English for Translation 1

2nd Class : March, 8th 2015

Wahyu Andy
wanprabu@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

Some Guidances in Translating

Be careful with word by word translation
Avoid loss of meaning
Not restricted by vocabulary or grammatical
forms
Be aware of the term register
Do not use everyday language
Should only be based on meanings in the
source language
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Terms
Transgenic plantsareplantsthathavebeen

geneticallyengineered,abreedingapproachthatuses
recombinantDNAtechniquestocreateplantswithnew
characteristics
Ex:seedlesswatermelon
Domestication,theprocessofhereditaryreorganization
ofwildanimalsandplantsintodomesticandcultivated
formsaccordingtotheinterestsofpeople.

Task3
Whymaketransgeniccropplants?
Aplantbreedertriestoassembleacombinationofgenesin
acropplantwhichwillmakeitasusefulandproductiveas
possible.Dependingonwhereandforwhatpurposethe
plantisgrown,desirablegenesmayprovidefeaturessuch
ashigheryieldorimprovedquality,pestordisease
resistance,ortolerancetoheat,coldanddrought.

Task4
Combiningthebestgenesinoneplantisalongand

difficultprocess,especiallyastraditionalplantbreeding
hasbeenlimitedtoartificiallycrossingplantswithinthe
samespeciesorwithcloselyrelatedspeciestobring
differentgenestogether.Forexample,ageneforprotein
insoybeancouldnotbetransferredtoacompletely
differentcropsuchascornusingtraditionaltechniques.

Task5
Transgenictechnologyenablesplantbreederstobring

togetherinoneplantusefulgenesfromwiderangeof
livingsources,notjustfromwithinthecropspeciesor
closelyrelatedplants.Thistechnologyprovidesthe
meansforidentifyingandisolatinggenescontrolling
specificcharacteristicsinonekindoforganism,for
movingcopiesofthosegenesintoanotherquitedifferent
organism,whichwillthenalsohavethose
characteristics.

Task6
Thispowerfultoolenablesplantbreederstodowhat

theyhavealwaysdonegeneratemoreusefuland
productivecropvarietiescontainingnewcombinationof
genesbutitexpandsthepossibilitiesbeyondthe
limitationsimposedbytraditionalcrosspollinationand
selectiontechniques.

Learning activity 2
Growing Vegetables Organically

Terms
Ditch:parit,saluranirigasi
Turn Into:tochangeintosomethingdifferent.To

transform.
Soilborne:transmittedbyorinsoil
Legume:tanamanpolong2an

Irrigation
Growingacropwithoutirrigationispossible,butyour

successisenhancedwithirrigation.Severaldifferent
methodsofirrigationcanbeused,withoverheadand
trickleirrigationthemostcommon.Trickleirrigationisthe
mostwateruseefficientbecausewaterisdelivered
directlytoplantroots.Withlowvolumesoakerhose,drip
tape,oremitters.Thedisadvantageoftrickleirrigationis
costinstallationandmaintenance.

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Greenmanures
Anycropgrownonlandwiththeintentofturningitinto

thesoiliscalledagreenmanure.Generally,legumes
andvariousgrassesaregrownasgreenmanure.
Turningunderacropcanprovideanumberofbenefits,
includingincreasingorganicmatterofthesoil,
decreasingcertaindiseaseproblems,andincreasingthe
nutrientlevelinthesoil.Afterthegreenmanureisturned
under,itdecomposesandaddsnutrientsandorganic
mattertothesoil.

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Soil solarization
Difficulttocontrolweedsandsoilbornepathogensmay

becontrolledwithsoilsolarization.Soilsolarization
shouldbereservedforsolvingthesespecificproblemsin
yourgarden,howeveritcanalsokillbeneficial
microorganismsandinsects.
Rumput2liaryangsulitdikendalikandanpenyakityang
menyebarmelaluitanahdapatdikendalikandengan
penyinarantanah.
Penyinarantanahharusdilakukanuntukmemecahkan
permasalahankhususdalamkebunanda.
Akantetapi,hati-hatikarenapenyinarandapatjuga
membunuhmikroorganismedanseranga2yang
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bermanfaat.

FINISH
Thanks for your attention

Please prepare Module 5 for the next class

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