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CHEMISTRY
Contents
• Adsorption
• Absorption
• Differentiation!?#$
• Factors influencing adsorption of gases
• Types of adsorption
• Characteristics of physical adsorption
• Characteristics of chemical adsorption
Adsorption
• The process of accumulation of a
liquid or a gas molecule on a solid
surface is called adsorption.
• adsorption is a process in which a
substance takes another substance
on its surface , i.e. they remain on
the surface.
•
adsorption
Absorbed gas molecules
Solid adsorbent
Examples
• When methylene blue is treated with
activated charcoal, then the
charcoal adsorbs the methylene
blue molecules, as a result the
blue colour fades.
• When a gas like NH3 is treated with
charcoal powder in a closed
container, the charcoal adsorbs the
gas molecules. Thus the pressure of
the gas decreases.
Adsorbent and adsorbate
• The solid on the surface of which gas
or a liquid molecules accumulate is
called ‘adsorbent’.
• The substance (gas or liquid) whose
molecules accumulate on the solid
surface (adsorbent) is called
‘adsorbate’.
•
Example description
• When the molecules of NH3
accumulate on the surface of
charcoal,
_________ is the adsorbate and
___________
is the adsorbent.
Example description
• When the molecules of NH3
accumulate on the surface of
charcoal,
ammonia is the adsorbate and
___________
is the adsorbent.
Example description
• When the molecules of NH3 accumulate
on the surface of charcoal,
ammonia is the adsorbate and
charcoal
is the adsorbent.
NOTE :
becomes slower.
At the end, molecules of the penetrate into the body of the
adsorbate are found only on the solid.
surface.
Factors which influence
adsorption of gases by solids
1)Nature of the gas (adsorbate)
2)Nature of the solid (adsorbent)
3)Surface area of the solid
4)Pressure of the gas
5)Temperature
6)Nature of the surface of the
adsorbent
Types of adsorption
1 > Physical or Van der Waal’s adsorption
Waal’s forces.
2. Depends on the nature of the 2. Highly specific
gas
3. Heat of adsorption is small 3. Heat of adsorption is small
(20 - 40 kJ / mol.) (80 - 240 kJ / mol.)
4. Reversible Irreversible
7. Multilayered 7. Unilayered
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Contd....... By ameya