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LECTURE14:
AMMONIA, NITRIC ACID,
NITROGEN BASED FERTILIZERS
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AMMONIA
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AMMONIA: PROPERTIES
Properties
NH3
Molar mass
17.031 g/mol
Appearance
Colourless gas
Odor
Density
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubilityinwater
Solubility
soluble inchloroform,ether,ethanol,methanol
Vapor pressure
8573 h Pa
Acidity(pKa)
32.5 (33C)
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Molecular formula
AMMONIA: PROCESSES
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Hydrogen
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Nitrogen
Feed stock
Natural gas
Partial oxidation
Coal
Partial oxidation
Water
Eletrolysis
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Iron
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The
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Reaction
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) H = 22.0 kcals
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of reactant gases
Compression
Catalytic
reaction
Recovery of ammonia and recycle of reactant gases
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Reaction
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) H = 22.0 kcals
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AMMONIA:
HABER AND
BOSCH
PROCESS
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Both water and producer gases are mixed in such a ratio so that
after purification concentration of N2 and H2 by volume becomes
1:3.
The cold mixed gas is mixed with excess steam, then the hot gases
are passed through horizontal converters containing catalyst
consisting of iron oxide promoted with Cr2O3 and CeO2.
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gas
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Reaction
2CH4 + O2 2CO + 4H2
2CO + O2 2CO2
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
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AMMONIA:
USES
Ammonia
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industries
It is used for the manufacture of
It
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Slides are developed from the following references:
Austin
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