Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq

By: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal,

Kinzah Fatima, Muhammad Khan,
Zafir Kabbani, and Amir Hijawi

People
Abu Bakr:

Umar:

First Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire

Best missionary in Islam after the Prophet (SAW)
He was Caliph for 2 years
Expanded the least amount of Islam

One of the wealthiest and bravest Sahaba at the time

2nd Caliph to rule over the Islamic Empire
Conquered Jerusalem and Damascus
Accomplishment

Ali bin Talib:

Cousin and son in law of the Prophet (SAW)

Caliph for 5 years
Respected by Sunnis and Shias
Last Caliph to rule in the Islamic Empire

Timeline
625
The Battle
of Uhud
took place.

630
The
Conquest
of Makkah
took place.

629
The Battle
of Khaybar
took place.

632
Abu Bakr
becomes
Caliph.

630
The Battle
of Tabuk
took place.

644
Othman
become
s Caliph.

634
Omar
becomes
Caliph.

656
Ali
become
s Caliph.

Events
Abu Bakr as a caliph: (632)
- He was chosen as the prophets successor.
- Chosen by Ansars and Quraish.
War
- Islam vs. Rome
- Many warriors
Came back from trip
- Messenger of God

Rise and Fall

How Abu Bakr became caliph?
Why was his time as a caliph so short?

Abu Bakr

Umar

Uthman

Geography

Islam expanded all over Europe and Asia

Saudi Arabia
Iran Egypt
Iraq Pakistan
Libya Turkey

Afghanistan

All of the Caliphs had

spread Islam in
some way. The
Caliphs spread
Islam north, south,
east, and west.

Artifacts

Islamic Calligraphy
was very famous.

All Caliphs wore

turbans.

The Companions would

fight with swords.

Fun Facts
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

First male to convert.

Prophets best friend.
Died same age as the Prophet.
Accompanied the prophet (s) during his migration.
Daughter married to Prophet.
Abu Bakr was the Muslim leader after the prophet.
First to compile the Quran in one book.

Quotes
Have an earnestness for death and you will have life.-Abu Bakr
He who aspires to paradise should learn to deal with people with
kindness.-Abu Bakr
Do not look down upon any Muslim, for even the most inferior believer is
great in the eyes of god.-Abu Bakr
Be good to others who will protect you against evil.-Abu Bakr

AlJazari

By: Aqsa Kanwal,

Muhammad Khan,
and Amir Hijawi

Background

He was a:
Scholar
Inventor
Mechanical engineer
Craftsman
Artist
Mathematician
Astronomer
Writer
From Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia
Best known for his book Real name:

al-Shaykh Ra'is al-A`mal Badi`al-Zaman Abu al-'Izz ibn Isma`il

ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari

Inventions:
Clocks
Camshaft
Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism
Saqiya chain pumps
Crankshaft and crank-slider
mechanism
Water supply system
Drink serving waitress
Musical robot band
Peacock fountain with automated servant
Hand washing automaton with flush mechanism

Castle clocks

Elephant Clock
CULTURAL REALATIONS:

Indian Elephant

Chinese serpents
Arabian architecture
Greek water technology
Height:

8.5 meters high

Comparing Clocks

No need for people to keep track of

the clock! These clocks are
automatically timed!

Book of Knowledge of
Ingenious Mechanical
Devices

Document about devices & tools.

Written in 1206.

Described many mechanical devices.

Ibn
Al- Haythem

By: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah

Fatima, Zafir Kabbani

Background
Born: 965CE
Basra, Iraq
Died: 1040 CE
Cairo, Egypt
Residence:
- Basra, Iraq
-Cairo, Egypt
Jobs:
- Physicist
- Mathematician
- Astronomer
Full Name:
Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haythem

The Obscura
Optical device
Pin hole camera
Reflection in mirror

Do you want to learn how to make an

Obscura?
http://licm.org.uk/livingImage/Cam

Comparison
2011 Camera

Obscura

Accomplishment
(Kitab Al-Manazir)
seven-volume treatise
Optics, physics, mathematics,
anatomy, and psychology

The Book Of Optics

Talks about the vision of the eye
Written in 1011 -1021
Important influence on
thedevelopments of optics
Had many nicknames

Artifacts

How the
obscura works

The Book Of Optics

Two pages of the book

Bibliography
Abu Bakr:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Bakr
http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/caliph1.htm
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/abu_bakr.html

AL Jazari:
http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=848
http://www.history-science-technology.com/Articles/articles%206.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jazari

Ibn Al Haythem:
http://www.ibnalhaytham.net/
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Haytham.html

http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0824826.html

Credits
Abu Bakr Big Books: Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Kinzah Fatima, Zafir
Kabbani, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

Abu Bakr Power Point: Hiba Masfaka and Aqsa Kanwal

Al Jazari Power Point: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi
Ibn Al Haythem Power Point: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir
Kabbani

Power Point Animations: Hiba Masfaka, and Kinzah Fatima

Banners: Kinzah Fatima, Hiba Masfaka, Aqsa Kanwal, Zafir Kabbani,

Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

Al Jazari Poster: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

Ibn Al Haythem Poster: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani

Abu Bakr Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal and Hiba Masfaka

Al Jazari Artifacts: Aqsa Kanwal, Muhammad Khan, and Amir Hijawi

Ibn Al Haythem Artifacts: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani

Pictures: Hiba Masfaka, Kinzah Fatima, and Zafir Kabbani