NAME :HARISH JAIN

CLASS: XTH C
ROLL NO. : 07
SUBJECT : S.S.T
SUBMIT TO : NAVNEET
SIR
TOPIC:BIRDS&ANIMAL IN
MY REGION
SCHOOL : RADIANT
ENGLISH ACADEMY, UMRA

BIRDS
PEACOCK

PARROT

PIGEON

SPARROW

OWL

KITE

EAGLE

CRANE

CROW

KOEL

ANIMALS

COW

DOG

MOUSE

BUFFALO

HORSE

ELEPHANT

CAMEL

GOAT

MONKEY

CAT

nimalia
ordata

PEACOCK

formes
sianidae
o
o cristatus(Indian Peafowl)&Pavo muticus(Green
: Nil (Pavo cristatus), 3 (Pavo muticus)
hout train): 35 to 50 inches (90 to 130 cm)
h train): 5 ft (1.5 m)
h
o 6 kg (8.75 to 13 lbs)
orous
bitat: Asian countries
Gestation Period:
rs
Number

Sound
:Scream

Peacocks are polygamous by nature. In the

wild, male Peacocks generally have a harem of
2 - 5 females.
Peacocks have a significant need for
companionship. Alone, they can get
heartbroken.
Only a peacock (male) has a colorful train.
The main use of the beautiful train (tail) of
peacock is to gain the attention of the peahen
and get her to mate with him.
The train of a peacock makes up more than 60
percent of his total length.
A peacocks train can be arched into a
splendid fan, which reaches across its back and
touches the ground on either side.

Keeping in mind the combined length

of a peacocks (male) train and its
large wingspan, it is one of the largest
flying birds.
Every portion of a peacocks train
changes color when it is struck by
different angles of light.
The chick of a peacock can walk, eat
and drink on its own, even when it is
hardly a day old.
Peacocks fly into trees to protect
themselves from predators as well as
to rest from holding their trains off
the ground.

The three main species of

peacocks include the Indian blue
peafowl,Green peafowl and the
Congo peafowl. Some of the
peafowl variations born through
selective breeding include the
White peafowl, Black-winged
peafowl, and also Brown, Yellow
and Purple peafowl.
Peacocks are listed as an
endangered species according to
the IUCN lists. Habitat loss,

Binomial Name: Ardea cinerea

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Two, Psittacidae (true parrots) and
Cacatuidae (cockatoos)
Species: Around 350
SOUND
:TALK
Size: 3.5 to 40 (8.7 to 100 cm)
Weight: 0.65 to 1.6 kg
Age: 10 to 75 years (depending on their
species)
Diet: Seeds, fruit, buds, nectar and pollen
Natural Habitat: Tropical and subtropical

PARROT

-While eating, parrots hold their food in one

of their feet, which can be either left or
right, making parrots left as well as right
handed.
-Parrots, when not nesting, live in groups
known as flocks and are prone to squawking
and screaming. -Parrots are omnivorous!
-Parrots, mainly pet ones, are very good at
mimicking. They can easily imitate speech &
calls of other birds &animals, even humans.
African gray parrots are the best mimics.
-Parrots are zygodactyls i.e. they have four
toes on each foot. Two of their toes point
forward and two point backward.
-Most of the parrots build their nests in
holes in trees, termite mounts, rock cavities

-Parrots have a thick muscular tongue that help

eat fruit, seeds, buds, nectar, pollen.
-They are also monogamous,which mean they h
partner for life.
-Parrots are only birds, which can pass food to
mouth with their toes.
-Parrots not only use their toes, but their bills f
climbing.
-These birds are found in warm climates, almos
the world.
-Parrots need motivation to stay healthy & che
bad for them if theare left
alone, with nothing to do. These birds need com
-In comparison to other pets,like cats & dogs, p
need more love & carThey are
not born to live in cages, but they do! Therefor

PIGEON

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
SOUND :COO
Order: Columbiformes
Family: Columbidae
Species: 300
Diet: Seeds, Fruits, Insects, etc.
Natural Habitat: All around the earth,
except the driest and coldest regions
Number of Offspring: 2 eggs
Age: 10 - 15 years
Age of Sexual Maturity: As early as 6

