History of Local Government Units in The Philippines

LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
HISTORY AND
BACKGROUND
LGC OF 1991
LOCAL POLITICS
HANNAH MARIE O. AGAS

MM-PM
LOCAL GOVT MGT
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
Local Government History and Background
I. Pre-Colonial Period
II. Spanish Period (1521-1898)
III. American Period (1898-1946)
IV. Post Colonization Period to Present
Local Government Code of 1991
Local Politics
Local Government History

and Background
From the Pre-Colonial Period to the Present Time
Post
Pre-
colonial
Present
Time
Colonization
Colonization
Period
1521-1898
1946 -present
Spanish
Period
American
Period
1898-1946
Barangay
Barangay
Barangay
Barangay
Pueblo
Alcaldia
Maura
Law of
1983
Barrio;
Centralized
Centralized
system
Barrio
Charter
Marcos
Dictatorship
Dictatorship
LGC of
1991
PRE-COLONIZATION PERIOD
The concept of barangay
BARANGAY
It
came from the word balangay which means

sailboat used by the Malays to migrate
(Migration theory)
Barangay originally referred to
a group of
boats and their passengers who migrated to
the Philippines
Each boat carried an entire family including
relatives, friends and slaves
After landing, the group founded a village
BARANGAY
Later
on, barangay came to mean a village

constituted by these settlers
Smallest form of community
Ruled by a datu (other books call them
Pangolo, Rajah, Hadji, Sultan, Gat or Lakan)
Datu is the chieftain of the barangay and is
the wealthiest person in the community
Members of the community are: datu, timawa
(maharlika less free), and alipin (saguiguilid
and namamahay)
BARANGAY
The datu of the barangay was the
village leader by inheritance, wealth
and/or physical prowess
He was lawmaker, judge and executive
Usually he was assisted in village
administration by a council of elderly
men (maginoo), mostly chiefs who had
retired due to infirmity or old age
His authority, largely autocratic, was
not used without consultation with the
village elders
BARANGAY
One
function of the barangay was

preservation of peace and mutual protection
from hostile inhabitants of other barangays
There were occasional confederations of
barangays, each governed by its own datu but
under the overall authority of the chief of the
largest or most prosperous barangay
BARANGAY
The
Philippines was said to be easily colonized

because of the lack of a centralized
government. Each barangay existed
independently of the other and the powers
that each datu enjoyed were confined only to
his own barangay. Spaniards took advantage
of this situation.
SPANISH PERIOD
(1521-1898)
BARANGAY
During
the early part of the Spanish regime,

the barangay organization was retained.
The datu remained its head but his powers
were nominal, restricted by both lay and
ecclesiastical authorities.
He became largely a figurehead to facilitate
the barangays cooperation with the Spanish
administration (esp tax collection)
BARANGAY
The
Spanish government used the datus to

protect their country
Datus became tax collectors, mere executors
of Spanish policy
Spanish administrators utilized existing local
social institutions for the formation of a highly
centralized; autocratic colonial regime
BARANGAY
Barangays
were consolidated into towns
(pueblos)
Later, the town was divided into barangays of
about 50 to 100 families each
cabeza de barangay chief
The position of the barangay chief was
hereditary and lifelong until in 1789 the
position was filled through election
CABEZA DE BARANGAY
Received
no salary but was exempted from

paying taxes and could appoint one or two
trustworthy assistants
Main duties were collecting village taxes and
maintaining law and order
The barangay was later called barrio (ward or
village) and the cabeza, Teniente del Barrio
(Barrio Lieutenant)
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
1)
2)
3)
Principalia noble class, composed of

gobernadorcillo or cabeza de barangay, can be
elected for public office and allowed to vote
Ilustrados Spanish for erudite, Filipino
educated class
Native Intellectuals
Indios
- usually Malays
Insulares - Spanish born in the Ph
Meztizos - mixed bloodline
Peninsulares - Spaniards born in Spain
PROVINCES (ALCALDIA)
The
Spaniards created local government units

