Electrostatic

PRESENTED BY :
SUJARWANTO
4001410066

Electrostatic charge
Static electricity is studying electrical charges
at rest.
There are 2 types of electric charge:
Positive charge (protons). Proton is an
elementary particle carrying a positive charge.
Negative charge (electrons). Electrons are
elementary particles carrying negative charge.

 Positively charged object, when the

number of electrons in the atom are
smaller than the number of protons.
Negatively charged object, when the
number of electrons in the atom are
greater than the number of protons.
Neutral objects, when the number of
electrons in the atom are equals the
number of protons.

Atom Theory
Atom is neutral because many
protons in the nucleus of an atom are
same with many electrons
surrounding the nucleus. Electrons
can exit or enter into the
arrangement of atoms, especially the
outermost electrons (valence
electrons). If the electrons out of the
arrangement of atoms, the number
of protons more than the number of

Coulombs Law
The Law of Coloumb:
"Attractive force or repulsive force
between two electric charges is
proporsional to the charges and
inversely proportional to the square
of separation distance

Mathematically:

With:
Fc = coulomb force (N)
r =distance between 2 cargo
k =comparison factor (k = 9x109
Nm2C-2)
qa= first cargo
qb =second cargo

Electrostatic Interaction between Two Electric charge

Between two electrically charged

objects brought near each other,
electrostatic interactions will arise,
that are :
Pull, if the two objects different types
of cargo.
Reject, if the two objects toward each
other similar charge.

The Electric Field

The electric field is the space around the
electrically charged objects where other
electrically charged objects are placed in this
space have electric style.
Strong electric field is a quantity that is used to
express the vector electric field around an electric
charge can be described by the line - an
imaginary line called the line - the line style. Lines
of force outward cargo remain positive and go into
the charge to the charge remains negative.

Strength Electric Field

Strength electric field (given the notation E) is
stated the amount of coulomb force per unit
charge.
Mathematically :

with:
F =electric force experienced to the charge q1
because q2
E = strength electric field (N/C)
q =load testers(C)

Magnitude of strength electric field and

the constant charge q1.

In general, strength electric field formula at

a point to a certain distance from the
constant charge q is:
With :
r = the distance between a point to the
constant charge (m)
q = constant charge (C)
E = strength electric field (N/C)

Electrostatic Potential
Electric charge that placed in the
positive electric area will through a
coulomb force (F). If the charge q
under the influence of the force,it will
moved from point A to point B, the
work that must be doing, Wa-b, on the
charge to pass through the small
track from point 1, 2, 3, ... ....

&

with :
Ep = potential energy load tester q (J)
k = 9x109 Nm2C-2
q = load testers(C)
q= load resource (C)
r = the distance between load testers to load
resource (m)

The potential energy in anywhere

With:
Ep= electric potential energy for q

Electric flux
Electric flux is the number lines of force
that penetrates perpendicular to the field.
Mathematically:
with :
= electric flux (N/C m)
E = strength electric field (N/C)
1 N/C m = 1 weber
2
A = Surface area (m )
= the angle between strength electric
field with the field

The Law of Gauss

The law of Gauss is based on the
concept of force lines (force field)
that penetrate a surface.
The number of force lines that
penetrates a surface vertically at
each point is proportional to the
strength electric field at that point
and it expressed by the equation:

E = strength field that perpendicular to the

field
o = permetivitas vacuum
An = surface area that penetrated the line
style
N = the number of lines of force
The sound of Gauss' law: "The number of
force lines that penetrates a surface is
proportional with the amount of electric
charge that covered by the closed surface"

N= q

Electrostatic Potential
Potential difference between points A and B (V BVA) is defined as the effort per unit of cargo.
or

With:
q=charge transferred (C)
V= potential difference (V)
W= attempt to move the cargo (J)

Strength Electric Field on 2

Parallel Plate

Meeting of the charge () is

the charge per unit area of
chip.
The number of force lines that
permeates chip is

Because the electric field penetrates

perpendicularly into pieces, then cos
= 1, so

Electric Capacity
Capacitor
Formation of two conductor which its
shape is no particular and neutral
attributed to a battery, till arise
potential difference V among both
and each charge conductor +q and
q.

Capacitor capacity
Capacities a conductor is comparison
between payload conductor and its
potential.
With:
C = capacitor capacity (farad)
Q= capacitor charge (Coloumb)
V= potential difference at the end of
capacitor (V)

Parallel Chip Capacity

With :
A = large of pieces (m2)
d = distance between 2 pieces (m)
C = capacitor capacity(farad)
o = Permittivity of vacuum

If inserted the insulator with

permittivity o with = o. r, so

Capacitor Structure
Composition of Parallel Capacitors
In this arrangement applies:
1. Potential difference of each
capacitor is equal and also equal to
the voltage source
V1 = V2 = V
2. The load capacitor replacement
equal to the amount of cargo in each
capacitor.
q = q1 + q2

The charge of each capacitor

q1=C1.V and q2=C2.V
The load capacitor replacement
q=Cp.V
So
Cp.V=C1.V+C2.V
Cp = C1 + C2

Composition of Series
Capacitors
In the arrangement of series
capacitor applies:
1. The load on each capacitor is the
same, which is equal to the charge
on the capacitor replacement.
q = q1 = q2
2. Potential difference at the end of
the capacitor replacement equal to
the number of potential differences
at the end of each capacitor

With

With subtitution V, obtained

Capacitor replacement series

comprising n capacitors

Stored Energy in Capacitor

The average of Potential difference
With
during the process of moving
cargo
W= capacitor

Effort required

Energy (J)
C= capacitor
capacity (F)
V=Potential
difference (V)
q= load capacitor
(C)

Because
or

Question
1. A circle conductor have charge +106 C,
diameter 16 cm. Calculate the potential on
the distance 10 cm, 8 cm, and 6 cm from
the centre conductor!
2. Berapakah gaya listrik yang bekerja pada
eletron hidrogen oleh proton (inti atom
hidrogen) bila eletron mengelilingi proton
pada jarak rata rata 0, 53x10-10 ?
(qe=-1,6x10-19 C)