Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CLIMATE CHANGE
UNDERSTANDING,
MANAGING, &
REDUCING RISKS
IMPACTS
EMISSIONS
and Land-use Change
IMPACTS
EMISSIONS
and Land-use Change
OBSERVED IMPACTS
OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ARE WIDESPREAD
AND CONSEQUENTIAL
YIELD IMPACT
(% Change per Decade)
-2
90th Percentile
-4
75th Percentile
Median
-6
25th Percentile
Wheat
Soy
Rice
Maize
10th Percentile
CROP TYPE
VULNERABILITY
AND
EXPOSURE
AROUND
THE WORLD
PEOPLE, SOCIETIES,
AND ECOSYSTEMS
AROUND THE WORLD
VULNERABLE
AND EXPOSED
IN DIFFERENT WAYS
ADAPTATION IS
ALREADY OCCURRING
ADAPTATION IS
ALREADY OCCURRING
INCREASING MAGNITUDES
OF WARMING INCREASE
THE LIKELIHOOD OF
SEVERE AND
PERVASIVE IMPACTS
End of 21st
century
-21 50%
-6 20%
-1 5%
No data
0 4%
5 19%
20 49%
50 100%
>100%
Risk Level
Very
Low
Med
Very
High
Present
Near Term (2030-2040)
Long Term
(2080-2100)
2C
4C
Potential for
Additional Adaptation to
Reduce Risk
HEALTH
ECOSYSTEMS
Very
Low
RATE OF CHANGE
Risk-Level
Very
High
Med
Present
Near Term (2030-2040)
Long Term 2C
(2080-2100) 4C
Potential for
Additional
Adaptation to
Reduce Risk
NORTH AMERICA
WILDFIRES
HEAT
EUROPE
FLOODS
HEAT
FLOODS
ASIA
WATER
FLOODS
HEAT
DROUGHT
THE OCEAN
AFRICA
WATER
FISHERIES
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA
SMALL ISLANDS
WATER
CORALS
FOOD
CORALS
AUSTRALASIA
LIVELIHOODS
FOOD
COASTS
FLOODS
HEALTH
HEALTH
COASTS
COASTS
Water availability;
flooding and land
slides
Decreased food
security &
agricultural income
Spread of vectorborne diseases
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
Extremes
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
Unfairness of impacts
Challenges of resolution
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
An aggregate view
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
Based on WGII
Box SPM 1
Figure 1
EFFECTIVE CLIMATE
CHANGE RESPONSES
A MORE VIBRANT WORLD
Socioeconomic
pathways
Adaptation
&
Diverse
values &
Interactions
objectives
with
Mitigation
Vulnerability &
Exposure
Vulnerability & exposure
reduction
Low-regrets strategies &
actions
Addressing
multidimensional
CLIMATE
inequalities
IMPACTS
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
Natural
Variability
Anthropogenic
Climate Change
Socioeconomic
Pathways
Anthropogenic
Climate Change
Hazards
Risk
RISK
Exposure
Risk
Risk assessment
Iterative risk
management
Anthropogenic
Risk perception
Climate
Change
Mitigation
Climate &
resilient
Incremental
pathways
transformational
adaptation
Transformation
Co-benefits, synergies, &
trade-offs
SOCIOECONOMIC
Context-specific
adaptation
PROCESSES
Complementary actions
Exposure
Adaptation and
Mitigation Actions
Socioeconomic
Pathways
Adaptation and
Mitigation
Actions
Governance
Governance
Governance
EMISSIONS
and Land-use Change
Decision- making
under uncertainty
Learning, monitoring,
& flexibility
Coordination across
scales
CLIMATE CHANGE
UNDERSTANDING,
MANAGING, &
REDUCING RISKS