All domestic pigeons have one

common ancestor, which is the
Rock Dove Pigeon.
Pigeons are known to survive for
almost 10-15 years in their
natural habitats. The longest
recorded life-span of a pigeon was
around 33 years!
Pigeons and doves are known to
produce crop milk, which they use
to feed their young ones. It
contains a highly nutritious

Pigeons have been domesticated

since times immemorial and have
used to transport small messages
across long distances. In fact,
famous leaders of the past like
Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan, etc.
have used pigeons to get
important messages across long
distances.
Pigeons are also bred for racing
and can clock upto speeds
ranging between 60 - 80 miles per

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Passeridae
Subfamily: Passeroidea
Genus: Passer
Species: P. domesticus
Group Name: Flock
Length: 10-20 cm
Weight: 24-39.5 grams
Lifespan: 4-5 years
Diet: Seed and insects
Habitat: Human-altered habitat, like farm areas.
Gestation Period: 10-15 days
Number of Offspring: 5-8 eggs

SPARROW

SOUND :CHIRP

Sparrows are loosely monogamous. Both

the female and male take care of the
young ones, though the female does most
of the brooding.
These birds are aggressive and social,
which increases their ability to compete
with most native birds.
They can swim to escape from predators,
although they are not considered to wate
birds.
The difference between a male and a
female sparrow is that the former has a
reddish back & black bib, whereas female
has brown back with eye stripe.
Sparrow nests are bulky, roofed affairs.

Sparrows are generally not territorial, but

they are quite aggressive when it comes to
protecting their nest from intruders of the
same sex.
They prefer to live near human dwellings,
especially if there are bird feeders. They a
generally found in farming areas, cities an
suburbs.
Sparrows are around 14-16 cm long. They
are chirpy, with grey and brown color. They
have ability to fly at speed of 38.5 km/hour
&can even reach speed of 50 km/hour.
These birds usually nest in cavities, but
some may nest in bushes and trees as well
They build untidy nests of grass and

OWL

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Subclass: Neornithes
Infraclass: Neognathae
SOUND
:
H
Superorder: Neoaves
Order: Strigiformes
,SCREECH,WAIL
Families: Two - Strigidae and Tytonidae
(others extinct)
Smallest Owl: Elf Owl
Largest Owls: Eurasian Eagle Owl and
Blakiston's Fish Owl
Size: 13.5 cm to 2 m (depending upon
species)

More than 200 different species of owls

have been found. Owls have wide wings,
lightweight bodies and unusually soft,
fluffy feathers. These features allow
them to have a silent flight. Due to
colors of their feathers they can blend
with the natural surrounding very well.
The eyes of an owl are almost fixed
inside the sockets. Thus, it cannot move
them too much.
Owls are far-sighted and cannot see
anything within a few inches of their
eyes very clearly.
The neck of an owl is so flexible that it
can rotate its head three-quarters of the

only, unobserved by humans. Owls can

fly very silently which makes them one of
the most skillful birds of prey.
The feet of an owl are very strong and
have two toes facing forward and two
toes facing backward.
Owls use a wide variety of sounds or
vocalizations, for the purpose of
communication.
The female owl lays eggs in intervals of
1-3 days. This is the reason why all the
eggs of an owl do not hatch at the same
time.
Owls do not make nests. Rather, they
look for a sheltered nesting site, in

is often up to 25 percent larger than

the former.
Owls are carnivorous birds and feed
on insects and small rodents including
mice, rats and hares. There are some
species of owls which are very skillful
in hunting fish.
Owls have short beaks which are
curved downwards and the
characteristic sounds they make also
vary from species to species. The hoot
is generally is made to mark
territories however, all species of owls
dont hoot. The sounds produced by

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class:Aves
Order:Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Subfamily: Accipitrinae
Genera: Accipiter, Micronisus, Melierax, Urotriorch
Megatriorchis
Group Name: Cast, aerie or kettle
Height:19 inches
Weight:690-1460 g
Lifespan: 21 years
Diet:Carnivore.
Habitat:Forests, prairies, marshlands and open sa
Age of Sexual Maturity: 2 years

