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LECTURE19:
AMMONIUM NITRATE
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
AMMONIUM SULFATE
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AMMONIUM NITRATE
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NH4NO3
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H = 20.6 Kcal
Raw materials
57
Quantitative requirements:
Basis:
Ammonia (NH3)
0.22 ton
60% HNO
1.38 ton
3
Plant
Prilling process
Crystalization process
Stangel process
Nitrolime process
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Preheated HNO3
Preheated
NH3
Reactor and
separator
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AMMONIUM NITRATE:
Major Engineering problems:
Corrosion:
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Carbon steel can only be used in the NH3 storage and feed
system.
Type 304, extra low carbon (ELC) stainless steel is used
throughout most of the remainder of an ammonium nitrate
plant.
In the Stengel process, expensive tantulum metal is used in
the heat exchanger.
Crystallization:
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AMMONIUM NITRATE:
MAJOR ENGINEERING PROBLEMS
Major Engineering problems:
Safety:
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Air
conditioned requirement
14
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
Monoammonium Phosphate (NH4H2PO4)
Mol.
115
M.P.
Decomposes
Density
1.80 gm/cc
Solubility in water
32 gm/100cc at 15 OC
wt.
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wt.
132
M.P.
Decomposes
Density
1.62 gm/cc
Solubility in water
131 gm/100cc at 15 OC
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AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
Chemical Reaction:
NH3 + H3PO4 NH4H2PO4
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AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
Process: Neutralization and granulation
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AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
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AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
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AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
Major Engineering Problems:
NH3
losses
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Corrosion
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AMMONIUM SULFATE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Slides are developed from the following references:
Austin
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