Neuroanatomi

Basic terminology in
nervous system

In the CNS

Substantia grisea: collection

of nerve cell bodies and their
dendrites, gray color during
fresh condition
Cortex : the outermost layer
of gray matter in cerebrum
and cerebellum
Substantia alba : collection
of nerve fibers, white color
during fresh condition
Medulla: a central core of
white matter beneath cortex of
cerebrum and cerebellum
Nucleus: a collection
( group ) of cell bodies which
have the same shape and
function
4

Fasciculus ( tract ): a
bundle of nerve fibers
which have the same
origin, termination,
pathway and function
Formatio reticularis: an
admixture of crosscrossing fibers with
larger or smaller groups
of nerve cells occupying
the meshes

In the PNS

Ganglion : a
collection of neuronal
cell bodies outside the
CNS
Nervus : a bundle of
nerve fibers held
together by connective
tissue sheath

Neurons
Dendrites: carry nerve impulses toward cell body
Axon: carries impulses away from cell body
Synapses: site of communication between neurons using chemical
neurotransmitters
Myelin & myelin sheath: lipoprotein covering produced by glial cells
(e.g., Schwann cells in PNS) that increases axonal conduction velocity
Demyelinating diseases: e.g., Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in CNS or
GuillainBarr Syndrome in PNS
dendrites
cell
axon with
body
myelin sheath

Schwann
cell
Moores COA5 2006

synapses

Sensory (Afferent) vs. Motor (Efferent)

sensory (afferent) nerve

CNS
(pseudo-) unipolar neurons conducting impulses
from sensory organs to the CNS

e.g., skin

motor (efferent) nerve

CNS
multipolar neurons conducting impulses
from the CNS to effector organs (muscles & glands)
Grays Anatomy 38 1999

e.g., muscle

3.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Radiks post
Ganglion spinal
Cornu post
Fisura mediana
anterior

4.

5.

7.

6.

5 sulcus medianus sup

6 cornu anterior
7 cornu lateralis
sistem otonom
10

8.
9.

10.

8 conus medularis
9 fillum terminale
10 cauda equina

11

11.
12.
13.
14.
11. subs. Perforata anterior
12. Pedunculus/crus cerebri
13. N.trigeminus
14. Oliva
15. sulcus
16 piramis
17 decusatio piramidalis

15.
16.
17.

12

21.
22.

18.

23.

19.
20.

18 n. trochlearis
19 pedunculus serebelli/
brachium pontis
20 stria medularisbts pons
dg medula oblongata
21 pulvinar thalamus
22 coliculus inferior
23 coliculus facialis
24 sulcus med post

24.

13

25.

26.

27.

27 pedunculus cerebri
25 nucleus ruber
26. Subs nigra

14

30.

28.
29.

31.

28 flocculus
29 tonsila serebelli
30 sulcus post-lateral
31 lobulus biventer

15

Struktur interna
34.
32.

33.
32 nucleus dentatus
33 corpus medulare
cerebelli
34 nucleuc fastgii

Arbor vitae
16

37.

38.

35.

36.
35 girus frontalis meddius
36 area brocca
37 girus post centralis
38 girus supramarginalis

17

39.
40.

42.
43.

41.
40 girus cinguli
39 fornix
41 uncus-(corpus amygdala)
42 corpus callosum
43 cuneus
44 lobus hipocampus

44.
18

45.
46.

47.
48.

49.
45 gir orbitalis
46 Gir rectus
47 trac olfactorius
48 trigonum olfactoria
49 cplenio corpus
callosum

19

50.
51.
52.

50 caput nucleus
caudatus
51 hipocampus
52 girus dentatus
20

53.
54.

55.
56.

53Capsula interna
55 cutamen
54 lobus palidus
56 thalamus
21

57.
spatium....epidu
ral

22

58.Cisterna
subaracnoid
terminalis...
23

59.Filu
m
termina
l

62.
60.
60. Sinus
tranversus
61 Confluens
sinuum
62 Sinus
sigmod

61.

24

64.

63.

65.

63 falx cerebri
64 sinus sagitalis sup
65 sinus rectus

25

66.

67.

66

26

69.

68.

70.

68 a. serebri ant
69 a. se med
70 a. s. post
27

71.
a.s.ant

72.
a. Lenticulo
striata
28

74.
73.

73. N olfactorius /
fila olfactoria
74. Tractus
olfactorius

29

75.
76.
77.
75. Trac opticus
76. Corpus
geniculatum lateral
77. Radiatio optica
30

78.

79.
78. Ganglion
semilunare gastri
79. N mandibularis

31

Terimakasih

32