PORT LAYOUT

PRESENTED TO:PROF:-NAIK

PRESENTED BY:NILESH M ASNANI(3801)

HITESH BHADANI(3802)
RAM M BHETARIY(3803)
CHAVADA JASPAL (3804)
UMANG DAVE(3805)
SUBHASH DONGA(3806)
BHAVIKA GADHVI(3807)

Flow of Presentation
Definition of layout
Type of Harbour
Classification of Harbour
Port Term
Site Selection of Port
Feature of a port
Port Planning
Cargo Handling
Hinterland Connectivity Feature

Definition of layout
Which guide us about location and the way of

arrangement different thing is called layout

There are no specified rules governing the
layout of port
There is no branch of engineering
conception ,ingenuity and experience are so
important as in the laying out of a port

Type of Harbour

Natural Harbour
b) semi-natural Harbour
c) Artificial Harbour
a)

Type of Harbour

Natural Harbour:It is protected from storm and waves by the natural land
contours , rocky outcrops or island is called Natural harbour.
e.g. Mumbai ,Kandla, New York , san Francisco, and
London

Semi-natural Harbour :It is protected on sides by headlands and requires man-made

protection only at entrance.
e.g. Vishakhapatnam

Type of Harbour

Artificial Harbour :Manmade harbour is protected from storm and waves by

breakwater, or it created by dredging.
e.g. Madras, Hamburg, Le Havre,
Paradip and Mangalore, created by protective breakwater at the
entrance and dredging out the harbour

Classification of Harbour

Commercial Harbour
b) Military Harbour
c) Harbour of Refuge
a)

Classification of Harbour
Commercial Harbour :

It is in which facilities are provided for loading and unloading of cargo.

Docks and berth are provided for the purpose of handling cargo.
Either as a part of the bigger harbour complex or independently as a
unit.
Single commodity harbour (coal port , ore port)
Terminal is provided (oil terminal , gasoline terminal)
E.g. Madras, kandla , okha , viraval (incorporating a Fisher port)

Classification of Harbour
Military Harbour :- (Naval Base)

It is one which is meant for the purpose of accommodating naval

craft and serving as supply depot .
E.g. Hampton roads and Peary port.
Mumbai port is essentially a commercial complex with an oil
terminal and general cargo berth ,but it has a naval base

Classification of Harbour
Harbour of refuge:-

It is that which is used as a haven ships in a storm or it

may be a part of a commercial harbor.
The requirement of such a harbour are good anchorage
and a easy and safe access from the sea .
e.g. sand bay on the east costal of USA
Madras and Vishakhapatnam example of Harbour of
refuge and commercial harbour both.

PORT TERM
PORT TERM :
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Associated with the nature of port and working of port certain

terminology
Ocean port
Inland port
River port
Free port
Marine terminal
Off-shore mooring

PORT TERM
Ocean port:

Ocean port is a port of call for large ocean-ships.

Such a port use to be a natural or manmade port in bays , tidal
estuaries, river mouths or a sea costal.
But now with extensive dredging port located long distance up the
river or on lakes ,although technically river port or lakes port are
commercially ocean port
e.g. Calcutta , London

Inland port:

The word inland port is a self- explanatory terms .it also

called dry port

PORT TERM
River port: Similarly, the word river port is a self- explanatory
terms
Free port:It is a port an isolated and policed area for handling of cargo,
manufacture, blending, repacking etc the purpose of reshipping,
without the intervention of customs.
The idea is to save a lot of bother and waste of time in
formalities and encourage duty-free movement for export
E.g. Hong Kong, Singapore, Lubeck, Bremen

PORT TERM
Marine terminal:

It is port of port providing docking cargo handling and

transit storage facilities .depending upon the cargo or the
purpose (a) passenger terminal (b) oil terminal

Off-shore Mooring or Terminal :

It is an arrangement to work a ship in deep water by

providing an island structure or a single mooring buoy

Site selection

The guiding factor in the choice of a site for harbour

are:-

1)

Sea approach and marine condition

Sea-bed , sub-soil and foundation condition
Transportation and communication link
Seaborne traffic potential
Industrial infrastructure and industrial development potential in
hinterland
Agriculture base of the hinterland also its mining resources
Electrical energy and fresh water supplies
Availability of cheapest land proximity of constructional material
and labour

2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

Site selection
Sufficient large pool of water with adequate depth should be
available to accommodate the expected sipping needs as well as
to permit future expansion
The marine conditions should be favorable for as well as for
navigation the link with other ports of country trough rail ,rode
air and telecommunication should be relatively easy
The hinterland should productive enough to support the trade.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)

Feature
of
a
port
Main function of port is to provide safe and suitable
accommodation for vessel seeking refuge , supplier , refueling,
repairing or transfer of a cargo and passengers
In port there is a variety of element
Port entrance
Approach channel
Turning basin
Sheltered basin
Breakwaters
Wharves and Quays
Jetties and piers
Lock and locked basin
Dry docks and slipways

Port expansion planning

The

port area required depending on the

number and the size of ship to be
accommodated at once time in the port .
It also depend on the lengths and width needed
for movement of ships at any form berths and
the type of cargo being carried.

Cargo Handling
Port are mainly handling three type
of cargo
1.General cargo
2.Bulk cargo
3.Container cargo