Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Melaka 2009
Biology Molecule
Toxicology
Chemistry & Food Technology
Plant Tissue Culture
Microbiology
Melaka ‘Education Fair 2009’
Institute of
Biotechnology
Amelia Kassim
Nurhuda Jalil
Nurul Arneida Husin
INTRODUCTION
Molecular biology is the study of
biology at a molecular level.
Plant Tissue
Culture
Melaka
InstituteProteomic
of Microbiology
Biotechnology Bioinformatic
What is DNA cloning?
n When DNA is
extracted from an
organism, all its
genes are obtained
n In gene (DNA)
cloning a particular
gene is copied
(cloned)
What is Gene cloning?
Denaturation,
Primer oligonucleotide annealing
DNA replication
Second cycles
20 – 30
cycles
Amplified DNA
sequences
Some Molecular Biology Techniques
1.DNA / RNA extraction
2.pDNA purification
3.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
4.Expression cloning
5.Gel electrophoresis
6.Gel documentation, and image analysis
7.Southern blotting
8.Northern blotting
9.Western blotting and immunochemistry
10.cDNA / genomic DNA library construction, and its screening
11.Southern, and Northern Hybridization techniques
12.Auto-radiography
13.Primer designing
14.PCR-techniques
15.PCR product Cloning
16.Construction of transformation vectors
17.Biolistic PDS He/1000 mediated plant transformation
18.Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation
19.Analysis of the transgenic plants
20.Microscopy
21.Cultivation of bacteria / Microbiology,
22.preparation of glycerol stocks
23.Generation of ESTs
24.Analysis of DNA, cDNA / ESTs sequences using online and offline bioinformatics tools
25.Promoter isolation and characterization ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Wh e n y o u a re w o rk in g in
Mo le c u la r Bio lo g y La b
Melaka
Institute of
Biotechnology
Gel-Documentation
RT-PCR
Spectrophotometer
Gel Electrophoresis
Melaka
Institute of
Biotechnology
Applications of Molecular Biology in
Biotechnology Industry ?
Some Examples:
1.Genetic engineering of plants / Animals/ Microbes
2.DNA Fingerprinting
3.Novel (Blue rose)
4.Exploitation of natural resources plant product
development (Genes for Perfumes in Plants)
5.Gene Cloning - Insulin and other drugs (HIV?) production?
6.Criminals monitoring based on DNA
7.Fruits with insulin, Milk with Antioxidants / vitamin A ++
Power of Metabolic Engineering
Metabolic Engineering
Genetically modified
DNA
FINGERPRINTIN
G
TECHNOLOG
Y Prepared by:
Nurul Arneida Husin
Molecular Bioinformatics
DNA???
•Deoxyribonucleic acids
•Building blocks of life.
•Nucleic acid that contains within it the genetic
code that makes up the blueprint of the
biological development of all plant, animal and
some virus life forms.
•Our unique marker that can uniquely identify
us.
•No two organism will ever have the same
DNA, except in rare cases of twins.
•
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that
contains the genetic instructions used in the
development and functioning of all known
living organisms and some viruses.
By 1953,
Crick and Watson
had built a model which
incorporated all known
features of DNA, and
proposed the double helix
structure which is
commonly referred to as the
Watson-Crick model of
DNA.
A-T
G-C
A- ADENINE
T-A
T- THYMINE
C-G
G- GUANINE
C-G
C- CYTOSINE
G-C
A-T
DNA
FINGERPRINTING?????
•Known as DNA PROFILING.
•Techniques for analyzing and
comparing DNA from separate sources,
to identify any organism (human, plant,
animals, microbes etc) from their
biological materials.
How to perform DNA fingerprinting?
Selection
of Primer/s
Raw materials
Adding PCR
Isolation of Component
Genomic DNA and tested
samples
Data analysis
Run PCR
PCR product
•Breeding strategy
•To identify right cultivar for increasing
essential oils production.
•
•DNA Marker study will provide information on
ways of enhancing the economics of
essential oil production.
Hom
e
Microbiology World
and You
MICROBIOLOGY UNIT
Be one step ahead of the challenge
become a Microbiologist!
What is Microbiology?
◗ Micro - too small to be seen with the naked
eye
◗ Bio - life
◗ ology - study of
Why study Microbiology?
◗ Microbes make the world go round.
Microbiology lies at the heart of the
biosciences. There is hardly an area of
medicine unaffected by microbes and
microbes are essential for the
environmental cycles that regenerate
our planet.
Fields in Microbiology
◗ Medically related fields: ◗ General and Applied
◗ Medical Microbiology Microbiology
◗ Immunology ◗ Environmental
◗ Epidemiology Microbiology
◗ Virology
◗ Molecular Microbiology
◗ Molecular Pathogenesis
◗ Industrial Microbiology
◗ Biodiversity
◗ Bioremediation
◗ Food Microbiology
◗
What Are My Options?
◗ Microbiologists can specialize in a variety of areas. From the food to
the space industries, and everywhere in between, there are many
opportunities for microbiologists!
VIRUS FUNGI
What kind of work does an
industrial microbiologist do?
◗ The application of scientific and engineering principles to the
processing of materials by microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi,
algae, protozoa and viruses) or plant and animal cells to create
useful products or processes.
What kind of work does an food
microbiologist do?
◗ Food Industry ◗ Technical Sales and Marketing
- Oversee and optimize the - Participate in sales and marketing of
conversion of raw materials into ingredients, equipment and packaging
finished products
- Ensure product quality and safety materials
- Carry out new product - Interface between suppliers and the
development in a very competitive food industry
industry - Provide scientific and technical
◗ Public Service support
- Develop / enforce legislation and
regulations related to food production
and safety
- Inspect and evaluate food production
facilities
- Improve post harvest technologies at
home and abroad
◗
Where Does a Microbiologist Work
and With Whom?
Ho
m
Plant Tissue
Culture
LABORATORY
MELAKA INSTITUTE OF
BIOTECHNOLOGY
ACTIVITY
RESEARCH OFFICER
Shoot multiplication
5.Subculturing the plantlets
6. Root induction
7.Transplanting (Acclimatization)
MEDIA PREPARATIONS
Addition of
Nutrients Measure pH
Weighing Sucrose
Addition of gelling
Autoclave Media cooking agents
E X P LA N T S ( se le ctio n a n d
ste riliza tio n )
C u ltu rin g th e exp la n ts
S u b cu ltu rin g th e
p la n tle ts
Tra n sp la n tin g
( acclimatization )
Tra n sfe r to n u rse ry
( hardening )
Misai Kucing
Orchids
Chilli
Chilli
Rose Kacip
Orchids
Fatimah Sambung Nyawa
O u r p ro d u cts
Sundal Malam
Orchids
Chilli
Hom
Nilam e
Sanserviera Trifasciata Teak
FOOD
&
CHEMICAL
TESTING
LABORATORY
i. Steroids
ii.
iii. Heavy Metals
iv.
v. Minerals
vi.
vii. Essential Oil
Water Testing
Toxicology Unit
Bridging research with industry
n Opportunities
n With the increase in our health consciousness,
as well as concern for our environment, a
wide and growing variety of career
opportunities exist in toxicology.
n
n Attractive Salaries and Professional
Advancement
n The demand for well-trained toxicologists
continues to increase. Increasing
specialization in the science of toxicology now
provides the toxicologist with a competitive
advantage over chemists, engineers,
biologists or other scientists without
specialized training in toxicology.
What do Toxicologists do?
Thank you