STEAM TURBINE LUBE

OIL SYSTEM

By Moinuddin

CONTENTS

WHY LUB OIL SYSTEM IS NECESSARY

COMPONENTS OF LUB OIL SYSTEM
FLOW DIAGRAM OF LUB OILSYSTEM
FUNCTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL
COMPONENTS
OIL FLOW TO DIFFERENT BRANCHES
PROTECTIONS

LUB OIL SYSTEM

Steam turbine lube oil system
is usually required to provide
oil for trip-and-throttle valve,
governor system, bearings.

Oil Characteristics
Physical &
Chemical
Properties
CEI/ISO Viscocity
class
Kinematic Viscocity
cSt at 40 deg C
Flash Point
Viscosity Index
Neutalization Value
Emulsion Test
Pour Point

Test Method

Turbine speed
(3000 rpm 50Hz)

32

ASTM D445

28.8 35.2

ASTM D92

180 deg C

95 Minimum

ASTM D974

0.20 Max

ASTM D1401

45 Minutes Max

ASTM D97

-5 deg C Max

Oil Properties

Viscosity: The Viscosity of an oil is the measure of its

resistance to flow. The kinematic viscosity of an oil is the
measure of its resistance to flow under force of gravity
action.
Flash Point: The flash point of an oil is the lowest
temperature at which sufficient vapors are given off to
form an inflammable mixture with air that will burn
momentarily when a small flame is applied.
Neutralization value: The neutralization value (total acid
number) is the quantity of base, expressed in milligrams
of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize all
acidic constituents present in one gram of oil.

Oil Properties

Emulsion test: This method describes a

procedure for measuring the ability of oil
and water to separate from each other.
A 40 ml sample of oil and a 40 ml
sample of distilled water are stirred for 5
minutes at 130 deg F in a graduated
cylinder. The time required for the
seperation of emulsion, thus formed is
recorded.

Oil Properties

Oil Requirements: shalbe mineral oil of highest quality

and uniformity. It shall conytain no grit, inorganic acid,
alkali,
water
soap,
asphalt,
pitch,
resinous
substances, or any other substance which will
interfere with the lubricating properties of the oil, or
that will be detrimental to the oil or to the metals with
which the oil will come in contact in service.
Rust prevention: the oil shall be capable of preventing
the formation of rust on steel parts bathed with oil,
should small quantities of water enter the oil in the
normal operation of steam turbine.

Oil Properties

Resistance to oxidation : for long service in

steam turbine systems, the lubricating oil must
have high resistance to oxidation to protect
against the formation of sludge and in general
to maintain all initial characteristics.
Water seperating ability: highly refined oils will
separate from water more readily than oils
which have been contaminated in service or
which have begun to form insoluble sludge.
Resistance to foaming: high quality turbine oils
should have good resistance to foaming.

General information
Oil Tank Capacity: 9500 Lt
Lube Oil Flow
: 850 Lt/min
Working Temp :
50 deg C
Oil Header Pressure:
1.8 bar
Oil viscocity
: 20.4CST @ 50
deg C
Oil Type
: ISO VG 32

MAIN & AUX OIL PUMP

Two in numbers
Specifications Capacity- 1200 Lt/min
Discharge pr- 6 bar
Design Pr 10 bar.
Working temp: 15 70 deg C
Speed - 1450 rpm
Drive - A.C. Motor
Motor power-30 KW

EMERGENCY OIL PUMP

Provided as back up protection

Cuts in whenever there is AC failure or the
pressure in the lubrication system falls less
than 0.9 bar
SpecificationsCapacity-850 Lt/min
Discharge pr-4 bar
Speed-1750 rpm
Drive-D.C Motor
Motor power- 11kw

DUPLEX FILTER

Lubrication Oil Type : ISO VG 32

Fluid Viscocity : 10.2 Cst @ 70 deg C
SpecificationsWorking Temp : 15 70/80 deg C
Working PR : 5/10 bar.
Delivery : min/ max 800 / 930 Lt/min
Filtration: 23 microns.
Delta normal / max: 0.3 1.0/ 1.5 bar

FLOW CONTROL VALVE

Fluid : Oil ISO VG 32
Sp Gravity at oper cond: 0.852
at 50 deg C
Oper Viscosity cst : 27.8 Cst @
50 deg C
Control range : 1.5 to 2.5 bar.
Setting value : 1.8 bar

LUBE OIL ACCUMULATOR

Type
: bladder
Nominal capacity : 100 Lt
Design pressure
: 15 bar
Test pressure : 22.5 bar
Design temperature : 80 deg C
Oil type
: LUBE OIL ISO VG 32
Viscocity
: 10.2 cSt at 70 deg C
Operating temperature : -10 to +80 deg C
Operating pressure : 9 bar

THERMOSTATIC VLAVE

Fluid : LUBE OIL ISO VG 46

Sp gravity @ operating cond : 0.875 Kg/
cdm
Operating viscosity
: 27.8 @ 50 deg C
Flow
: 900 Lt/min
Temperature
: 46 deg C
Pressure @ normal flow : 4 kg/scm IN 3.62
kg/scm OUT
Set point
: 46 deg

SLC AOP
Command goes to switch ON AOP
When :SLC AOP IS ON and MOP trips
OR Oil pressure < 1.3ksc

SLC EOP
EOP ON Command goes
when
SLC EOP is on
and
Lub oil pressure< 0.9 bar

MAIN OIL COOLERS

Purpose is to cool the oil , Wateris inside

the tube and oil flows inouter shell
Maximum lubricating oil temperature at
cooler outlet restricted to 47 deg
Bearing metal temperature alarm- 90
deg
shut down-120 deg
ThreewaycontrolvalveElectrically driven & has the function
ofregulating lubricating oil temperature

CENTRIFUGE

Draws oil from turbine oil tank mainly DOT, after

removing any water & entrained solid matter oil
is returned back to oiltank
Centrifuge does two functions:
Clarification-Sludge separation inwhich the
machine is used for separating offparticles
normally solid
Purification-Liquid(oil) Liquid (water)separating
two intermixed liquids which are insoluble in
each other & have different sp gravities. Solids
with spgr higherthanthoseofliquidcanbe
separated of at the same time

MOT VAPOUR EXTRACTOR

Mounted on top of main oil tank
Function is to produce slight
negative pressure in main oil
tank and in the bearing casing
and thus draws off oil vapour
Oil vapour before exhausting to
atm is passed through oil catcher

MOT VAPOUR EXTRACTOR

Service : extraction and splitting air / oil

fumes.
Fliid : oil saturated air
Capacity : 300 mc/h at 25 deg C
Operation temperature : 40 deg C max
Suction pressure : 175 mbar
Filtering elements : coalescent cartridges
Motor power : 2.2 kw

Protections

The minimum oil temperature value to start

the oil pumps equal to 15C
The minimum oil temperature value to put in
service the turning gear equal to 20 C
The minimum oil temperature value to
running the turbine equal to 35C
Cooling water to oil heaters should be closed
until the discharge lubricating oil
temperature at turbine bearings inlet,
reaches a value of 43-49C

PROTECTIONS

During the operation, the normal oil

temperature range should be around the
following values :
Lube oil temperature at bearings inlet
5052C.
The maximum allowed values should be
55C.
Bearing oil discharge temperatures should
not exceed 85C. Alarm at 80C and trip at
85C