KITE

SOUND

:SCRAM

With a distribution that spreads over

4continents, black kite is probably world
most abundant bird of prey. Not
surprisingly for species with such
colossal range, up to 12subspecieshave
been described, with between six &eig
commonly recognised. Despite their
shared name,none of thesesubspeciesa
actually black,but rather have plumage
that varies
from moderate to dark
brown, with irregular light-brown and
rufous markings.The brown to greyishwhite head often appears paler than
rest of the body, while the cere (bare

The migratory habits of the black kite are com

but generally populations
higher northern latitudes migrate southwards
winter, while those nearer
the equator remain in same area year round.
typically involves European
populati
moving south into sub-Saharan Africa and the
East,
whilst populations n
Pakistan and Himalayas travel into south Asia
Although populations closer to the equator
as India, Australia, and
cen
&southern Africa, tend to be sedentary, some
make small migrations
in
association with the seasons as well as in res
to food supply & rainfall.
The black kite is found through most of Africa

Kingdom :Animalia
Scientific Name :Spilornis cheela
Class :Aves
Order :Accipitriformes
SOUND :SCRAM
Family :Accipitridae
Genus :Spilornis
Species :S. cheela
Local Name :Dogra Cheel
Height :55 cm to 75 cm
Clutch Size :One
Incubation Period :35 days
Natural Habitat :Forests, mangroves
&scrubs,upto 1200 m in altitude
Diet :Reptiles like snakes, lizards and frogs

EAGLE

A medium-sized raptor, Crested Serpent

Eagle of India is 55 to 75 cm in length.
The adult eagle is adorned with brown
plumage. The upper portion of the body,
including the breast and head, is dark
brown in color, while the wings and
scapulars are covered with white spots.
The inner parts of Indian Crested
Serpent Eagles are quite pale in color,
almost pale reddish-brown.
The tail as well as underside of flight
feathers are black and have a broad
white band. There is a crest on nape,
which is again of brown color, barred
with white. The bill is quite strong, black

and they are able to stand

independently. The first flight is taken
only after crossing two months of age.
Behavior:
Crested Serpent Eagle is a solitary
creature, found occupying the same
territorial boundaries for years. However,
it may form pairs, in which case, the
companionship continues throughout the
year. The call of a Crested Serpent
Eagles is quite distinctive and comes
across as 'Kluee-wip-wip'. One can hear
them calling mainly in the morning.
Natural Habitat:
Crested Serpent Eagles are found

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Gruiformes
Family:Gruidae
Genera:Four (Grus, Anthropoides, Balear
and Bugeranus)
Height:up to5 feet
Weight:4-12 kg
Wingspan:up to 7 feet
Age:20 to 25 years
Natural Habitat:All continents,except
Antarctica&South America
Diet:Omnivorous
Number o

CRANE

SOUND : CLANGING

-The diet of a crane varies; depending upo

the species, but usually
includ
small rodents, fish, amphibians, insects,
grain, berries and plants.
-Cranes are monogamous birds, which usu
remain with a single mate,
till
either of them dies..
-The feet and legs of a crane work in
conjunction with the cranes beak.
Cranes attack aggressors with their feet.
-Have you ever wondered how cranes can
stand for hours in near-freezing
wat
This is because, they have the ability to
constrict blood vessels in
their
feet, thereby reducing blood flow.

-Cranes rely on tail winds and thermals to

them during their flight.
-The Platte River region is recorded as mo
ideal stopover for migrating cranes. This
region supports a variety of habitats for
cranes and also provides the
perfe
spot for rest and food.
-The chicks of a crane grow very quickly an
develop their flight feathers
withi
4 months of being born.
-Cranes use different types of calls for the
purpose of communication.
Th
also follow a fairly elaborate system of bod
language, for the same..
-Migratory cranes begin nesting from early

CROW

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Corvidae
Genus: Corvus
SOUND : CAW
Number of Species: 31
Habitat: Mixed habitat like woodlands,
open areas, agricultural fields, coastal
wetlands, etc.
Diet: Omnivorous
Age of Sexual Maturity: 2 years

