BIODIVERSITY

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Index
1.Introduction
2.Definition
3.Objective
4.Methodology
5.Area of biodiversity
6.Importance of biodiversity
7.Classification of biodiversity
8.Benefits of biodiversity
9.Biodiversity in India
10.Threats to biodiversity
11.Conservation of biodiversity
12.Organizations supporting conservation
13.Conclusion

Biodivers
ity
Bio= Life
Diversity= Variety

Introduction
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life. This
can refer to genetic variation, species variation
or ecosystem variation within an area, biome, or
planet. The word BIODIVERSITY originates from
the Greek word BIOS = LIFE and Latin word
DIVERSITAS = VARIETY. The whole word BIO
DIVERSITY generally therefore means: VARIETY
Definition
OF LIFE.
Biological diversity or biodiversity is that part
of nature which includes the differences in
genes among the individuals of a species, the
variety and richness of all the plant and animal
species at different scales in space, locally, in a
region, in the country and the world, and
various types of ecosystems, both terrestrial

Objective
1. To study the importance of biodiversity
2. To study the factors that lead to biodiversity
loss
3. To find solution for conservation of biodiversity

Methodology

In this project I have used the

Secondary
data.
Secondary
data
analysis is commonly known as second
hand analysis. It is simply the analysis
of pre-existing data in a different way or
to answer a different question than
originally intended.

Area of biodiversity
B iodiversity is everyw here, both on
land and in w ater. It includes all
organism s, from m icroscopic bacteria to
m ore com plex plants and anim als. C urrent
inventories of species, though useful,
rem ain incom plete and insuf f
i
ciant for
providing an accurate picture of the
extent and distribution of all com ponents
of
biodiversity.
B ased
on
present
know ledge of how biodiversity changes
over tim e rough estim ates can be m ade of
the rates at w hich species becam e
extinct.

Im portance of B iodiversity
Everything that lives in an ecosystem is part
of the web of life, including humans. Each
species of vegetation and each creature

has a place on the earth and plays a

vital role in the circle of life. Plant,
animal, and insect species interact and
depend upon one another for what each
offers, such as food, shelter, oxygen, and
soil enrichment. Maintaining a wide
diversity of species in each ecosystem is
necessary to preserve the web of life
that sustains all living things.

C lassif c
iation of biodiversity
Ecosystem diversity
refers to a diversity
of a place at the
level of ecosystem.

Species diversity is
the effective number
of different species
that are represented
in a collection of
individual.

Genetic diversity
refers to the total
number of genetic
characteristics in the
genetic makeup of a
species.

Benefi
ts ofbiodiversity
Consumptive value
1. Food/Drink
2. Fuel
3. Medicine
4. Batter crop varieties
5. Industrial material

Non- Consumptive

value
1. Recreation
2. Education
3. Research
4. Traditional value

Ecology services
1. Balance of nature
2. Biology productivity
3. Regulation of climate
4. Degradation of waste
5. Cleaning of air and water
6. Maintenance of soil fertility
7. Cycling of nutrients
8. Detoxification of soil and sediments
9. Stabilization of land against erosion
10.Carbon sequestration and global climate change

Biodiversity in India
India is know n for its rich heritage of
biodiversity. India is one of the 17 m ega
diverse countries in the w orld. W ith only
2.4% of the w orlds area India accounts for 78 of the w orlds recorded plant and anim als
species. India has 4 out of 34 global
biodiversity hotspots, w hich is an indicator
of high degree of endem ism in India. Indias
biodiversity
includes w ild
relatives of
agricultural
crops
and
dom esticated
anim als. Indias divese preponderance of
native
tribal and
ethnic
group
has
contributed signifi
cantly in the conservation
and diversifi
cation of biodiversity.

Threats to Biodiversity
1. Natural causes:
2. Narrow geographical area
3. Low population
4. Low breeding rate
5. Natural disasters Anthropogenic
causes:
6. Habitat modification
7. Overexploitation of selected
species
8. Innovation by exotic species.
9. Pollution
10. Hunting
11. Global warming and climate
change

Conservation ofbiodiversity
In-situ

conservation is onsiteconservationor
the conservation of
genetic resources in
natural
populations
ofplantoranimalsp
ecies, such asforest
genetic resourcesin
natural
populations
of tree species.

Ex

situ
conservation is the
process of protecting
anendangered
speciesof plant or
animal outside its
natural habitat. Ex
situ
conservationmeans
literally,
"offsiteconservation".

Organization
Supporting
Conservation

WWF: World Wildlife Fund

1 .E sta b lish e d in 1 9 6 1
2. to co n se rv e th e n a tu ra l
e n v iro n m e n t a n d e co lo g ica l p ro ce sse s
w o rld w id e .
3 .W W F s m issio n is to sto p th e
d e g ra d a tio n o f th e p la n e ts n a tu ra l
e n v iro n m e n t a n d to b u ild a fu tu re in
w h ich h u m a n s liv e in h a rm o n y w ith
n a tu re , b y :
-co n se rv in g th e w o rld s b io lo g ica l
d iv e rsity
-e n su rin g th a t th e u se o f re n e w a b le
n a tu ra l re so u rce s is su sta in a b le
-p ro m o tin g th e re d u ctio n o f
p o llu tio n a n d w a ste fu l co n su m p tio n .

W orld Conservation Strategy 1980

The World Conservation Strategy had a focus on
conservation and in placing the main focus on this it
does not place as much emphasis on political,
social, cultural and economic issues. This was
different to the United Nations Conference on
Human Environment which was held in 1972.
Another difference between the World Conservation
Strategy and UNCHE is that the World Conservation
Strategy developed ideas on how they could
implement and develop sustainable development.

Summary Points:

Maintenance of essential life support

systems (climate, water cycle, soils) and
ecological processes.
2. Preservation of genetic and species
1.

Conclusion
Biodiversity is our life. If the
Biodiversity got lost at this rate then in
near future, the survival of human being
will be threatened. So, it is our moral
duty to conserve Biodiversity as well our
Environment. Long-term maintenance of
species and their management requires
co-operative
efforts
across
entire
landscapes. Biodiversity should be dealt
with at scale of habitats or ecosystems
rather than at species level.

THANK
YOU