The 8 Ms

of
Teaching

Milieu: The Learning

Environment
The Learning Environment
Milieu is the environment of learning.
Since learning is to be learned as
specified in the instructional objective.
The teacher should make sure that the
minimum standard or level of
proficiency is attained by the class
before moving onto the next lesson or
unit.

Matter: The
Subject Content

Matter refers to the

content of learning or what
is to be learned as
specified in the
instructional objective. The
teacher should aim the
mastery of every lesson.

METHOD: Teaching Learning

Strategies
Method is known as teaching
learning strategy. This consist of
purposeful, planned activities and
tasks that are undertaken by the
teacher and students in the
classroom to bring about the
intended instructional objective.
Method and Strategy therefore is
only a means to an end, never end
in itself. Strategy is deemed good
or effective only it brings about the
desired
learning
outcome.
Furthermore, an objective maybe
achieve using different strategies

TYPOLOGY OF TEACHING STRATEGIES

ACCORDING TO LEARNING OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
SUGGESTED STRATEGY
Initiating a lesson
Teacher talk, recitation,
building concepts,
question and answer
clarifying/ strengthening
students ideas
Showing students how to
do things, skill building

Demonstration (show
and do) practice, drill

Applying ideas

Problem solving project

Effecting/changing
attitudes appreciations,
ideals

Role-playing, sociodrama, simulation,

games

Inquiring-discovering

Laboratory experiment,
observation, recording

Hypothesizing,

Scientific method

Giving security,
developing sense of
belonging

Group study, group work

Getting ideas, eliciting

students participation
and involvement

Brainstorming, buzz
session, socialized
recitation

Motivating inducing self

activity

Independent study,
research programmed
learning

Guiding or directing
students work

Controlled, guided class

discussion

Adjusting, directing or
assuaging feelings and
emotions

Case study method

Developing critical or

Debate, panel discussion,

Fostering community
involvement, direct
exposure to reality

Educational or
exposure trips,
realias, talk
by/interview of
resource, persons,
community survey,
community projects

Synthesizing,
integrating,
evaluating,
measuring learning
outcomes

Achievement testing,
oral testing

DETERMINERS

CRITERIA
A
B

Learners

Appropriate?
Effective?

Learning Objectives

Adequate?
Efficient?

Teacher

Adopt?
Economical?

Materials: The Resources of Learning

Material
refers
to
the
resources
available
to
the
teacher and learner which serve
as stimuli
in the teaching
learning situation. A material of
learning may be either a human
person or a physical object.

Reality
Real
World

Direct
experience

Representatio
n

Reproduction

Abstraction

Media: Communication in Teaching

and Learning
Media pertains to the
communication system in the
teaching-learning situation. Such
communication serves a dual purpose:
to promote common understanding in
instruction and to set and maintain a
healthy psychological climate in the
classroom conducive to learning.

 A teacher should make an effort to

use language efficiently and
effectively.
A teacher should keep in mind the
principle of parsimony in the use of
language.

Motivation: Arousing and

Sustaining Interest in
Learning
Motivation is a cardinal
principle in learning. A learner
will learn only those things he
wants to learn.

Mastery: The Be-all and Endall of Learning

Mastery means the

internalization of learning and

resulting in automatic or habitual
change in behavior through
meaningful repetition and
application.

Stage 1: Unconscious
Conscious

Stage 3:

Incompetence (UI)
Incompetence ( CI)

Stage 4: Unconscious
Conscious
Competence (UC)
Competence ( CC)

Stage 4:

 The circle of Learning has four stages

Stage 1: Stage of Unconscious Incompetence
On this stage, the individual does not know at all.
Stage 2: Stage of Unconscious Incompetence
The teachable moment.
Stage 3:Stage of Conscious Competence
The learner gets instruction from a teacher who
explains what is to be learned (content)and shows
him how (coaching).
Stage 4: Stage of Unconscious Competence
The learner reached the level of complete
mastery.

How is Mastery achieved

in the teaching-learning
situation?

The formula used for the mastery

principle in learning is as
follows:
M= f (TD,SA/TS)

The Rule in teaching and

Learning
TEACHER DIRECTION
(1/4 of instructional time)
Explanation which includes:
Motivation
presentation
Example ,through
demonstration
concrete examples

STUDENTS SELF-ACTIVITY
( of instructional time)
Time-on-task
Exercises, including
oral work
board work
seatwork
drill
homework

Measurement: Getting
Evidence of Learning
Measurement is the final element
in the teaching learning sequence.
It involves the systematic
collection of the evidence of
learning. Learning should result in
an overt change in behavior in
terms of new knowledge or skill,
attitude or value. It should be
measurable and visible.

Have a nice
day
Thank you!