A Training Seminar ON

“AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF
INDIA ”

UNDERGONE AT I.G.I AIRPORT

NEW DELHI
A Power Point Presentation by:
NITIN CHAUHAN
EC-A ( IV YR.)

1
 ABOUT AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA
• Airports Authority of India (AAI) was constituted by
an Act of Parliament and came into being on 1st
April, 1995 by merging erstwhile National Airports
Authority and International Airports Authority of
India.
• The merger brought into existence a single
Organization entrusted with the responsibility of
creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing Civil
Aviation infrastructure both on the ground and air
space in the country.
• AAI manages 126 airports, which include 11
international airports, 89 domestic airports and
26 civil enclaves at Defence airfields.
• AAI provides air navigation services over 2.8 million
square nautical miles of airspace. During the year
2002-03,
• AAI at various airports handled about 5 lakhs
aircraft movements (4 lakhs domestic and 1 lakh2
international);40 million passengers (26 million
 Functions of AAI
•Control and management of the Indian airspace
extending beyond the territorial limits of the
 country, as accepted by ICAO
•Design, Development, Operation and Maintenance of
International and Domestic Airports and Civil
Enclaves.
•Construction, Modification and Management of Passenger
Terminals
•Development and Management of Cargo Terminals at
International and Domestic airports.
•Provision of Passenger Facilities and Information
System at the Passenger Terminals at airports.
•Expansion and strengthening of operation area viz.
Runways, Aprons, Taxiway, etc.
•Provision of visual aids.
•Provision of Communication and Navigational aids viz.
ILS, DVOR, DME, Radar, etc. 3
 Various units at AAI (IGI airport, Palam, New Delhi)
q Radar unit
Ø ASR site.
Ø ARSR site.
q AMSS or AFTN
q NAV - AIDS
Ø I.L.S.
Ø Radar.
q V.H.F
Ø H.F systems.
Ø V.H.F systems.
q Automation system
Ø LAN.
Ø TRS.
Ø RDPS.
Ø FDPS.
Ø DRF.
Ø OCP.
Ø TOWER POSITION.
Ø CMD.
Ø DMS.

4
FACILITIES TO AIRPORT GROUND STAFF

RADAR

AMSS OR AFTN

GPS TIME

VCCS

SITA LINK
5
 RADAR
ØThe ASR SITE : ASR radars are for approach control. ASR site
has two radars:-
qPSR
§Frequency : S - Band (2 - 4 GHz).
§Range : 60 NM.
qMSSR
§Frequency : L – Band (1 – 2 GHz).
§Range : 210 NM.
Ø The ARSR SITE – ARSR radars are for route control. ARSR
site has two radars.
q PSR
§ Frequency : L - Band (1 - 2 GHz).
§ Range : 220 NM.
q MSSR
§ Frequency : L – Band (1 – 2 GHz).
§ Range : 250 NM. 6
Ø
OUTPUT OF RADAR :-
Output of radar is achieved on raster screen
(which stores data). It provides the following data
:-
• Range
• Azimuth angle
• Speed of aircraft
• Altitude
• SSR code

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 AMSS OR AFTN
Ø Collects flight plans, related messages from airlines,
private operators etc.
Ø Distributes data to appropriate ATCS.
Ø Exchange data with another ATCS via AFTN.
q AMSS or AFTN provides following data
:
§ Flight data.
§ MET information : Meteorological
information.
§ NOTAM : Notice to airmen.
§ Service messages.
GPS TIME
ØIt is also called time reference system.
VCSS
Ø It provides the operating personnel on the ground
with communication
access to each other. 8
Ø A/G radios to communicate with the airplanes.
 SITA LINK
It is a French company .
SITA stands for society of international
telecommunication association.
It provides information about the aircraft but cannot
give speed, temperature, environment etc.
SITA = ADS - C + CPDLC
ADS-C : automatic dependent surveillance contract.
CPDLC : controller pilot data link communication.