Crows are usually black in color all over,

but some species are not totally black
and are found with white, gray or brown
coloring around the neck or the beak.
Crows are considered to be very
intelligent creatures and have existed
since a long time due to their ability to
adapt to changing situations. They
belong to the corvid family of birds and
are highly adaptable to any kind of
situation.
Crows are omnivorous.
There are about 45 species of crows
around the world.
The Corvus Brachyrhynchos or the

Crow eggs hatch in about eighteen days

and stay with their parents till they learn
to fly.
The common crow usually lives for a
period of 5-7 years.
Mating crows live together for years and
some of them actually part when one of
them dies.
Baby crows learn to fly when they are
about one month old.
Crows are attracted to food scraps and
trash from garbage cans.
They are not restricted to a particular
habitat and can easily breed and survive
in a variety of habitats, which includes

They are known to be both beneficial

as well as a nuisance for farmers.
Though they eat up a number of pests
that may destroy crops like cutworms,
wireworms, grasshoppers, etc. they
are also known to destroy a large
number of crops by pecking on them,
their favorite being corn!
Crows have a varied and evolved
language and usually adapt to the
sounds of the surroundings they live
in.
Crows prefer to nest in coniferous
trees.

KOEL

Kingdom :Animalia
Phylum :Chordata
SOUND :
Class:Aves
KUU, KUU
Order :Cuculifomes
Family :Cuculidae
Zoological name :Eudynamys
scolopacea
Found InBatla National Park,
Corbett National Park,Sultanpu
Bird Sanctuary, Pench National

ANGLO-INDIANS frequently confound the

koel with the brain-fever bird. There is
certainly some excuse for the mistake, for
both are cuckoos and both exceedingly
noisy creatures ; but the cry of the koel
(Eudynamis honorata) bears to that of the
brain-fever bird or hawk-cuckoo
(Hierococcyx varius) much the same relation
as the melody of the organ-grinder does to
that of a full German band. Most men are
willing to offer either the solitary Italian or
the Teutonic gang a penny to go into the
next street, but, if forced to choose
between them, select the organ-grinder as
the lesser of the two evils. In the same way,
most people find the fluty note of the koel

crescendo kuil, kuit, kuil, from which the

bird derives its popular name. This cry is
peculiar to the cock. The second note is,
to use the words of Colonel Cunningham,
"an outrageous torrent of shouts,
sounding like kuk, kuu, kuu, kuu, kuu,
kuu, repeated at brief intervals in tones
loud enough to rouse the ' Seven
Sleepers.'" The koel is nothing if not
impressive. He likes to utter this note
just before dawn, when all the world is
still. As the bird calls chiefly in the hot
weather, when it frequently happens that
the hour before sunrise is almost the
only one in the twenty-four in which the

the eye and beak as in the cock. Add

to this the fact that the koel is a little
larger than the " merry cuckoo,
messenger of spring " which visits
England, and it is impossible not to
recognise the bird.
This cuckoo, like many of its relatives,
does not hatch its own eggs. It
cuckolds crows. This is no mean
performance, for the crow is a
suspicious creature. It knoweth full
well the evil which is in its own heart,
and so, judging others by itself,
watches unceasingly over its nest

COW

Binomial Name: Bos taurus

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Bovinae
Genus: Bos
Species: B. taurus
Weight: 600 to 900 kg
Number of Teeth: 32
Heaviest Calf: British Friesian cow (225 lbs.)
Diet: Herbivorous
Natural Habitat: Throughout the world
Age: 15 to 25 years
Age of Maturity: 2 years
Gestation Period: 9 months
Number of Offspring: 1 to 2

SOUND : MOO

A cow gives milk for the first time, only

after she gives birth to a calf.
A cow produces around 200,000 glasses
of milk in her lifetime.
A cow stand`s up and sits down about
14 times a day.
A cow that weighs 1000 pound can
produce an average 10 tons of manure
every year.
A cow usually spends 6-7 hours in day
eating cud and around 8 hours on
chewing it.
Almost all the cows chew at least 50
times per minute.
An average cow has more than 40,000

Cows can drink up to 35 gallons of water a

Cows do not bite grass; rather they curl th
tongue around it.
Cows have a single stomach, but four dige
compartments.
Cows have almost total 360-degree panor
vision.
Cows have acute sense of smell & can sm
something up to 6 miles away.
Cows produce around 90 percent of the m
the world.
Dairy cows can produce up to 125 lbs. of s
day.
The average body temperature of a cow is
101.5F.

