FLOOD & DEBRIS FLOW

REFERENCES
1. Fujita, M., 2004, Debris and Flood Control System,
Bahan Kuliah MPBA, Yogyakarta
2. Graf, W.H., 1984, Hydraulics of Sediment Transport,
Mc. Graf Hill, N.Y., USA
3. Kironoto, B. A., 1997, 2003, Hidraulika Transpor
Sedimen, Diktat Kuliah S2-Teknik Sipil UGM,
Yogyakarta (In Indonesia)
4. Yang, C., T., 1996, Sediment Transport Theory
And Practice,
5. etc. (many other references from websites)

Clasification of
Sediment Transport

Individual
movement

Bed load
Suspended load
Wash load

Massive
movement

Debris flows
Mud flows
Landslides
Pyroclastic flows

Sediment
movement

Characteristics of
Sediment Transport
Material

Gaya Dominan

Massive
movement

Mixture of
sediment
and water

Gravity force

Individual
movement

Sediment

Fluid force

Debris flow process

Water supply
Movement of
deposit

Slope
failure
Landslide

Huge landslide
Landslide dam

Erosion of bed material

Development of debris flows
Deposition on fan

Erosion

Contents of my Lecture:
(individual of sediment movement)
1. Properties of Water and Sediment
2. Incipient Motion Criteria and Application
3. Resistance to flow and bed forms
4. Bed Load Transport
5. Suspended Load Transport
6. Total Load Transport

What is Sediment Transport?

Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported

by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of
solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of water or other
liquid.

The generic categories of sediments is as follows

Gravel
Sand
Silt
Clay

Clasification of Individual sediment transport : based on

the mechanism of sediment movement and on the origin
of Sediment

Angkutan
Bed
material
dasar
material
load

Bed Load
TheBerdasarkan
mekanismeof
mechanism
Sediment
Transpor Sedimen
movement

Berdasarkan
The
origin
sumber
asalnya
of Sediment
Wash load

Suspended
Load

Sediment (individual) Movement can be

distuinguished as suspended and bed
load

Sediment movement due to Fluid Force

Bed Load Transport

Fluid force

Rolling

Sliding

Saltating

Suspended Load Transport

Vertical
Turbulence velocity

wf

wo Falling velocity

wf, = vertical turbulent velocity,

wo = falling velocity

Wash Load
Sample of turbid water

Sample of bed materials

Suspended load

Wash load

Wash load

Sand particles finer than

about 0.1 mm in diameter

EXAMPLES OF SEDIMENT
TRANSPORT PROBLEMS
(IN PICTURES)
(INDIVIDUAL & MASSIVE MOVEMENTS)

Suspended
Sediment Mixing
(polutan)

River bank erosion and

abrasion

local scouring problems

around abutment

local scouring around the

pier

Bar and
Meandering
Formation

Bed material range in

the river

Sheet and rill Erosion problems

Suara Merdeka
Contoh :
Waduk WONOGIRI (GAJAH MUNGKUR)
Kapasitas Tampungan : 554,96 Juta m3
Usia rencana waduk : 100 th
Permasalahan sedimentasi sudah terjadi
pada saat usia operasi waduk baru 20
th

telah
dilakukan
upaya
pengerukan

Kompas

Sedimentation Process in Reservoir

Deposition process
of Bed load
Deposition process
of Suspended Load

Reservoir sedimentation problem due

to Suspended Sediment Deposition

Result of Debris Flow

Hasil Aliran Debris Flow

Hasil Aliran Debris

Result of Debris Flow

Video related with

Sediment Transport

Bed Load
Ripple movement
Dunes movement
Plain bed
Antidunes
Braided Stream 1 ; Braided stream 2
Coastal Sediment Transport
Debris Flow 1, Debris Flow 2, Debris Flow 3