company that support main business
Includes accounting, finance, marketing, and
human resources
Part of a larger enterprise system
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Accounting
Accounting information systems:
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Finance
Finance systems:
Facilitate financial planning and business
transactions
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Marketing
Marketings purpose is to pinpoint likely customers
and promote products
Marketing information systems:
Analyze demand for products in regions and
demographic groups
Identify trends in demand for products/services
Help analyze how advertising campaigns affect
profit
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Human Resources
Human resource management systems aid
record-keeping
Must keep accurate records
Aids recruiting, selection, placement, benefits
analysis, requirement projections
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Web-Empowered Enterprises
E-commerce: buying and selling goods and
services through Internet
Internet is a vast network of computers
connected globally
Web has a profound impact on information
systems
An emerging advertising medium
A place to conduct e-commerce
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Systems Analyst
Systems analyst:
Researches, plans, and recommends software and
systems choices
Responsible for developing cost analyses, design
considerations, implementation timelines, and
feasibility studies
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Database Administrator
Database administrator (DBA): responsible for
databases and data warehouses
Develops and acquires database applications
Must adhere to federal, state, and corporate
regulations to protect privacy of customers and
employees
Responsible for securing the database
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Network Administrator
Network administrator: acquires, implements,
manages, maintains, and troubleshoots
networks
Implements security
Firewalls
Access codes
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System Administrator
System administrator: manages an
organizations computer operating systems
Must ensure that operating systems work
together, support business requirements, and
function properly
Responsible for backup and recovery, adding and
deleting user accounts, performing system
upgrades
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Webmaster
Webmaster: creates and maintains Web site
Must be familiar with Web transaction software,
payment-processing software, security software
Manages both the intranet and extranet
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Summary
Computer-based information systems pervade
almost every aspect of our lives
A system is a set of components that work
together to achieve a common goal
Subsystem: a system performs a limited task
that produces an end result, which must be
combined with other products from other
systems to reach an ultimate goal
Data processing has four stages
Management Information Systems, Sixth Edition
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Summary (continued)
Any IS that helps in management is a
management information system (MIS)
Many different types of MIS
Enterprise application systems (SCM or ERP) tie
together different functional areas of a business
ISs are used in many business functions,
including accounting, finance, marketing, and
human resources
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Summary (continued)
The job prospects for IT professionals are bright
IT has created societal concerns regarding
privacy, identity theft, spam, and Web
annoyances
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