to facilitate the countrys administration
Two types:
1.
2.
Alcaldia (fully subjugated) led by the alcalde

mayor assissted by a provincial council (junta
provincial)
Corregimientos (unpacified military zones)
headed by corregidores
PROVINCES (ALCALDIA)
Alcalde
mayors and corregidores acted as :
Judge
inspector of encomiendas
chief of police
tribute collector
capitan-general of the province and even viceregal patron
With annual salary ranging from P300 to P2000

before 1847, and P1500 to P1600 after it
CITY GOVERNMENT
(AYUNTAMIENTOS)
Larger
towns became cities called ayuntamiento

Also headed by alcalde mayor
Became the center of trade and industry
had a city council called cabildo
Composed of: alcalde (mayor), regidores
(councilors), alguacil mayor (police chief),
escribando (secretary)
PUEBLOS (TOWN OR
MUNICIPALITY)
Led
by gobernadorcillo (little governor)

Each pueblo had a church, convent, municipal
hall, court house, schools, and houses
Had a medium to large population
GOBERNADORCILLO
Supervised
farm land and the livestock or

animals in farms
Supervised the local police force
Was also called Capitan
He was assisted by 3 officials; called the
tenientes de justicia
Was allowed only one year in the position.
GOBERNADORCILLO
He
was elected by the cabezas de barangay

Also enjoyed certain privileges such as
exemptions from personal, military and tax
duties
MAURA LAW OF 1893

May 19, 1893
Named after the Minister of Colonies of Spain,
Antonio Maura y Montaner
The purpose of this law was to grant greater
local autonomy to the provinces and towns
in Luzon and Visayas
By a decree of the Spanish Governor-General,
the operation of the law was suspended due to
a brewing insurrection
MAURA LAW OF 1893

Until
the Maura reforms of 1893, the elections

were governed by the regulations of 1847
Forms of corruption already existed,
indigenous elites contested the power,
compliance, complicity, or protection of the
religious orders and the Spanish colonial
authorities
The reforms were supposed to be a new
attempt to rein in electoral abuses
MAURA LAW OF 1893

The
cabeza de barangay was to be given a place on the

towns board of electors composed of members
designated by lot by the town principalia
Board of electors: outgoing gobernadorcillo, six cabezas,
and six ex-gobernadorcillos all chosen by lot
The board was to elect the five members of the
municipal council and four lieutenants of assisting him
(tiniente mayor, lieutenants of police, fields and
livestock)
honorary and gratuitous and obligatory.
MAURA LAW OF 1893

The cabeza de barangay was to be appointed for
three years by the provincial governor from a
list of candidates submitted by the municipal
council and the town board of electors
Qualifications:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Filipino or Chinese mestizo

25 years of age or over
Resident for two years in the pueblo where he
has to exercise his powers
Good reputation
MAURA LAW OF 1893

Could
be reelected for an indefinite number of

times, receive 50% of taxes collected in his
village, and had authority to require the
services of one or two persons to help him
with his official duties
Though never implemented, this laid the
foundation for American municipal
administration in the Philippines
AMERICAN PERIOD
(1898-1946)
AMERICAN PERIOD
When
the US assumed administration of the

Philippines in 1898, slight changes were made
in the local government.
Towns were renamed municipalities
The barrio continued as a subdivision with the
barrio lieutenant as its chief administrative
officer
AMERICAN PERIOD
President
McKinleys Second Philippine

