DELIVERING THE

CURRICULUM:
THE ROLE OF
STAKEHOLDERS IN
CURRICULUM
IMPLEMENTATION

Who are the

Stakeholders?

Are individuals or institution that

are interrelated in the school
curriculum.

They are the one who put into

action and give life to the
curriculum

They shape the school curriculum

implementation

A. Learners at the
Center of Curriculum

They are the very reason a

curriculum is developed.
They make and unmake the
curriculum by their active and direct
involvement.
How each individual learners
contribute to the realization of a
planned curriculum would depend on
the interaction and internalization of
the different learning activities.

Learners are the primary

stakeholders in the curriculum.
Considerations must be made such as the
following:
a) Age
b) Gender
c) Physical, mental and emotional
development
d) Cultural background
e) Aspiration and personal goals

The success of the curriculum can only be

measured by the extent of learning that
the learners have achieved.

2. Teachers as Curriculum
Developers and Implementers

Planning and writing the curriculum are the

primary role of teacher. A teacher is a
curriculum maker.
Teacher writes a curriculum daily through a
lesson plan, unit plan or a yearly plan.
Teachers addresses the goals, needs
interests of the learner by creating
experiences from where the students can
learn.
Teachers design, enriches and modifies the
curriculum to suit the learners
characteristics.

Teacher are part of textbook

committee, faculty selection boards,
school evaluation committees or
textbook writers themselves.
Teachers therefore become
architects of school curriculum.
On the other hand a developed
curriculum remains inactive if it is
not implemented.
At this point, the teachers role now
shifts from DEVELOPER to
IMPLEMENTER.

Curriculum implementation is now

giving life to the written material
with the help of learning.
The teachers role now shifts from
PLANNING to DOING.
Doing here implies guiding,
facilitating and directing activities.
Some would say that the root of
the educational problem is the
teacher. It just point out to the
inability of the teacher to
implement well a curriculum.

3. Curriculum Managers
and Administrators

They supervise curriculum implementation, select

and recruit new teachers, admit students,
procure equipment and materials needed for
effective learning.
They also plan for the improvement of school
facilities and physical plants.
They have privilege to command but at the same
time to lead the institution.
They are responsible for the final decision making
in terms with the school purpose.
They are responsible to the kind of curriculum
their school will offer and how these are
implemented.

4. Parents as Supporters
to the Curriculum

My child and my money go to this

school
It simply means that the parents are
the best supporters of the school,
especially because they are ones
paying for their child education.
How do parents shape the
curriculum and why are they
considered as stakeholders?

A.

Effective parental involvement in

school affairs may be linked to
parent educational program which
is central to high quality
educational experiences of the
children.
It results to better communication

between home and school, in this

case there will be lesser disciplinary
problems, greater student motivation
and more responsibility for learning.
Thus results to greater academic
achievement of students.

B.

Parents involvement extends

from the confine of the school to
the home.
The parents follow up the lesson of

their children.
Provides curriculum materials that
are not provided in schools
Provide permission for their
children to participate in various
activities outside the campus.

C.

In most schools the Parent

Association is organized.
In most cases Parents association

have strengthened the school

curriculum by giving support to
various activities and assisting on
the accomplishment of the schools
curriculum.
It is called Parents Teacher
Association or Parents Teacher
Community Association.

5. Community Members
as Curriculum Resources

The community members may provide

materials in the existing local community
can very well substitute for what are
needed to implement the curriculum.
Respected community members maybe
included in school boards.
Some can become resource speakers that
can provide local and indigenous
knowledge in the school curriculum.
It can provide books, material and
facilities in the school.

6. Other Stakeholders in
Curriculum
Implementation

Professional Organizations
They are being asked by the curriculum

especially to contribute in curriculum review

because they have voice in licensure
examination, curriculum enhancement and
others.

Government
It has a great stake in the curriculum

implementation.
It is represented by DepEd for basic
education curricula and CHED for tertiary
and graduate education curricula

While Supreme Courts has

professional bar exam to certify
lawyers and Philippine Medical
Association through its medical
board exams for Licensure
Examination for Doctors.

Beliefs/Factors Affecting the

Delivery of the Curriculum

The Teacher

The most important person in the

curriculum implementation process is the
teacher. With their knowledge, experience
and competencies, teachers are central to
any curriculum improvement effort.
Teachers are the most knowledgeable
about the practice of teaching and are
responsible for introducing the curriculum
in the classroom.