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10
 NAV – AIDS
q I.L.S
Ø Localizer :- Helps aircraft to identify the
central line of runway.
§ Range:- 10-25 NM
§ Frequency:- 108-111.9 MHz

Ø D . M . E :- Gives the distance of aircraft from

touch down point.
§ Range:- 50 NM
§ Frequency:- 960-1215 MHz
Ø Glide Path :- Gives the glide angle i.e. angle
of declination to achieve for safe
landing.
§ Range:- 10 NM(-8 to +8 degrees)
§ Safe glide angle:- 2-4 degrees

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Ø Markers:- Indicate significant points along the
approach path.
there are two markers:-

§ Middle marker :-
Range:- 17 NM & -35 to +35 degrees
§ Outer marker :-
Range:- 25 NM &-10 to +10 degrees

Ø Locators:- Non directional beacon.

Ø
Ø V . O . R:- Transmit bearing signal that enroute
aircraft

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Diagram illustrates the functioning and positioning of NAV-
AIDS

13
Location of nav-aids equipments at the runway

14
 RADAR
There are basically two types of radar
Ø S - band radar :- Range -50 NM.
Frequency – 2.7 to 2.9 GHz.
Ø L - band radar :- Range – 200 NM.
Frequency – 1.1 to 1.3 GHz.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
These elements cover ground to air and ground to ground
communication.
Enables the pilot to communicate with the controller in
ATCS.
q High frequency ( H . F ) : Not in use now a days.
But forms the basis of VHF communication system.
Ø Frequency : 3 to 30 MHz.
q Very high frequency ( V . H . F ) : It has different
frequencies for communication of ground staff with
aircrafts.
Ø Frequency : 118 to 136 MHz.
§ Ground frequency : 121.9 MHz.
§ Tower frequency : 118.1 MHz.
§ Approach frequency : 127.1 MHz. 15
 ON
TI
M A
T O M
AU TE
YS
S

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 AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Provides the air traffic controller with the
information required for the safe and efficient
performance of their duties.
q Primary mission :
Ø To enhance the safety of air travel
through the timely acquisition and
presentation of flight related data for use by
air traffic controller.
q Secondary mission :
Ø To support training of air traffic
controllers and support staff.
Ø To support evaluation of revised
operational environment, testing/evaluation
of new system functionality.
Ø Offline analysis of recorded data from
system operation.
Ø Investigation of system anomalies.
Ø DBMS. 17
 Types of equipments in the unit

SUBSYSTEM TYPE SUBSYSTEM DESCRIPTION MAIN H/W CONFIG.

RDPS Radar data processing SUN FIRE-210
system
FDPS Flight data processing SUN FIRE-210
system
DRF Data recording facility SUN FIRE-210
SDD Situation data display SUN BLADE-2500
FDD Flight data display SUN BLADE-1500
CMD Control and monitoring SUN BLADE-1500
display
AIS Aeronautical information SUN BLADE-1500
system
DRA Direct radar access SUNFIRE-210
DMS Database management system SUN BLADE-1500
DUAL LAN N/W Connecting all the CAT-5 e
subsystems

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 AUTOMATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Critical processing systems such as RDPS, FDPS and DRF
have redundant processors to eliminate the chance of a
single point of failure disrupting critical ATC
functions.
All processing systems are interconnected via a
dual 100T/1000T Ethernet LAN. An optional third LAN is
available to provide DRA .

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 LAN
Connects all the servers and workstations so that
information can be shared by all. Two types –
Ø LAN A (master LAN).
Ø LAN B (backup LAN).
Ø LAN C (DRA LAN).

q Hardware and interface description: It

consists of three Ethernet
switches.
Ø Built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet port for LAN A.
Ø Either Built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet port or a
10/100/1000 Ethernet PCI adapter (mounted within
SUN processor) for LAN B
Ø Each LAN connection is connected via a
category 5 e cable with a RJ-45 connector.

