POLITICAL HISTORY of the

PHILIPPINES
GAUDENCIO YARI N. ANDAYA JR.
BSN, MPA

DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System

2nd Semester 2011-2012
Professor : Jo B. Bitonio, DPA
Lyceum Northwestern University
Dagupan City

Prehistoric Phili
Datus,RajahsandSultans
ppines
Spanish colony
Crown Colony

Philippine Revolution
La Liga Filipina
Jose Rizal
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Graciano Lpez Jaena
Mariano Ponce
La Solidaridad

Katipunan
Andres Bonifacio
Gregorio del Pilar
Melchora Aquino

Spanish-American War

First Philippine
Republic
Emilio Aguinaldo
Apolinario Mabini
Pedro Paterno
Mariano Trias

Philippine-American War

American territory
US Military Governor:
Arthur MacArthur, Jr.

Commonwealth of the Philippines

Quezon, Manuel L.

Republic of the Philippines

Third Republic of the

Philippines
Manuel Roxas
Elpidio Quirino
Ramon Magsaysay
Carlos P. Garcia
Diosdado Macapagal

Martial Law Era

Ferdinand

Marcos
Benigno Aquino, Jr.
EDSA Revolution

Fifth Republic of the Philippines

Corazon

Aquino
Fidel Ramos
Joseph Estrada
EDSA II
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Benigno Aquino III

Philippine System of
Government and Politics
From the time when the Philippines declared itself a
sovereign state in 1898, the nation has had four
majorconstitutions:
(1) the 1899constitution, which established the first
republic in Asia;
(2) the 1935constitution, which served as the basic law
during the period of self-government while the Philippines
was still under American rule and after it became
independent in 1946;
(3) the 1973constitution, which allowed Ferdinand Marcos
to continue to hold office as president; and
(4) the1987 constitution, upon which the present
government is based, which essentially restored
institutions and processes dismantled by Marcos during his
regime

The Executive Branch

As chief executive, the president has the power to

execute laws.
The president is assisted by a cabinet, which
currently comprises twenty-three departments.
Among the more important departments
areForeign Affairs, National Defense, Finance,
Interior and Local Government, Justice, andTrade
and Industry.
Both president and vice president are elected at
large for a six-year term with no possibility of
reelection.
The executive branch consists of the President and his
Cabinet. The Senate and the House of Representatives
make up the bicameral legislature. The Supreme Court
heads the systems of courts under the judicial branch.

TheLegislative Branch
The Philippine Congress is a bicameral body, the upper

house being the Senate and the lower house being the
House of Representatives.

These two houses possess equal power, although

budgetary bills must originate in the lower house, while

treaty ratification rests exclusively with the upper house.

Congress consists of a 24-member Senate and a 250-member

House of Representatives. The voters of the entire nation elect

senators to six-year terms.
Voters from different districts elect 200 of the representatives to
three-year terms. The remaining 50 representatives are selected
from lists drawn up by the political parties to ensure
representation of women, ethnic minorities, and certain
economic and occupational groups.
The number selected from each party's list is about one-fourth of
the number of the party's elected representatives. All Philippine
citizens who are at least 18 years old may vote.

The Judiciary
Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and
in the lower courts.
Members of the judiciary are chosen by the
president from a list of nominees provided by the
Judicial and Bar Council, a constitutional body
composed of representatives from the executive,
legislative, and judicial branches of government,
the legal profession, and the private sector.
Once appointed, judges have secure tenure and
can serve until the age of seventy or until they
become incapacitated.

Constitutional
Commissions

Theconstitutionalso provides for

independent constitutional commissions,
namely, the Civil Service Commission, the
Commission on Elections, and the
Commission on Audit.

Local Governments
The lowest political unit in the Philippines is
thebarangay(village).
Thebarangayis administered by a council
headed by apunong
barangay(chairperson).
Severalbarangays make upa city or
municipality.

Administrative subdivisions
The Philippines is divided into a hierarchy of
local government units (LGUs) with
theprovinceas the primary unit. As of 2007,
there are 81 provinces in the country.

International organization
participation
The Philippines is a founding and active member
of theUNsince its inception on October 24,
1945 and is a founding member of the ASEAN.

Islam Influence on the

Political System
Islam has a great influence on the political
system of the natives in the Southern
Philippines. The sultan of the Muslim
community is still the sultan of Muslim
provinces.

The Philippine
Administrative System
The administrative system of the Republic
of the Philippines is comprised of a central
government and its territorial and political
subdivisions, which enjoy local autonomy:
the provinces, cities, municipalities and
barangays

Politics of the Philippines

Thank You