The Learners
The learners hold the key to what
is actually transmitted and
adopted from the official
curriculum. The official curriculum
can be quite different from the
curriculum that is actually
implemented. The learner factor
influences teachers in their
selection of learning experiences.

Resource Materials and Facilities

Supplying schools with adequate
resource materials such as
textbooks, teaching aids and
stationery in order to enable
teachers and learners to play their
roles satisfactorily in the
curriculum implementation
process.

Culture and Ideology

Cultural and ideological
differences within a society or
country can also influence
curriculum implementation. Some
communities may resist a
domineering culture or
government ideology and hence
affect the implementation of the
centrally planned curriculum.

The School Environment

Schools located in rich socioeconomic environments and those
that have adequate human and
material resources can implement
the curriculum to an extent that
would be difficult or impossible for
schools in poor economic
environments.

Instructional Supervision
Leadership
Curriculum implementation cannot
be achieved unless it has been
made possible through the
supervisory function of the school
principal. The principal does this
through deploying staff, allocating
time to subjects taught at the
school, providing teaching and
learning materials, andcreating
an atmosphere conducive to
effective teaching and learning.

Role of Technology in
Delivering the Curriculum

Upgrading the quality of

teaching-and-learning in schools

Increasing the capability of the

teacher to effectively inculcate
learning, and for students to
gain mastery of lessons and
courses

Revolutionizing the use of

technology to boost educational
paradigm shifts that give
importance to student-centered
and holistic learning.

Broadening the delivery of

education outside schools
through non-traditional
approaches to formal and
informal learning, such as Open
Universities and lifelong

Factors for Technology

Selection

Practicality
is the equipment (hardware) or
already prepared lesson
material (software) available? If
not, what would be the cost in
acquiring the equipment or
producing the lesson in audial or
visual form

Appropriateness In Relation to the

Learners
is the medium suitable to the learners
ability to comprehend? Will the medium
be a source of plain amusement or
entertainment, but not learning?

Activity/Suitability
will the chosen media fit the set
instructional event, resulting in either
information, motivation, or psychomotor
display?
objectives should be matching
overall, does the medium help in
achieving the learning objectives?

PILOT TESTING
This process will gather empirical data
to support whether the material or the
curriculum is useful, relevant, reliable
and valid.

Most field testing or try out follow some

form of research designs.

In the implementation of the

curriculum,
there
are
processes needed after it
has
been
written
and
implementation.
Pilot
testing or field try out is one
of the common practices of
curriculum
makers
to
determine the strength and
the weaknesses of a written
or planned curriculum.

Using
the
principles
of
curriculum writing and backed
up by the content specialization
of
the
writers
and
the
consultants, the modules were
reviewed by the consultants and
peers, however, there was a
need to try out or pilot test the
activities and the field practical
by the users who are the
student themselves.

The try out or pilot testing assures

the teachers and the schools that
indeed the curriculum materials
are ready for printing and
distribution.

Modification and revision are

inherent characteristics of a
curriculum. The pilot test or try
out is a developmental process
that gives the signal as to whether
the particular curriculum can
already be implemented with

Monitoring
Implementation

Curriculum monitoring- ask the

question: how are we doing?

Important to determine if
curriculum is still relevant and
effective.

Periodic assessment and adjustment

during the period of time.

Like formative evaluation.

Determines how the curriculum is

working.

Provides decision that would even

end or terminate the program.

Done by the module writers,

curriculum experts or outside
agencies.

SHORT QUIZ
True or False
Direction: Write TRUE if the statement
is correct and FALSE if the statement is
incorrect.
1. A curriculum is solely made for
the teachers, and teachers alone.
2. Pilot testing is alternately called
Field testing.
I.

3.

4.

5.
6.

Parents are also considered as

stakeholders in the implementation of
curriculum.
Teachers, as well as students, are the
most important people in the process
of implementing the curriculum.
Planning and writing the curriculum are
the primary role of students.
Managers and administrators supervise
curriculum implementation, select and
recruit new teachers, admit students,
procure equipment and materials
needed for effective learning.

One factor for Technology Selection is

Appropriateness. It is knowing if the
material is suitable to the learners ability
to comprehend.
8. All communities adhere to any domineering
culture or government ideology, and hence
there is no effect on the implementation of
the centrally planned curriculum.
9. The learners hold the key to what is
actually transmitted and adopted from the
official curriculum.
10.There should be periodic assessment and
adjustment during the period of
implementing the curriculum.
7.

ANSWERS
1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE

6. TRUE
7. TRUE
8. FALSE
9. TRUE
10.
TRUE