Chapter 1

DUW1012 Occupational Safety & Health

INTRODUCTION TO
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND
HEALTH
LEGISLATION

COURSE Learning Outcomes

Understand the Occupational Safety and

Health

1. Identify the OSH

legislation and its
compliance in Malaysia.
Student must
be able to :

2. Explain briefly incident

hazards, risks and safe work
practices in order to maintain
health and safe work
environment.

3. Adhere to
the safety
procedures
in respective
fields.

4. Discuss
cooperatively in
responding to an
accident action at
workplace

LEARNING OUTCOME for chapter 1

CLO1 : Identify the OSH legislation and

its compliance in Malaysia

This topic will introduce the concepts and history of

occupational safety and health legislation and the
basic understanding on safety and accident.

What is Occupational safety and health?

Occupational safety and health is a discipline with

a broad scope involving many specialized fields.

OSH concept
SAFETY

ACCIDENT

INCIDENT

HAZARDS

Hazard : is any source of potential damage, harm or

adverse health effects on something or someone

under certain conditions at work
Risk : is the chance or probability that a person will

be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if

exposed to a hazard
Incident - undesired circumstance that produces

the potential for an accident

- is defined as an unplanned event that

results in personal injury or property damage.

Accident

OSH concept
SAFETY

ACCIDENT

INCIDENT

HAZARDS

1) RISK is manageable
2) REDUCE possibility of Accident thus reduce

casualties

1.2 History of OSH

LORD ROBENS British
Pengasas modern OSHA
Pencetus OSH-MS
1. Self Regulatory Legislation (1974)-UK
2. Quality Mngmnt Movement (1970) -Japan

1.2 History of OSH

Frank Bird (1970) Lost Control Theory
Load Roben (1974) OSHA at w/place (UK)

- Self-Reg Act UK (1974)

OSHA Australia-(1984)- simmillar as UK
OSHA Malaysia (1994) selepas Kejadian Bright
Sparcklers di Sungai Buluh -1992

SEJARAH PERUNDANGAN KKP DI

MALAYSIA (History)
10

The Selangor Boiler Enactment 1892

The Perak Boiler Enactment 1903
The Pahang Boiler Enactment 1908
The Negeri Sembilan Boiler Enactment 1908
Federal Machinery Enactment 1913
Machinery Ordinance 1953
Akta Kilang dan Jentera Akta 1967 (AKJ 1967)
Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994 (AKKP

1994)

Copyright@NIOSH 2005/1

KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN

PEKERJAAN 1994
11

Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan

1994 (AKKP 1994)

Skop Perundangan:

Melindungi keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerja di semua

sektor ekonomi

Copyright@NIOSH 2005/1

THE HISTORY OF BRIGHT SPARKLE

Afternoon of Tuesday, May 7, 1991 in

Sungai Buloh, Selangor.

Bright Sparkle Sdn. Bhd.
'Hiroshima Sg, Buloh
Explosion 200 tons of sulfur effects
Shaking up to seven kilometers from
the location of the tragedy.
Fireworks factory tragedy gave to the
country's history.

2. HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH
Act 514
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994

Regulations under OSHA 1994

Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health Officer) Order 1997
cupational Safety and Health (Prohibition of Use of Substance) Order 199

Guidelines

Code of practice

Carta aliran konsep keselamatan di tempat

kerja di Msia
Kerajaan Msia
Kementerian Sumber Manusia
Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan
Pekerjaan (DOSH)
NIOSH

OSHA

PENGUATKUASAAN
(ENFORCEMENT)
20

Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan

Pekerjaan (DOSH)
Di antara fungsi-fungsi:

Menguatkuasakan AKJ 1967 dan AKKP 1994

Menjalankan kerja galakan dan promosi
Mengkaji perundangan sedia ada
Memberi khidmat nasihat dan kepakaran
Menjadi sekretariat kepada Majlis Negara Bagi
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (National
Council for OSH)

Copyright@NIOSH 2005/1

NIOSH
National Institute Occupational safety and
Health
(Institut Keselamatan dan Kesihatan
Pekerjaan Negara)

NIOSH
menyediakan latihan dan penyelidikan bkaitan

keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan.

mengadakan kursus2 pendek.
menawarkan kursus latihan kepada industri.
menganjurkan kursus utk tingkatkan kemahiran
pekerja

Social Security Organization (SOCSO)

An organization set up to administer, enforce and

implement the Employees Social Security Act, 1969

and the Employees Social Security (General)
Regulation 1971.
Commonly known as Perkeso or Pertubuhan
Keselamatan Sosial in Malay term.
Employees with a monthly income of RM3000 and
below, along with their employees are required to
make contributions.