Commission members were to devote their
attention.. to the establishment of municipal
governments in which the natives of the
islands, both in the cities and in the rural
communities, shall be afforded the
opportunity to manage their own local affairs
to the fullest extent they are capable.
AMERICAN PERIOD
They
changed their minds on enforcing local

autonomy.
The Commission finally decided to restrict
local autonomy believing the best method to
teach Filipinos self-government was by
American supervision of local political parties.
The municipal and provincial codes were said
to be virtually duplications of the Maura Law
AMERICAN PERIOD
Municipal
officials made their own decisions

concerning local affairs but were subject to
revision or annulment by the central
government in Manila
Americans maintained a highly centralized
politico-administrative structure for
security considerations
AMERICAN PERIOD
Act No. 2657 also known as
Administrative Code of 1917
1916
December 31
Book III
Government of Provinces and
Other Political Divisions
Provincial Law
Municipal Law
Township Law
AMERICAN PERIOD
Act No. 2711
1917
Revised Administrative Code of

1917
March 10
Section 2219-1/2
Establishment of Rural Council
Each barrio has a barrio
lieutenant and shall have
four councilmen who shall
be appointed in the same
manner as the barrio
lieutenants
AMERICAN PERIOD
The powers and duties of the
rural council were:
1917
March 10
1. To represent the barrio or

portion of barrio where it
was located
2. To hold monthly sessions
3. To make its own rules of
procedure to be approved
by the barrios Municipal
Councilor before they took
effect
4. To provide for the
dissemination of the town
crier of new laws and
AMERICAN PERIOD
Cont..
1917
March 10
Municipal ordinances the

Council considered important
6. To organize, at least three
time a year, public lectures on
citizenship
and
7. To cooperate with the
government for the success of
measures of general interest
Rural Councils were never effective in most parts of the country;

they remained largely a paper organization
AMERICAN PERIOD
1931
November 13
Philippine Legislature passed

Act No. 3861 creating the rural
council under the
administration of Gov. Dwight
Davies
Provided for the organization
of a council composed of a
Barrio Lieutenant and such
number of Vice-Barrio
Lieutenants as there were
sitios to assist the former in
the discharge of his duties
AMERICAN PERIOD
Before
WWII (1939-1945), the Barrio

lieutenant was the main representation of the
municipal government in the villages
His effectiveness depended largely on his
party affiliation and kinship with key
municipal and provincial officials
Often, the real leader of the barrio in local
affairs was not appointed B.L.
POST COLONIZATION PERIOD TO PRESENT TIME

(1946-present)
POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Republic Act No. 1062
1954
June 12
An Act Granting to Municipal

Councils Greater Autonomy in the
Preparation of the Municipal
Budgets, Amending for This
Purpose Certain Section of the
Revised Administrative Code

An Act Amending Section 2219
of the Revised
Administrative Code and for
Other Purposes
1955
June 10
Organized a barrio council

Composed of:
Barrio lieutenant and such
number of deputy barrio
lieutenants as there are sitios
within the barrio, a councilman
for livelihood, education and
health

1955
June 10
-Shall be elected at a meeting

to be attended by at least onehalf of all the residents of the
barrio who are qualified votes
-Election shall take place
annually on the third Tuesday
of January
One year term of office is too short a term of office even for an honest
and capable councilman to pursue with success whatever useful or
Necessary improvements he may have planned for his community.

1955
September 9

An Act to Amend RA 1245
Entitled: An Act Amending
Section 2219 of the Revised
Administrative Code and for
Other Purposed, and Other
Related Provisions of the Same
Code
-Vice barrio lieutenants
-Treasurer, elected among
them
Every head of family who is a resident of the barrio and is twenty-one

years of age or over is eligible to vote in the election, provided he has been a resident
of the barrio for at least six months prior to the election

Before
RA 1408, many governmental and

non-governmental agencies were sponsoring
rural improvement programs independently
There was a duplication of functions and
services, dissipation of effort, confusion
among the barrio folk, organizational friction,
and many hindrances in promoting an
effective, unified community development
program

1959
June 19
1959
June 19
RA 2259
An Act Making Elective the
Offices of Mayor, Vice-Mayor,
and Councilors in Chartered
Cities Regulating the Election
in such Cities and Fixing
Salaries and Tenure of such
Offices
RA 2264
An Act Amending the Laws
Governing Local Governments
by Increasing Their Autonomy
and Reorganizing Provincial
Governments