It takes one hour for a person to milk 6 co

But when the milking is
d
by modern machines, almost 100 cows can
milked in an hour.
One gallon of ice-cream requires 12 pound
whole milk.
Sometimes cows sleep while standing.
A cow has four digestive compartments in
stomach called the rumen,
reticul
omasum and abomasum.
Cows can run faster than horses when it
comes to soggy places. Their
cloven hooves and toes spread so their fee
not sink and get stuck, unlike the
solid-foot horses.

Trinomial Name: Canis lupus familiaris

Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Canis
Species: C. lupus
Subspecies: C. l. familiaris
Breeds: Over 800
Fastest Dog: Greyhound (45 mph)
Largest Dog: Irish Wolfhounds
Tallest Dog: Great Dane
Smallest Dog: Chihuahua
Heaviest Dog: St. Bernard
Oldest Dog: Bluey (Australian Cattle-dog that lived for 29
5 months)
Age: 8-15 years
Age of Maturity: 8 months to 1 year

DOG

SOUND

: BARKS

Believe it or not, it is said that two dogs

survived the sinking of Titanica
Pomeranian and a Pekingese.
Dogs take between 10 and 30 breaths in a
minute, while their heart beats
70
120 times in the same duration.
Dogs sweat through the pads of their feet
The Chow Chow species of dog has a black
tongue.
Dogs can see much better than human
beings in dark. Even otherwise, the
visual range of dog (250 degrees) is bette
than that of humans (180 degrees).
A dog can hear sounds even from a distan
of 250 yards.

Most dogs are intensely territorial, which

is why most of these dogs are fit to be
trained as guard dogs.
A puppy is only able to crawl during its
first week.
Dogs were domesticated for the first
time by cavemen in the Paleolithic age.
With time, they developed into the
breeds known today.
A one year old dog is physically as
mature as a 15 year old human.
Dogs exist in a wide range of sizes,
colors and temperaments.
The internal clocks of a dog are
excellent. He will always know when is

If
you
withlike
a disease
like
If you
areare
downdown
with a disease
cancer, epilepsy
or cancer,
diabetes, your
dog will be the first to know. In a popular research, it was
epilepsy
or diabetes, your dog will be the
established that dogs pick up on a diseases symptoms through the
scent of
alerted their
owners about it
it from
first
tohormones
know.and
Ineven
a popular
research,
was
subtle to erratic behavioral changes.
established
that
pick upthe
on
a of
diseases
Contrary to popular
belief,dogs
dogs understand
tone
your voice
and your body language
rather
thanscent
the language
itself. Hence, if
symptoms
through
the
of hormones
you speak to your dog in a different language but in the same tone,
and
alerted
their
o`wners
about it from
he/sheeven
is bound
to understand
what
you are saying.
The mouthto
of an
average behavioral
dog can exert 150-180
pounds of pressure
subtle
erratic
changes.
per square inch and in case of some dogs; it can go up to 450
Contrary
to popular belief, dogs understand
pounds.
The behavioral traits of mixed-breed dogs will be similar to the
the
tone of your voice and your body
breed they resemble the most.
language
rather
than
thesmelling
language
itself.
An average human
has over
5 million
receptors
Hence, if you speak to your dog in a different
language but in the same tone, he/she is
bound to understand what you are saying.
The mouth of an average dog can exert 150180 pounds of pressure per square inch and
in case of some dogs; it can go up to 450

Binomial Name: Felis catus

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genus: Felis
Species: F. catus
Breeds: Over 33
Weight: 2.5 to 7 kg (5.5 to 16 pounds)
Largest Breed: Ragdoll
Heartbeat: 110 to 140 beats/minute
Diet: Carnivorous
Daily Sleeping Time: 13 to 14 hours
Body Temperature: 38 to 39 degrees C (101 to 102.2 d
F)
Natural Habitat: Throughout the world
Age of Maturity (males): 5 to 7 months

