Presentation on

ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION LOSSES

& ITS PREVENTION
Presented By:- Abhishek Kumar, Geo Spatial
1
Division, HCL

CONTENTS
1. Drivers of AT&C LOSSES
2. GIS MAP SAMPLE HAMIRPUR
3. AT&C

Calculation

of

DISTRIBUTION

TRANSFORMER
4. Pre-requisites

for

obtaining

AT&C LOSSES
5. Ring Fencing Diagram

baseline

Drivers for AT&C Losses

TECHNICAL LOSSES

Overloading of system elements like

Feeders, Transformers & Conductors

COMMERCIAL LOSSES

Low Metering/Billing/Collection Efficiency

Theft, Pilferage and tampering of meters

Absence of up gradation of Old Lines

and Equipment's

Inadequate Revenue Collection

Non Installation of Capacitors

Faulty Meter Reading

GIS MAP SMAPLE (HAMIRPUR)

33/11 KV
SUBSTATION

REPRESENTATION OF SUSPECETED THEFT

CASES
BILL NOT SHOWN/DOOR LOCK
NO CONNECTIONS
VALID CONNECTIONS

AT&C LOSS CALCULATION AT DTR LEVEL

DTR

DTR, 2525KVA
KVA
DTR,

(13 CONSUMERS
DT INPUT ENERGY:
3020 KWH
CONNECTED)
BILLED UNIT: 3020

DT
INPUT
ENERGY:
3020 KWH
TOTAL
ASSESMENT:
15793.77
REALISATION:
INR
BILLED UNIT11843
: 2868
KWH
AT&C LOSS : 28.79%

ASSESMENT: 15793.77 INR

REALISATION : 11843 INR
AT&C LOSS : 28.71%

CALCULATION of AT&C LOSS : BILLING

EFFICIENCY
DT INPUT
SI No. ENERGY
(KWH)

BILL_BASIS

CONSUMPTI
ON

6368004000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

4485004000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

400

7884004000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

740

3872893000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

160

4414004000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

160

6492993000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

291

872893000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

160

7712004000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

245

2046993000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

80

10

942893000

FAULTY ASSESMENT (METER DEFECTIVE)

160

11

5797004000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

157

12

2125993000

ACTIVE

PROVISIONAL (HOUSE LOCKED)

104

13

5715893000

ACTIVE

METERED UNIT

131

METE
R
ACCOUNT ID
STATU
S

3020

Total

80

2868

Billing Efficiency= (Billed Unit/DT Energy) x 100 = 2868/3020 x 100 = 94.96 %

7

CALCULATION of AT&C LOSS : COLLECTION

EFFICIENCY
SI No. ACCOUNT ID

CURRENT_ASSESSMENT

LAST_PAY_AMT LAST_PAY_DATE

6368004000

239.06

239

25-Aug-14

4485004000

2156.8

2157

25-Aug-14

7884004000

4042.76

4043

26-Aug-14

3872893000

862.4

26-Jul-14

4414004000

1421.71

30-Mar-85

6492993000

1540.7

1541

25-Aug-14

872893000

867

12-Apr-14

7712004000

1161.98

1161

26-Aug-14

2046993000

218.95

219

19-Aug-14

10

942893000

853.59

854

19-Aug-14

11

5797004000

828.37

829

25-Aug-14

12

2125993000

1221.36

1-Jan-11

13

5715893000

379.09

800

20-Aug-14

15793.77

11843

TOTAL

Collection Efficiency: (Collected Payment/Billed Amount) x 100

= 11843/15793.77 x 100= 74.98%
8

CONCEPT OF AT&C LOSS

COMMERCIAL LOSSES
Factors causing Commercial Losses:
Meter tampering
Bypassing of meters
Usage of MAGNETS to slow down the meters
Tampering of PT circuits
CT/PT ratios (In case of HT meters)

CONCEPT OF AT&C LOSS

COMMERCIAL LOSSES :- COLLECTION
EFFICIENCY
Utility is not being able to collect the complete

amount billed by it.

Absence of Energy Accounting & Auditing
In case of unavailability of arrear figures, the
collection efficiency figures can be more than
100%.
Revenue collected shall exclude the arrears.
In above cases efficiency needs to be restricted
to 100% and shall be used for computation of
AT&C losses.

PRE-REQUISITES FOR OBTAINING

BASELINE AT&C LOSSES
Metering of Energy Input Points of Project
Area
On incoming lines of 33/11 kV sub-stations located
within project area.
On 33 KV, 11 KV feeders emanating from sub-station
located outside project area but supplying power to
HT/LT consumers located within project area.

PRE-REQUISITES FOR OBTAINING

BASELINE AT&C LOSSES
Ring-fencing of Project area Electrical Network
Import/Export meters at the boundary of those

lines that are feeding outside as well as inside

project area so that import and export of energy
can be measured for project area. These lines may
emanate from the sub-stations located within or
outside project area.
Import/Export meters on the dedicated feeder
emanating from sub-stations located within
project area but feeding outside project area.
Import/Export meters on 33/11 KV Sub-Stations

RING FENCING DIAGRAM