Plant Layout & Facility

Design

PURPOSE OF PLANT LAYOUT

1. Reduction in capital investment by reducing floor area by effective space planning.
2. Less accidents through material & man force flow and also by isolating risky areas in a required manner.
3. Improvement in quality of product by better and effective control & management.
4. Better security check.
5. Reducing recurring expenses by
a) Efficient material handling system.
b) Compact service net work.
c) Proper provision of repairs.
d) Effective use of natural resources.
6. Increase in production through
a) Efficient work stations.
b) Time saved in material handling.
c) Reduction in delay / on line store.
d) Better work environment.

MAIN OBJECTIVES
1. Understand basic principles of good plant layout and its influence on production / work efficiency.
2. Relate production system, plant layout and building.
3. Understand plant layout for which basic knowledge of
a) Building
b) Structural engineering
c) Infrastructure
d) Mechanical engineering
e) Health standards and
f) Costing is required.
4. Be familiar with the field of architecture so as to understand
a) Design brief.
b) Design priorities.
c) Design process.
d) Available / implications of materials and technology of their use.
e) Building regulations.
f) Determinants of architecture.

INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SHOULD REFLECT

1. Utility.
a) Functions.
b) Work habits / production systems.
c) Equipments / furniture / systems.
d) Comfort standards and corresponding efficiency.
e) Scale of operations and involvement of humans
.
2. Beauty / aesthetics.
f) Mass space.
g) Light shadow.
h) Colour texture.
i) Form scale.
j) Interest value holding capacity.
k) Continuity pause.
3. Strength.
l) Material, technology & detailing.
m) Life.
n) Structural stability real and perceptual.
o) Safety.
p) Security.
q) Water tightness.
r) Sound & thermal proof.

DETERMINANTS OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

1. Regulations and design codes
a) Factory act.
b) BIS / NBO / ILO(OSHA) codes.
c) Local by-laws.
d) Margins.
e) Ground coverage FAR.
f) Total permissible construction FSI.
g) Height.
h) Functions / facilities to be accommodated and their minimum standards.
i) Building type.
2. Climate
a) Sun path.
b) Wind direction.
c) Rain/ snow fall.
d) Effective temperature & humidity.
e) Comfort level.
3. Nature of industry / production
a) Scale and nature of activities.
b) Proposed material handling methods and equipment.
c) Production process.
d) Engagement of man power.
4. Context / location
a) Town Planning zone.
b) Approach.
c) Surroundings.

Continued

DETERMINANTS OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

5. Site.
a) Area.
b) Shape.
c) Topography.
d) Soil conditions.
e) Existing vegetation / construction.
f) Orientation.
g) Available services.
6. Cost
a) Material + technology + construction initial capital cost.
b) Maintenance / repair / replacement cost.
c) Life span and degree of performance.
7. Personal preferences of designer / owner / user
a) Priorities established.
b) Expected revenue returns / time span.
c) Likings / disliking.
d) Image to be projected.