1959
June 20
RA 2370
An Act Granting Autonomy to
Barrios of the Philippines
Otherwise known as the
Barrio Charter Act
Converted the Barrio Council
from a mere recommendatory
body into an autonomous
organ, empowered to act for,
and in behalf of, barrio
residents
Every head of family who is a resident of the barrio and is twenty-one

years of age or over is eligible to vote in the election, provided he has been a resident
of the barrio for at least six months prior to the election

RA 2370
1959
June 20
Important innovations:
1. Voting, office holding and
the Barrio Assembly
2. The Barrio Councils taxing
powers
3. The Barrio Councils
legislative powers
4. The Barrio Council
members tenure of office
5. The removal or suspension
of Barrio Council members
6. Barrio Council members
compensation

RA 2370
1959
June 20
- Has built-in tax reform

system
- People evade taxes because
they have not learned to
associate taxes with public
services
- Critics saw the flaws in the
taxation provisions
The taxation powers of the Barrio Council are not very extensive,
and are unrealistic in light of rural conditions.

RA 3950
An Act to Amend and Revise
RA 2370 Otherwise Known as
The Barrio Charter
1963
June 22
1967
September 12
Revised Barrio Charter

RA 5185
An Act Granting Further
Autonomous Powers to Local
Governments
Decentralization Act of 1967

1969
June 21
RA 5676
An Act Clarifying the Scope and
Applicability of Republic Act
Numbered 3590, Amending for
the Purpose Section TwentySix Thereof
*Retroactive effect as of June
22 1963*

Presidential Decree No. 431
1974
April 8
1974
September 21
Prescribing a System of
Permanent and Continuing
Registration of Members of
Barangays, Providing a
Procedure for the Creation of
Barangay in Areas Where
There are None and for the
Elections of Officials Thereof
Declaring All Barrios in the
Philippines as Barangays, and
for Other Purposes

1978
June 11

Establishing a System of
Amicably Settling Disputes at
the Barangay Level
Katarungang Pambarangay

Batas Pambansa Blg. 337
1983
February 10
Local Government Code of

1983
1986 Freedom Constitution
1986
March 25
1987
The 1987 Constitution of the

Republic of the Philippines

1991
RA 7160
Local Government
October 10 Code of 1991
It is considered the most radical and far

reaching policy that addressed the decades-old
problem of a highly centralized politicoadministrative system with most significant
political and administrative decisions
concentrated in Manila.
(Brillantes Jr., A., Moscare, D.)
PRESENT TIME
Local
Government Units in all geopolitical

levels continue to enjoy local autonomy
granted to them
Continuous capacity development programs
are given to LGUs in order to enhance the
services delivered to their constituents
NGAs issue policies for LGUs to address gaps
and issues arising as well as enhancement of
programs being implemented
LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF

1991
Republic Act 7160
BIYAHENG PINOY
Lets all watch this
HIERARCHY OF LAWS
CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS
A law may be special or general law
Special law relates to particular persons or things of
a class, or to a particular portion or section of the
state only
A general law affects all people of the state or all of a

particular class of persons in the state or embraces a
class of subjects or places and does not omit any
subject or place naturally belonging to such class
CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS
A
special law prevails over a general law
RA
7160 is a special law which exclusively

deals with local government units, outlining
their powers and functions in consonance
with the constitutionally mandated policy of
local autonomy
BASIS FOR LOCAL GOVERNANCE
The 1987 Constitution
Article II
Declaration of Principles and State Policies
Section 25
The state shall ensure the autonomy of local governments
Article X
Local Government
ARTICLE X: LOCAL GOVERNMENT

GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. The territorial and political subdivisions of the Republic of the
Philippines are the provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays. There
shall be autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the Cordilleras as
hereinafter provided.
Section 2. The territorial and political subdivisions shall enjoy local autonomy.
Section 3. The Congress shall enact a local government code which shall
provide for a more responsive and accountable local government structure
instituted through a system of decentralization with effective mechanisms of
recall, initiative, and referendum, allocate among the different local
government units their powers, responsibilities, and resources, and provide for
the qualifications, election, appointment and removal, term, salaries, powers
and functions and duties of local officials, and all other matters relating to the
organization and operation of the local units.
Section 4. The President of the Philippines shall exercise

general supervision over local governments. Provinces with
respect to component cities and municipalities, and cities and
municipalities with respect to component barangays, shall
ensure that the acts of their component units are within the
scope of their prescribed powers and functions.
***
Supervision vs. Control
***
Section 5. Each local government unit shall have the power to

create its own sources of revenues and to levy taxes, fees and
charges subject to such guidelines and limitations as the
Congress may provide, consistent with the basic policy of
local autonomy. Such taxes, fees, and charges shall accrue
exclusively to the local governments.
Section 6. Local government units shall have a just share, as

determined by law, in the national taxes which shall be
automatically released to them.
Section 7. Local governments shall be entitled to an equitable share in

the proceeds of the utilization and development of the national wealth
within their respective areas, in the manner provided by law,
including sharing the same with the inhabitants by way of direct
benefits.
Section 8. The term of office of elective local officials, except barangay

officials, which shall be determined by law, shall be three years and no
such official shall serve for more than three consecutive terms.
Voluntary renunciation of the office for any length of time shall not
be considered as an interruption in the continuity of his service for
the full term for which he was elected.
Section 9. Legislative bodies of local governments shall have sectoral

representation as may be prescribed by law.
Section 10. No province, city, municipality, or barangay may be

created, divided, merged, abolished, or its boundary substantially
altered, except in accordance with the criteria established in the local
government code and subject to approval by a majority of the votes
cast in a plebiscite in the political units directly affected.
Section 11. The Congress may, by law, create special metropolitan

political subdivisions, subject to a plebiscite as set forth in Section 10
hereof. ()
Section 12. Cities that are highly urbanized, as determined by law, and
component cities whose charters prohibit their voters from voting for
provincial elective officials, shall be independent of the province. The
voters of component cities within a province, whose charters contain
no such prohibition, shall not be deprived of their right to vote for
elective provincial officials.
Section 13. Local government units may group themselves,

consolidate or coordinate their efforts, services, and resources
for purposes commonly beneficial to them in accordance with
law.
Section 14. The President shall provide for regional

development councils or other similar bodies composed of
local government officials, regional heads of departments and
other government offices, and representatives from nongovernmental organizations within the regions for purposes
of administrative decentralization to strengthen the
autonomy of the units therein and to accelerate the economic
and social growth and development of the units in the region.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE LGC

Operative Principles of Decentralizaion
Basic principles and policies
Rules of Interpretation
Book I General Provisions
Book II Local Taxation and Fiscal Matters
Book III Local Government Units
Book IV Miscellaneous and Final Provisions
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Local autonomy means a more responsive and
accountable local government structure
identified through a system of decentralization
Local autonomy includes both administrative
and fiscal autonomy
Decentralization means devolution of national
administration, not power to local governments.
Local officials remain accountable to the central
government as the law may provide
DOES AUTONOMY MEAN

INDEPENDENCE FROM THE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT?
NO.
The constitution merely mandated