CAT

SOUND : MEOS

Blue-eyed cats, that also have white fur,

have been seen to have greater
instances of genetic deafness.
Calico cats are almost always female.
Cat is one of the very few animals that
walk by moving first, both their left feet
and then, both their right feet.
Without Taurine (a certain protein), cats
could go blind. Taurine is always added
to cat-food.
Cats can see in color and are only
partially color-blind.
Most domestic cats can run at 30 mph.
Cats communicate through various
vocalizations, such as meowing, purring,

Did you know cat purrs are at the same

frequency as an idle diesel engine?
Cats do not have one of two genes
necessary to taste sweetness.
Cats have very advanced hearing,
eyesight, taste, & touch receptors. This
makes them one of the most sensitive
mammals.
Cats wag their tails when they are in a
stage of conflict.
Did you know Isaac Newton invented the
cat-flap door?
Only domestic cat species holds tail
vertically while walking. All wild cat
species holds the tails horizontally or

The largest known litter of a cat can be

traced to South Africa. A Persian cat, named
Bluebell, gave birth to 14 kittens, all of
which survived.
The night vision of cat is superior to that of
humans; however, its daylight vision is
inferior.
The nose pad of a cat has rings on it, in the
form of a pattern. This ridged pattern of a
cat is unique, just like the fingerprint of a
human.
Yes, a cat bite can be very dangerous. Not
only are they dangerous, but they are also
toxic, which can tamper with your immune
system, lymph nodes and in some rare
cases, may even cause infections which can

MOUSE
SOUND :

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Superfamily: Muroidea
Family: Muridae
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Mus
Species: 30
Length: Varies from 3-15 centimeters.
Weight: 20 to 25 grams
Average Lifespan: 1 to 2 years
Offspring: 3 to 12
Diet: Anything
Period: 18 to 21 days

SQUEAL,SQUEAK

Numbe

Gestat

The name mouse comes from a Sanskrit

word mus, which means thief.
While male mice are known as buck,
female mice are called doe. Baby mice
are known as pinky or kitten.
Mice are constant eaters and would eat
anything they get hold of. However, hard
bread is the most favorite food item,
contrary to the popular myth of cheese.
Mice have tails that are as long as their
bodies.
Every year, mice cause more than one
billion dollar damage in the US alone.
Mice are highly curious and explore their
territory daily, paying special attention

Mice do not vomit.

Mice usually have a poor vision, which is
why their activity is constrained to smell,
taste, touch and hearing.
The mice were responsible for killing
millions of people throughout Europe, more
than 5 centuries ago, with a disease known
as the bubonic plague.
They have long sensitive whiskers near the
nose and hair on the body. For traveling,
they use this tactile sensor to pass through
the dark.
Mice have a great sense of balance, which
allows them to walk along telephone wires,
ropes and similar thin objects.
They have excellent jumping capacity and

The average lifespan for a mouse is 12 years. They can start to have babies
as early as 6-8 weeks of their birth
and give birth to 5-10 pinkys or
kittens in as much as 3 weeks after
conception.
Mice are carriers of human-biting
fleas/mites, which is why they are
unsafe to have around as pets.
Deer mice get their name because
they have fur that resembles that of
deers.
Mice love to eat 15-20 times a day and
tend to build their homes/nests close

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Artiodactyla
Family:Bovidae
Subfamily:Bovinae
Tribe:Bovini
Genus:Bubalus
Species:B. bubalis
Height:6.6-9.8 ft
Weight:1500-2650 lbs
Lifespan:15-25 years
Gestation
Period:9-11 months
Diet:Grass and herbs. Number of Offspring:
every second year

BUFFALO

SOUND :BELLOW

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, India

(Assam and Orissa), Nepal, North
Thailand, Vietnam and Laos.
The animal is domesticated in North
Africa, South Europe, England, East
Indonesia and east of South America.
Around 95% of the worlds total water
buffalo population is found in Asia, with
India being the home of half of them.
Most of the water buffalos day is spent
being submerged in the muddy waters of
Asias tropical and sub-tropical forests.
Water buffalo races, known as Kambala,
are held every year in southwestern
region of Karnataka, India and Chonburi,