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Software description: Controlled by network operating
system (NOS) software. It is a layer on top of the UNIX
multi-tasking operating system. NOS executes in every
subsystem except the DMS subsystem. NOS provide services
to the application software in the following areas –
Ø System service interface : It provides
interface b/w application or system tasks and the
services supported by NOS. It translates to UNIX
system calls or library calls.
Ø Common n / w service elements : It
supports communications b/w the subsystems that
are connected by LANs.
Ø Time distribution and maintenance :
Periodically interrogates TRS for current date and
time and distributes to all subsystems on LAN.
Ø I / O controllers : It contains services
that allows application tasks to interface with
external devices ( i.e. radar interface).
Ø Task environment services : It contains
services that provide an environment that permits
application tasks to execute as independent
entities. 21
Ø Printer Services : It provides n/w access
 TRS
A GPS based time reference system provides
precision timing information to the automation system .
It consists of an antenna, receiver, a time and frequency
processor module at each server .

q H / W and Interface Description :

Ø GPS antenna picks up an amplifies the GPS
signal and feeds the signal to the GPS receiver.
Ø The time and frequency processor as an adaptor
with a DB-15 male to BNC female connector each .
Ø Signals are sent via RG – 58(50 ohm) coaxial
cables.

22
 RDPS
Its main purpose is to process radar data . This
includes returns consisting of both PSR & SSR track
data from detected aircraft .
Its supply target track and flight plan data to the
SDDs via the LAN.
It generates reports for display at the CMD . It makes
data available for recording at DRF.
q H / W and Interface Description : It
consists of a SUN workstation/ server, a time and
frequency processor card that accepts and IRIG- B
supplied by the TRS to synchronize RDPS to GPS or
UTC time .
q Various modes :
Ø On – line In - Use : Normal operations.
Ø On - line available : Replaces any
on – line in use RDPS with minimum
start up processing .
Ø Off - Line Available : Transitional
state b/w off – line maintenance and
the on-line available . 23

Ø Off - line maintenance : Off -line

 FDPS
Its main purpose is to create and update flight
plans based on information received from external
sources i.e. input from FDD position s and ATS messages
via AFTN .
It analyzes flight plan routes , performing flight plan
conversion, flight plan status etc.

q S / W Description : It executes FDP s/w , which

performs reprocessing required to establish and maintain
the flight plan database.
Ø Major functions of FDP s/w are:
§ Flight Plan Data Management
§ Supplement Information Management
§ FDPS Control

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 DRF
It records & allows the replay of ATC data . Data
is recorded from all subsystems onto digital audio
tape(DAT) and hard disk.
q H / W & Interface Description : It consists of
two SUN 12 GB 4mm DDS- 3 Tape Drives that are daisy
chained and connected to SCSI port of SUN server .

q S / W Description : The data is recorded onto

disk to support playback of recent events & onto a DAT
to support playback of events that had been
achieved .

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 OPC
Its primary function is to control aircraft that
enters its assigned area of jurisdiction and to monitor
aircraft flight plan progress .
q H / W & Interface Description : It consists of
FDD / ADD, FDD/ADD/DLD, FDD/DLD each consist of a SUN
workstation / Server as well as a keyboard and a
mouse.
q S / W Description : It runs in the SDD processor ,
provides the processing required to display track and
flight data received from RDPS.
TOWER POSITION
Its primary function is to monitor air traffic in
the immediate area .
q H / W and Interface Description : It consist of
FDD / ADD using SUN workstations/ servers with keyboard
and mouse. There is a graphic card on the PCI bus that
drives a high bright tower display. 26
 CMD
It provides an integrated capabilities for control
and monitoring of the automation components and radar .
q H / W & Interface Description : It consists of a
SUN workstation / server , a keyboard , a mouse , and a
display that is connected to the built in video on the
system board . A printer is connected to the serial port
via a custom RS- 232 null modem cable to print out system
status information .

q S / W Description : It is the interface for

supervisors to monitor and control system failures and
configuration changes .

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 DMS
It serves as an off-line workstation for
generating and preparing site adaption parameters .

q H / W and Interface Description : It consist

of SUN workstation / Server a keyboard and a mouse
. A display is connected to the built in video on
the system board . A laser printer can be accessed
via the automation system LAN (If configured ).

q S / W Description : It provides the facilities

to define sets of adaption data that can be used in
the system .

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 CONCLUSION

•Automation system forms the nerves of

the airport without which the very
existence of airport is impossible.
•During our training period we got an
opportunity to see many of the
equipments like the radar, VOR, DME, ILS,
AUTOMATION SYSTEM etc.

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 References

•Manuals provided at the time of training.

•AAI website.

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 O U
Y
N K
H A QUE
T RI ES
???

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