RECONFIGURATION BASED

VLSI DESIGN
FOR
SECURITY
Submitted By,
ASHA SATHEES

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.
VLSI

ENCRIPTION/LOCKING & UNLOCKING.

RECONFIGURATION

SECURITY.
LEON2

PROCESSOR

CONCLUSION

BASED VLSI DESIGN FOR

INTRODUCTION
A critical

challenge for nanoelectronic system is to achieve yield and

reliability.
Reconfiguration
Hardware

root of trust of any security system.

Nowadays
Such

and reconfigurable computing.

s/w based security solution changed to h/w based.

systems ranges from smart cards to specialized secure

co-

processing boxes.
Hardware
Recently

security threats- information leakage.

released comprehensive national cyber security initiative

has identified SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MAGEMENT PROBLEM as a

top national priority

CONT
Reconfigurable

computing technologies.
Supply chain risk attack model.
VLSI encryption/locking.
o Combinational logic locking.
o Finite state machine locking.
Obfuscation

& access control based VLSI obfuscation.

VLSI ENCRIPTION/LOCKING & UNLOCKING

XOR /XNOR based

MUX based
Permutation based
Reconfigurable logic
barrier based

Key propagation
Path analysis
Graph isomorphism

RECONFIGURATION BASED
VLSI DESIGN FOR SECURITY

Reconfiguration Based VLSI Obfuscation.

Theorem : A reconfigurable implementation of a logic
function f or a sequential module is an obfuscated
implementation for any supply chain adversary.

Reconfiguration Based VLSI Moving Target Defense.

Theorem: Reconfiguration for different logic
functions or sequential modules achieves VLSI moving
target defense.

Reconfiguration Based Security Aware VLSI Design In

Emerging Technologies

A n-type reconfigurable double gate carbon nanotube field effect transistor

(RDG-CNFET).

CONT

Reconfigurable reversible computing(RRC) based

cryptography.

Obfuscation Based VLSI Design For Security Methodology:

Obfuscate minimum part of h/w system while ensuring all

the required security properties.
1.
2.
3.

Identify and evaluate each possible attack scheme.

Develop and evaluate each potential defense scheme.
Choose a defense scheme

LEON2 PROCESSOR
LEON2

is an open source SPARC V8 architecture processor

based on a simple 5-stage ( Fetch (FE), Decode(DE) ,
Execute(EX), Memory(MEM), Write(WR)) instruction pipeline.
IM

FE

D Q

DE

RF

D Q

EX

D Q

ME
M

DM

D Q

W
R

CONT
Possible attack and defense schemes:

On computational integrity.
Hardware Trojans that compromise computational integrity.

Code injection hardware Trojan (shaded in red) including a Trojan ROM, a group of
multiplexers, and a trigger logic module.

CONT
Reconfigurable instruction decoder for instruction set
randomization.
Evaluation

CONT

On data confidentiality.
Memory access Trojans

Attack targets of five unauthorized memory access hardware Trojans in a LEON2 processor.

CONT
1) injecting a memory access instruction;
2) injecting memory access request signals including a memory
address and an Address Space Identifier ;
3) injecting memory access request signals including a memory
address while tampering the supervisor signal;
4) injecting memory access request signals including a memory
address after tampering the Process State Register;
5) injecting memory access request signals including a memory
address after tampering the PSR directly.

CONT
Reconfigurable memory access module against illegal memory access

Obfuscated memory access logic (shaded in blue) including memory access instruction decoding
logic, WRPSR decoding logic, PSR, supervisor signal logic and ASI logic.

CONT

Evaluation.

CONCLUSION
Proposed

system includes

a reconfigurable instruction decoder for ISR against code injection

attack.
A reconfigurable memory access module for memory access
signal encoding against unauthorized memory access

in open source leon2 processor

Prevent program monitoring Trojan attacks and increase
minimum code injection Trojan with a 1KB ROM by 2.38%
for every 1%area increase .
Encrypting instructions by simple reconfigurable logic module
prevent CIA at a cost of 0.72%area increase, negligible power
consumption increase, and no performance degradation .

CONT
Achieve

a memory access Trojan-resistant LEON2

processor at the cost of 4.42% area increase, negligible
power consumption increase, and 11.30%critical path delay
increase.
Emerging technologies such as carbon nanotube crossbarbased reconfigurable computing provide further cost
reduction for the proposed methodology.

THANK YOU