A male water buffalo is about one-third

larger than the female water buffalo.
The male water buffalo has deep ridges on
the body and long backward curving,
crescent shaped horns that distinguish it
from its female counterpart.
A young water buffalo is known as a calf
and stays with its mother for the first
couple of years.
The Asian Water Buffalo is always seen in a
group of 10 to 20 individuals, but groups of
100 can also be observed sometimes.
The animal mainly feeds on grasses, herbs,
aquatic plants, leaves and agricultural
crops.
The domesticated water buffalo is also

Binomial Name:Equus Caballus

Class:Mammalia (Mammals)
Order:Perissodactyla
Family:Equidae
Genus:Equus
Species:E. Caballus
Height :Depends on the breed
Weight:Depends on the breed
Teeth (male):40-44
Teeth (female):36
Color:Usually black, brown, cream or gray
Age:25 to 30 years
Oldest Horse:Old Billy (62 years)
Smallest Breed:Falebella (Argentina)
Smallest Pony:Little Pumpkin (14 high and weighed
lbs)
Natural Habitat:Throughout the world
Number o
Offspring:One (rarely two)

HORSE

SOUND
:NEIGH;WHINNY

counting its teeth.

The average weight of a horses head is
11.84 pounds and heart is 10 pounds.
A horse can easily drink up to 10 gallons
of water in a day.
Horses can communicate with the use of
their facial expressions.
The hoof of a horse never stops
growing, like a fingernail, and has to be
clipped on a regular basis.
A horse can walk, trot, canter and
gallop.
The offspring of a horse, known as foal,
is usually born at night and can stand up
and walk hardly 1-2 hours after being

A young female horse, of the same

age, is called filly.
Horses have monocular vision and
can see two different images at
once. They also have better vision
at night than humans.
A mule is a cross between a male
donkey and a female horse. While,
a hinny is a cross between a male
horse and a female donkey.
A marking on the head of a horse
is known as a star, irrespective of

Bionomial Name:Elephas maximus indicus

Class:Mammalia
Order:Proboscidea
Family:Elephantidae
Height:7 - 12 feet (Asian)
Weight:3000 - 5000 kg (Asian)
Age:60 years to 80 years
TRUMPET
Maximum Speed:25 mph
Vision:30 ft to 60 ft
Length of Tusks:Up to 5 ft (Asian)
Natural Habitat:Scrub forests, with abundant foo
supply and shady areas
Diet:Grasses, long with leaves,bamboo,twigs,bark
&small amounts of
fruits,seeds & Fl o
Age of Maturity:12 years
Gestation Period:630 days - 660 days

ELEPHANT
SOUND :

young ones.
Elephant herds are matriarchal in
nature i.e. they are headed by a female,
usually the oldest and largest female of
the group.
When elephants travel, they walk very
quietly behind each other and that too
in a single line.
Elephants love water and they are very
excellent swimmers.
Elephants can make very low
frequency sounds, which are below the
human range of hearing.
Elephants sleep standing up and stomp
when they walk.

. Elephants cool off themselves by

fanning their ears. Fanning cools the
blood in their ears and when this blood
goes to the rest of their body, it also
gets cooled.
Most elephants in Sri Lanka,whether
they are male or female have no tusks.
The trunk of an elephant has no bones.
It has approximately 150,000 muscles
and nerves, which provide flexibility.
The tusks of an elephant continue to
grow throughout its life.
Elephants can take up to 18 quarts of
water into their trunks at one time.
Elephants often rest by raising one foot

Elephants have a preferred tusk, which

means that either the right or left tusk is
used as a tool. After a tooth has worn
out, another tooth grows in its place.
These fascinating creatures show their
concern for the weak or wounded
elephants and have been known for
displaying their grief for their dead ones
as well.
The female elephant takes good care of
their young and even orphaned young
elephants are mothered by other female
elephants.
An elephant performs many activities in
a day including bathing, eating, dusting,