decentralization and did not make local
governments sovereign within the State
NEWS:
I am alarmed that the brazen act of resisting
suspension is becoming normal practice. What makes
elective officials think that they are indisputably
entitled to their offices? They are not absolute rulers;
they are subject to the law, (Santiago, 2015)
Source: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/687511/santiagoalarmed-by-elective-officials-resisting-suspension-seekssenate-inquiry#ixzz3YGXHEdsx
NEWS:
While officials are entitled to relief from penalty, in the
form of temporary restraining orders or injunctions, they
must seek such from the proper venue and, pending such
relief, humbly step down from office.
In all these cases, the officials facing penalty insisted on
due process yet refused to respect the same. This
contradiction only shows how self-serving our elective
officials have become,
Source: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/687511/santiago-alarmed-byelective-officials-resisting-suspension-seeks-senateinquiry#ixzz3YGXHEdsx
NEWS:
The senator also warned that such practice inevitably erodes the punitive power of
government authorities such as the Ombudsman, the Civil Service Commission, and
the DILG.
If left unchecked, this deplorable practice will embolden officials to be corrupt. We
must protect the integrity of institutions that mete out penalties in upholding the
constitutional principle that public office is a public trust, she said.
Santiago said any measure that the Senate will contemplate against the practice of
resisting suspension should focus on prohibiting elective officials from supporting
or financing mass barricades to their benefit, especially using public funds.
The right to assemble is enshrined in the Constitution. But in cases like this, we
should ask: Did the supporters assemble voluntarily or were they paid or given
incentives? If it is the latter, were public funds used? she further said.
OPERATIVE PRINCIPLES OF
DECENTRALIZATION
Effective allocation of powers, functions,
responsibilities, and resources
Establishment of an accountable, efficient and
dynamic organizational structure and operating
mechanism that will meet priority needs and
services of its communities
Subject to civil service rules, local officials and
employees paid wholly or mainly from local funds
shall be appointed removed, according to merit and
fitness, by the appropriate appointing authority
DECENTRALIZATION
LGUs
shall be accompanied with provision for

reasonably adequate resources to discharge
their powers and effectively carry out their
functions (power to create sources of revenue
and just share to national wealth)
Ensure that acts of their component units are
within the scope of their prescribed powers
LGUs may group themselves
DECENTRALIZATION
Enhancement of capacities of local government
units, providing them with opportunities to
participate actively in the implementation of
national programs and projects
Continuing mechanism to enhance local
autonomy
LGUs shall share with the national government
the responsibility in the management and
maintenance of ecological balance
DECENTRALIZATION
Strengthening
effective mechanisms for

ensuring the accountability of LGUs to their
constituents to continually upgrade quality of
local leadership
Realization of local autonomy shall be
facilitated through improved coordination of
national government policies and programs
and extension of material and technical
assistance to LGUs
DECENTRALIZATION
Participation
of private sector in local
governance
The national government shall ensure that
decentralization tributes to the continuing
improvement of the performance of local
government units and the quality of
community life
RULES OF INTERPRETATION
In case of doubt in the exercise of LGU powers,

the doubt shall be resolved in favor of
devolution of powers;
Tax revenue or measure shall be strictly

construed against the LGU
Tax exemption/incentive/relief shall be strictly

construed against the taxpayer
CREATION, ABOLITION, DIVISION

AND MERGER OF LGU
Indicators:
Income
Population
Land area
CRITERIA

AND MERGER OF LGU
Division shall not reduce the income,
population, or land area of the LGU, provided
the income classification of the original LGU
shall not fall below its current income
classification prior to such division
Abolition is proper when there is an irreversible
reduction in income, population and land area
Plebiscite requirement within 120 days from
date of effectivity of the law or ordinance

AND MERGER OF LGU
Corporate
existence shall commence upon the

election and qualification of the LCE and
majority of the members of the sanggunian,
unless some other time is fixed therefor by law
or ordinance.
Sec. 16 General Welfare Clause

Every
local government unit shall exercise the

powers express granted, those necessarily
implied therefrom, as well as powers
necessary, appropriate, or incidental for its
efficient and effective governance; and those
which are essential to the promotion of the
general welfare..
POWERS OF LGUs
Police
Power (Sec. 16)

Power of Eminent Domain
Power to Levy Taxes, Fees and Charges
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THE CODE

Sec
17 Basic Services
Reclassification of Lands
Closure and Opening of Roads
Qualifications of Local Elective Officials
Vacancies and Succession
Leave of Absence

