Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Project Scope
Come up with two alternative schemes
Give a final recommendation for the
Design Criteria
Two Designs
Conceptual
Design One
RIGID FRAME BRIDGE
CROSS SECTION
Method of Construction
Precast full span erection
Made of composite material
Post-tensioning over pre-stressing
Site
investigati
on
Foundation
&
Abutments
Formwork
Method of Constructio
Process
Transportatio
n of
prefabricate
d members
Installatio
n
Disruption of traffic
Marine traffic formwork
No piers
Road traffic
Costs
Aesthetics
Symmetry form/proportion
Lighting colour
Surroundings
Superstructure
Concrete rigid frame
Deck composite deck
Wearing surface bituminous material
Diaphragms helps distribute vertical loads &
stiffen
Substructure
Abutment -
gravity
abutment
Piers not
required
Conceptual
Design Two
Super-T
Girder
Bridge
Super T-Bridge
Design
Superstructure: Section of the
wearing surface
Deck
primary and secondary members
Design Components
Superstructure
Pre-cast Super-T beams
Span/depth ratio = (span-3)/20
Beam depth = 1000mm
4 super-T beams: 2200mm width
Concrete deck on top: 200mm
Substructure
Abutments:
substructureat the ends of a bridgespanwhere
the structure'ssuperstructurerests.
Substructure
- Bearings used to:
- Control movement
- Reduce stress involved
Design Considerations
Method of Construction
Durability and ease of maintenance
Disruption of traffic
Aesthetics
Cost
METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTION
Soil Investigations
Construction of Foundation and Abutments
Preparing the Column cap and Bearings
Pre-cast & pre-stressed
Transportation
Erection by crane lifting
Preparation of deck
DURABILITY &
MAINTENANCE
Minimal maintenance - Low Cost
Majority material used concrete - Durable
Cheap and simple - Maintenance
Accessible for future maintenance
Drainage system of the bridge
DISRUPTION TO TRAFFIC
required)
AESTHETICS
Simplicity
Fits in with simple highway design
Does not obstruct
by creek
COST
Cheaper because of:
Reduced false work
Reduced formwork
Less skilled personal
Simple and less complex
Our Design
Consisting of 4 open T-girders with a flange
width of 2200 mm
10.35 m width bridge with 4 girders with
Deck
Composite Deck: steel reinforcements or stirrups
Primary members
carried the loads from the deck and help it
Secondary members
Resists lateral deformation due to
superstructure.
Types of abutments
1. CAP-TYPE ABUTMENTS
2. SPILL-THROUGH ABUTMENTS
3. SILL-TYPE ABUTMENTS
4. FULL RETAINING ABUTMENTS
Abutment used:
Full retaining abutment used
Best for shorter structure, but the
Piers
Apier - upright support for a structure
orsuperstructuresuch as anarchorbridge
Piers are NOT required since spans for 22 metres
Road Geometry
Road geometry have an impact on both
Bridge Length
Generally there are 3 types of crossings
encountered,
Road over river or stream
Road over rail
Road over road (grade separation)
Less time of construction in super T,higher
safety
COMPARISO
N
Method of
Construction
Super T
Girder
Rigid Frame
Economics and
Costing
Super T
Girder
Rigid Frame
saves money
Ordered in bulk from factory
Durability and
Maintenance
Super T
Girder
Rigid Frame
factory controlled
conditions
withstand dynamic and
earthquake loading
Cost
and experience
Aesthetics
Shape and symmetrical nature provides
more beauty to the overall design
Environmental Impact
Insitu construction will lead to noise pollution
Conclusion
Super T girder
QUESTIONS?