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family:Camelidae
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Genus: Camelus
Species:Camelus Bactrianous and Camelus
Dromedarius
Height (males):6 to 7 feet
Weight (males):500 - 600 kg
Weight (females):400 to 500 kg
Natural Habitat: Throughout the World
Diet:Herbivorous (Thorny Plants, dry grasses,
saltbush)
Age:50 years

CAMEL
SOUND : NUZZING

A common misconception is that

the humps of camels are used to
carry water. However, this is not
true. The humps store fat, lessening
heat-trapping insulation around the
rest of the body.
As early as 1800 BC, camels have
been used as the most common
means of transport in Africa, Asia
and the areas in the Arabian
Peninsula. This majestic creature,
would often help merchants carry
gold, ivory, silk, incense and spices

The Bactrian camels are also known

for their longer and finer wool.
It is said that camels milk is an
acquired taste.
Camels do not chew the food and
swallow it instead. They regurgitate
and chew the cud later.
Camels have thick bushy eyebrows
to protect their eyes from the rays of
the son.
Camels shed their coat each year.
Camels have two layers of thick
eyelashes to protect them from the
dust.

hurting its mouth.

Camels can live without water for
days and even months.
A camel can drink about 200 liters of
water in a day.
The body temperature of the camel
rises during the day and cools off
during the night.
Camels can close their nostrils or
leave a small opening to prevent sand
from entering inside.
The tag, The Ship of the Desert,
comes from the camels walk. The
camel moves both its legs on one side
of the body at the same time, which

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Artiodactyla
Family:Bovidae
SOUND
:
BLEAT
Species:C. aegagrus
Sub Species:C. a. hircus
Height:3 Feet 2 inches
Weight:170 LB
Life Span:15-18 years
Diet:Hay Roughage
Habitat:Mountains
and
Grasslands
Age
of
Sexual
Maturity:18
Months

GOAT

and goat meat is described as mutton.

Goat meat tastes similar to lamb meat.
Beards are to be seen in both male and
female goats &some types of goats may
also have wattles, each dangling from
one side of their neck. The goats with
wattles are commonly dairy goats, dairy
cross boers and pygmy goats.
Goats are able to breed at any time of
the year, under certain type of climates.
AmongSwiss breeds and in temperate
climates, breeding season begins when
the day length starts getting shorter&
ends in early spring.
Goats are ruminants, which mean they

Goats have a reputation of being very

intelligent and extremely curious. It is
pretty easy to train them to pull carts
and walk on leads. They tend to test
fences simply for the reason that they
are tough to climb on. Goats are also
known to be very coordinated and are
able to climb trees.
Goats can readily establish in the wild,
when given the opportunity. Such goats
are known as feral goats and are
commonly found in Australia, New
Zealand, Ireland, Britain, the Galapagos
and many other parts of the world.
Most of the goats have softer insulating

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
SOUND :CHATTER GIGLER,
Suborder: Haplorrhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Families: Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, Atelida
and Cercopithecidae
Species: Around 125
Length (including tail): 14 cm to 1 m (dependin
on the species)
Weight: 120 gm to 35 kg (depending on the
species)
Smallest Species: Pygmy Marmoset (14-16 cm
length, 120-140 gm in weight)
Largest Species: Mandrill

MONKEY

Monkeys never catch cold.

Yawning of a monkey means that
either he is tired or he is mad at
something.
Monkeys never eat a banana as it is;
rather they peel it first and throw
away the peel.
Howler monkeys are the loudest
monkeys and their howl can be heard
as far as 10 miles away.
Monkeys live in groups, known as
troops, and travel together to find
food.
The tip of a spider monkey's tail can
support the weight of his entire body.

A monkey was once tried and

convicted for smoking a cigarette in
South Bend, Indiana.
Monkeys can breed at any time of the
year.
Spider-monkeys have appeared in
more films than any other breed of
monkey.
Most of the monkeys are arboreal,
while some are also terrestrial.
Monkeys use vocalizations, facial
expressions and body movements to
communicate.
Grinning or pulling the lip is a sign of

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