BRAIN

CENTRAL
NERVOU
S
SYSTEM

SPINAL
CORD

It receives and sorts out

information coming from the
environment and from inside the
body and determines the
appropriate action

PERIPHE
RALNERV
OUS
SYSTEM

 Nerves that extends

throughout the body
There are 12 pairs of
cranial nerves arising from
the brains and 31 pairs of
spinal nerves arising from
the spinal cord
It is where the
communication of body cell
and tissue occurs

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Communicates
with the
skeletal muscle

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Communicates with smooth
muscles, heart muscles and
glands

 Which speeds up or slows down

some body processes

 Which have opposite effect on

thesame body processes

FUNCTIONS
It receives information from the
environment and inside the body
It interprets the information it
receives
It makes the body respond to the
information

NEURON

 The nervous system carries signal

throughout the body in the form of
nerve impulses.
A nerve impulse is a small electrical
charge.

What system also have an small electrical

charge?

AXON KNOB
NUCLEUS
CELL BODY
MYELIN
SHEATH

AXON
DENDRITES

NODE OF
RANVIER

SIGNAL
OR
MESSAGE
DENDRITE OF
A NEURON

TRAVELS
ALONG THE
NEURON
REACHES
THE END OF
THE AXON

DENDRITE OF
A NEURON
REACHES ANOTHER
DENDRITES
CHEMICAL PASSES
THROUGH SYNAPSE
NEUROTRANSMITTER

TRIGGERS
THE KNOB

The Spinal Cord

It is a part of the central
nervous system
Starts from the base of
the skull and extends
through most of the
backbone or vertebral
column

The Spinal Cord

It is a cylinder of nerve tissue
as thick as a finger and about
45 cm long
At the center of the cord is a
gray matter and surrounding it
is a white matter

GRAY MATTER
Contains the cell bodies and motor
connector neurons
The axons of the sensory neurons,
whose cell bodies outside the spinal
cord, also enter the gray matter

WHITE MATTER
Contains the axons of neurons that run
lengthwise through spinal cord
The spinal cord is surrounded by the
membranes called meninges
Coming out of the spinal cord on both
sides and at regular intervals are the
spinal nerve roots. The spinal nerve
branch out to the different parts of the
body

 It is the link between the peripheral

and nervous system and the brain
The nerve tracts that make up the white
matter in the spinal cord are the
pathways of information to and from
the brain
Sensory messages from the eyes, ears
and other sense organs pass upward
through the spinal cord to the brain.

 The pathway for

sensory nerves
are ascending
tracts. Motor
signals from the
brain pass
downward
through the
spinal cord to the
neurons that lead
to the glands or
muscle

 The spinal cord also handle some

information coming from the senses
and provide motor responses that do
not come from the brain. This called a
reflex action
A reflex is an automatic response
which is controlled by the spinal cord
The messages reaches the brain after
the action is done
In some cases the message is not
transmitted to the brain