Leave
of Absence

Local
Special Bodies
Local Legislation
Human Resource and Development
Elective Local Officials
Appointive Local Officials
ELECTIVE LOCAL OFFICIALS
APPOINTIVE LOCAL OFFICIALS

Provinces
Cities
Municipalities
Codal Provision on the

appointment, Qualification,
Powers & Duties
Secretary to the
Sanggunian
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Title 5, Article 1 Section 469
Treasurer
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Assistant
Treasurer
Optional
Optional
Optional
Assessor
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Assistant Assessor
Optional
Optional
Optional
Accountant
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Budget Officer
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Appointive
Local Officials
Mandatory/Optional in
POWERS OF THE LCE
CITY
PROVINCE
POWERS OF ELECTIVE
LOCAL
Initiate and maximize
3. Initiate and maximize
3. Initiate and maximize
OFFICIALS
the general of resources
MUNICIPALITY
3.
and revenues, and apply

the same to the
the same to the
the same to the
implementation of
implementation of
implementation of
development plans,
development plans,
development plans,
programs, objectives and
priorities as provided
under Sec. 18, LGC, (Sec.
444 (b)(3)(i-viii)
455(b)(3)(i-viii)
465(b)(3)(i-viii)
4. Ensure the delivery of
basic services and the
provision of adequate
facilities as provided for
under Section 17. (Sec.
444(b)(4)(i-ii)
455(b)(4)(i-ii)
465(b)(4)(i-ii)
5. Other powers , duties
and functions as
and functions as
and functions as
prescribed by law or
ordinance.
ordinance.
ordinance.
POWERS OF THE VICE LCE
POWERS OF THE SANGGUNIAN
POWERS OF THE SANGGUNIAN
PENAL PROVISIONS
1. ORDINANCES WITH PENAL
SANCTIONS
a.MANDATORY POSTING in conspicuous
places for a minimum period of 3 consecutive
weeks
b. PUBLICATION in a newspaper of general
circulation, where available, within territorial
jurisdiction.
EXCEPTION: Barangay Ordinances
PENAL PROVISIONS
Violation
of the posting and publication

requirement shall subject the official or
employee concerned to administrative, civil or
criminal sanction.
Sanggunian
secretary shall transmit official

copies of ordinances to the Official Gazette
within 7 days following its approval.
PENAL PROVISIONS
2. WITHOLDING OF BENEFITS ACCORDED
TO BARANGAY OFFICIALS
SANCTION:
1. suspension
2. dismissal from office of the official or employee
responsible therefore.
PENAL PROVISIONS
3. FAILURE TO POST AND PUBLISH THE
ITEMIZED MONTHLY COLLECTIONS AND
DISBURSEMENTS failure of the treasurer of
chief accountant to post itemized monthly
collections and disbursements within 10 days
following the end of every month and for at least 2
consecutive weeks at prominent places in the
main building, its plaza and main street and
publish itemization in a newspaper of general
circulation where available.
PENAL PROVISIONS
SANCTIONS:
1. fine not exceeding 500.00
2. imprisonment not exceeding 1 month
3. or both, at the discretion of the court
PENAL PROVISIONS
4. ENGAGING IN PROHIBITED BUSINESS
TRANSADTIONS
OR
POSSESSING
ILLEGAL PECUNIARY INTEREST
SANCTIONS:
1. fine of not less than 3,000.00 nor more than
10,000.00
2. imprisonment of 6 mos. to 6 yrs.
3. or both at the discretion of the court
PENAL PROVISIONS
5.
REFUSAL OR FAILURE OF ANY

PARTY OR WITNESS TO APPEAR
BEFORE THE LUPON OR PANGKAT
SANCTION:
1. Indirect Contempt of Court
PENAL PROVISIONS
6. VIOLATION OF TAX ORDINANCES SANCTIONS:
1. fine of not less than 1,000.00 to 5,000.00