Role Social Security Organization (SOCSO)

Provide social security protection by social insurance

including medical, cash benefits, provision of

artificial aids and rehabilitation to employees to
reduce the sufferings.
Provides social security protection by social
insurance including medical and cash benefits
Provision of artificial aids and rehabilitation to
employees to reduce the suffering and provide
financial guarantees and protection to the family

25

Application of OSHA
26

Apply throughout Malaysia to the industries as follows (First Schedule )

Manufacturing;

Mining and Quarrying;

Construction;

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing;

Utilities such as Electricity, Gas, Water and sanitary Services;

Transport, Storage and Communication;

Wholesale and Retail Trades;

Hotels and Restaurants;

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services

Public Services and Statutory Authorities

OSH LAWS IN MALAYSIA

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA

94)
Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (FMA 67)
Electricity Supply Act 1990 (ESA 90)
Environment Quality Act 1974 (EQA 74)
Employees Social Security Act (SOCSO)

27

27

SCOPE OF OSHA 1994

Includes
ALL WORKING PERSONS
Except
ARMED FORCES
PERSONNEL
And
CREW OF MERCHANT
SHIPS

28

duty of care

Management and workers must cooperate

(EMPLOYER VS EMPLOYEE)

statutory requirements
the objective of Occupational Safety and Health 1994

(Act 514).
Employers responsibilities (Part IV, Section 15-19).
Employees responsibilities (Part VI, Section 24-27).
the objective of Factory and Machinery Act 1967

Objective of Occupational Safety and

Health 1994 (Act 514).
The objects of this Act are
(a) to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at
work against risks to safety or health arising out of the
activities of persons at work;
(b) to protect persons at a place of work other than persons
at work against risks to safety or health arising out of the
activities of persons at work;

Objective of Occupational Safety and

Health 1994 (Act 514).
The objects of this Act are
(c) to promote an occupational environment for persons at
work which is adapted to their physiological and
psychological needs;
(d) to provide the means whereby the associated
occupational safety and health legislations may be
progressively replaced by a system of regulations and
approved industry codes of practice operating in
combination with the provisions of this Act designed to
maintain or improve the standards of safety and health

Employers
responsibilities
(Part IV,
Section 15-19).

Employers
responsibilities
(Part IV,
Section 15-19).

Employers responsibilities (Part IV, Section 15-19).

Employers
responsibilities
(Part IV,
Section 15-19).

Employees
responsibilities
(Part VI,
Section 24-27)

Employees responsibilities (Part VI, Section

24-27)

Employees
responsibilities
(Part VI,
Section 24-27)

Objective of Factory and Machinery Act 1967

to provide for the control of factories on matters relating to

the safety, health and welfare of persons, and the registration

and inspection of machinery. Some high risk machinery such
as boilers, unfired pressure vessels, passenger lifts and other
lifting equipment such as mobile cranes, tower cranes,
passenger hoists, overhead traveling cranes and gondolas,
must be certified and inspected by DOSH.
All factories and general machinery must be registered with

DOSH before they can be installed and operated in Malaysia.

FINISH ..
CHAPTER 1

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

OSHA Coverage Activity

42

Covered by
OSHA?

Worker

YES

NO

1. Harry Adams, a miner at Below Ground

Inc.

YES

NO

2. Adrian Smith, one of 3 employees of

ABC landscaping.

YES

NO

3. Taylor Dell, an accountant in business

for herself.

YES

NO

4. Rob Jones, one of 10 carpenters

working for Woody, Inc.