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ADVANCED TRANSPORT
PROCESSES /
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
5. Energy Transport
Lesson 17. Shell Energy Balance
Lesson 18. Heat Conduction through a Slab
Lesson 19. Heat Conduction Through a composite wall
Lesson outcomes
At the end of the lesson the student should be able to
17. Explain shell energy balance
18. Solve problems concerning heat transfer through a slab
i. when wall temperature is given
ii. when the bulk temperature of the fluid before and after the
wall is given
19. Solve problems about heat transfer through composite walls
Rate of Energy
in by conv.
transport
Rate of Energy
out by molec.
transport
Rate of Energy
Production
Rate of Energy
out by conv.
transport
Rate of work
done by system
by molecular
transport
Rate of Energy
in by molec.
transport
Rate of work
done by
External Force
e q ( 12 v 2 H )v [ v]
In non flow systems v=0 therefore
e q
q h(T0 Tb )
h = heat transfer coefficient
T0 = The solid surface temperature
Tb = The bulk temperature of the fluid
T
T0
T1
x0
x1
ex q x ( 12 v 2 H )v [ v] q x
x
T
qx|x+x
qx|x
x
Rate of Energy in by
molec. transport
WH (q x q x x ) 0
q x q x x
0
x
=0
(1)
(2)
8
dq x
0
dx
(3)
Integrating (3)
q x C1 q0
(4)
dT
q0
dx
(5)
q0
T T1 ( x x1 )
k
(6)
9
q0
T0 T1 ( x1 x0 )
k
(7)
(T0 T1 )
q0 k
( x1 x0 )
(8)
Heat flux
T T1
( x x)
1
T0 T1 ( x1 x0 )
Temperature
distribution
(9)
(T0 T1 )
( x1 x0 )
(10)
10
Ta
Fluid
T0
x0
T1
x1
Fluid
Tb
x
11
B.C.1
at x x0 q0 h0 (Ta T0 )
B.C.2
at x x1 q1 h1 (T1 Tb )
ex q x ( 12 v 2 H )v [ v] q x
12
x
T
qx|x+x
qx|x
x
Rate of Energy in by
molec. transport
WH (q x q x x ) 0
q x q x x
0
x
=0
(1)
(2)
13
dq x
0
dx
(3)
Integrating (3)
q x C1 q0
(4)
dT
q0
dx
(5)
q0
T0 T1 ( x1 x0 )
k
(6)
14
q0
h0
q
T1 Tb 0
h1
(7)
Ta T0
(8)
Ta Tb
q0 q0
q
( x1 x0 ) 0
h0 k
h1
(9)
Ta Tb
q0
1 ( x1 x0 ) 1
k
h1
h0
(10)
15
Q0 WHq0
(11)
WH (Ta Tb )
1 ( x1 x0 ) 1
h0
k
h1
(12)
Q0 U (WH )(Ta Tb )
(13)
1 1 ( x1 x0 ) 1
U h0
k
h1
(14)
16
17
Solution
Schematic diagram
18
ex q x ( 12 v 2 H )v [ v] q x
19
x
T
WHqx|x
WH(qx|x+x)
x
Rate of Energy
in by molec.
transport
Rate of Energy
out by molec.
transport
=0
WH (q x q x x ) 0
q x q x x
0
x
(1)
(2)
20
dq x
0
dx
(3)
Integrating (3)
q x C1 q0
(4)
k 01
dT
q0
dx
(5a)
dT
k12
q0
dx
dT
k 23
q0
dx
(5b)
(5c)
21
q0
T0 T1
( x1 x0 )
k01
q0
T1 T2
( x2 x1 )
k12
q0
T3 T2
( x3 x2 )
k 23
(6a)
(6b)
(6c)
q0
h0
q
T3 Tb 0
h3
(7)
Ta T0
(8)
22
q0 q0
q0
q0
q0
Ta Tb
( x1 x0 )
( x2 x1 )
( x3 x2 )
h0 k01
k12
k 23
h3
(9)
Ta Tb
q0
1 ( x1 x0 ) ( x2 x1 ) ( x3 x2 ) 1
k01
k12
k 23
h3
h0
(10)
Q0 WHq0
(11)
23
k01
k12
k 23
h3
h0
(12)
Q0 U (WH )(Ta Tb )
(13)
U h0
k01
k12
k 23
h3
(14)
U h0 j 1 k j 1, j
hn
(15)
24
Lesson outcomes
16. Explain shell energy balance
17. Solve problems concerning heat transfer through a slab
i. when wall temperature is given
ii. when the bulk temperature of the fluid before and after the
wall is given
18. Solve problems about heat transfer through composite walls
25