2. imprisonment of not less than 1 month and
not more than 6 months
3. or both, at the discretion of the court.
PENAL PROVISIONS
7.
OMISSION OF PROPERTY FROM

ASSESSMENT OR TAX ROLLES BY
OFFICES AND OTHER ACTS-
8. WILLFUL AND NEGLIGENT FAILURE

TO COLLECT TAXES AND INSTITUTE
NECESSARY PROCEEDINGS FOR THE
COLLECTION OF THE SAME -
PENAL PROVISIONS
SANCTIONS:
1. fine of not less than 1,000.00 nor more

than 5,000.00
2. imprisonment of not less than 1 mo. Nor
more than 6 mos.
PENAL PROVISIONS
9. INTENTIONAL AND DELIBERATE DELAY IN
THE ASSESSMENT OF REAL PROPERTY OR
THE FILING OF ANY APPEAL AGAINST ITS
ASSESSMENT
SANCTIONS:
1. five of not less than 500.00 nor more than 5,000.00
2. imprisonment of at least 1 month nor more than six
months
3. or both at the discretion of the court
PENAL PROVISIONS
10. FAILURE TO DISPOSE OF DELINQUENT
REAL PROPERTY AT PUBLIC AUCTION
SANCTIONS:
1. fine of not less than 1,000.00 nor more than
5,000.0
2. imprisonment of not less than 1 month nor more
than 6 months
PENAL PROVISIONS
11. PROHIBITED ACTS RELATED TO THE
AWARD OF CONTRACTS UNDER THE
PROVISIONS ON CREDIT FINANCING
SANCTIONS:
1. removal from office
2. imprisonment of not less 1 month nor more than
two years
______________________________________
_
LOCAL POLITICS
Oligarchy
The
Robredo Style of Leadership

BAC vs GAN
REFERENCES
Zamora, Mario D. (1967) Asian Studies Journal 5:

Political History, Autonomy and Change: The Case of
the Barrio Chapter. Asian Studies Center, University of
the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City
Brillantes Jr., Alex B., Moscare, Donna
Decentralization and Federalism in the Philippines:
Lessons from Global Community. NCPAG, University
of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City
www.gov.ph Official Gazette
www.chanrobles.com

History of Local Government Units in The Philippines

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

History of Local Government Units in The Philippines

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LOCAL

HANNAH MARIE O. AGAS

Local Government History

came from the word balangay which means

on, barangay came to mean a village

function of the barangay was

Philippines was said to be easily colonized

the early part of the Spanish regime,

Spanish government used the datus to

were consolidated into towns

no salary but was exempted from

Principalia noble class, composed of

Spaniards created local government units

Alcaldia (fully subjugated) led by the alcalde

mayors and corregidores acted as :

With annual salary ranging from P300 to P2000

towns became cities called ayuntamiento

by gobernadorcillo (little governor)

farm land and the livestock or

was elected by the cabezas de barangay

MAURA LAW OF 1893

MAURA LAW OF 1893

the Maura reforms of 1893, the elections

MAURA LAW OF 1893

cabeza de barangay was to be given a place on the

MAURA LAW OF 1893

Filipino or Chinese mestizo

MAURA LAW OF 1893

be reelected for an indefinite number of

the US assumed administration of the

McKinleys Second Philippine

changed their minds on enforcing local

officials made their own decisions

Revised Administrative Code of

1. To represent the barrio or

Municipal ordinances the

Rural Councils were never effective in most parts of the country;

Philippine Legislature passed

WWII (1939-1945), the Barrio

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD TO PRESENT TIME

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

An Act Granting to Municipal

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Organized a barrio council

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

-Shall be elected at a meeting

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Republic Act No. 1408

Every head of family who is a resident of the barrio and is twenty-one

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

RA 1408, many governmental and

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Every head of family who is a resident of the barrio and is twenty-one

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

- Has built-in tax reform

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Revised Barrio Charter

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

POST COLONIZATION PERIOD

Presidential Decree No. 1508