WORKING MODEL

OF I.C. ENGINE
WITHOUT CAM
MANISH KUCHA (09ME23)
GAUTAM KUNDARIA (09ME24)
BALKRISHN PATEL (09ME31)
DARSHAN PATEL (09ME32)
Guided By :
Mr. Anil K.Patel
Page 1

INTRODUCTION
This paper presents the prototype of Camless
internal combustion (I.C.) Engine. Instead of
using conventional mechanism of camshaft for
operating valves, we are going to use solenoid
valve. In this work, we integrate the concepts
of mechanical and electronics for economical,
low emission, high performance Camless IC
Engine.
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C
O
N
V
E
N
T
I .C. Engine
O
N
A
L
Page 3

Valve Operating Mechanism

The valve mechanism operations consist of cam, tappet, rocker arm, spring
and valves. The cam is the most important member of valve operating
mechanism. Cam shape plays major role in operating characteristics of
engine. Shape of the lobe determines
a) When the valves open, and
b) How long they open .
This determines the amount of valve overlap. The cam controls the amount
of air-fuel mixture that suck into the cylinder.

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Working of Conventional Cam

Assembly
CAM:
It is device which converts rotary motion of camshaft to the
linear motion of valves.
The camshaft is driven by crankshaft by a pair of meshing
gears or sprocket connected by chain called as timing chain.
The valve is opened by the positive mechanical action of the
cam lobe and it is closed by spring pressure
Since the timing of the engine is dependent on the shape of the
cam lobe and the rotational velocity of camshaft.

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Disadvantages
As in motion transmission increases the power loss due to
friction increases and hence reduction in output of the
engine.
Frequent use of cam lead to change in shape of cam which
affects valve timing.
Metal to metal contact lead to noise and thermal losses.
In conventional engine the push rod and rocker arm impose
some inertia, which affects valve action .
Cam design is very difficult for max. power and efficiency.

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PROTOTYPE OF CAMLESS IC
ENGINE
The solenoid valves is in such a way that valves opens and
closes in accordance with piston positions, which lead to soft
and gradual landing, opening, closing and overlapping of
valves.
Absolute Encoder:
Programmable Logical Controller(PLC) :
Solenoid (Electromagnetic valve):

Page 7

Absolute Encoder
A rotary encoder, also called a shaft
encoder, is an electro-mechanical device
that converts the angular position or
motion of a shaft or axle to an analog or
digital code. The output of incremental
encoders provides information about the
motion of the shaft which is typically
further processed in PLC.
The output of absolute encoders
indicates the current position of the
shaft.

Page 8

Absolute Encoder

Page 9

Programmable Logical Controller(PLC)

Page 10

Solenoid (Electromagnetic valve):

Page 11

Solenoid valve characteristics

A solenoid is a coil of low
resistance wire.
They work on the principle that a
current travelling through a wire
generates a magnetic field. If, as in a
solenoid, a wire is
continually
wound tightly together a magnetic
field is created.
This field acts perpendicular to the
wire coil (along the axis of the
solenoid).

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Conti..
The mechanical construction of a solenoid can be seen in figure.
The force generated by a solenoid is directly proportional to the
current being applied to the solenoid and inversely proportional to
the square of the distance between the plunger and the solenoid coil.
The magnetic field strength is given by:
B=0nI
where B = is the field strength in Tesla
n is the number of turns in the solenoid divided by its length
I is the current flowing through the solenoid.
The force generated is:
F =BIl
where l is the length of the solenoid
Page 13

Maruti Suzuki 800 cc Engine

Page 14

Specifications of maruti 800

Page 15

TOP VIEW OF ENGINE

Page 16

Engine Head

Page 17

Di-assemble parts of Engine

Page 18

Cam Shaft

Page 19

Valve timing dia.

Page 20

Flow chart of entire system

Page 21

ADVANTAGE

Better Fuel Efficiency

Higher Output
Performance of Engine
Reduction of Emission

Page 22

REFERENCES
[1] V.Ganeshan, Internal Combustion Engine, Tata McGraw Hill,
Page 910-918
[2] M.L.Mathur, R.P Sharma, A Course in Internal Combustion
Engine, Dhanpat Rai Publication ,200,Page 491-496
[3] I.Gould,W. Richeseson and F.Erikson, Performance of Camless
Engine Using valve Actuator with Programmable Timing ,
SAE,1991
[4] http:// www.ieeeelctromagnatism.com
[5] http:// www.siemonsauto.com

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Thank You
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