FUZZY

LOGIC
SYSTEM

not clear, distinct, or precise;

blurred

FUZZY

FUZZY LOGIC
A form of knowledge representation
suitable for notions that cannot be
defined precisely, but which depend
upon their contexts.

Fuzzy logicis a form ofmany-valued

logicin which thetruth values of variables
may be any real number between 0 and 1.
By contrast, inBoolean logic, the truth
values of variables may only be 0 or 1.
Fuzzy logic has been extended to handle
the concept of partial truth, where the
truth
value
may
range
between
completely true and completely false.
Furthermore, whenlinguisticvariables are
used, these degrees may be managed by
specific functions

INTRODUCTION
Fuzzy logic is used in todays process
control systems. Fuzzy logic addresses
such applications perfectly as it resembles
human decision making with an ability to
generate precise solution from uncertain or
approximate information. It fills an
important gap in engineering design
methods left by mathematical and logicbased approaches while other approaches
require accurate equations to model realworld behaviours.

The idea of fuzzy logic was first

advanced by Dr. Lotfi Zadeh of the
University of California at Berkeley in
the mid 1960s. Dr. Zadeh was
working on the problem of computer
understanding of natural language.
Natural language (like most other
activities in life and indeed the
universe) is not easily translated into
the absolute terms of 0 and 1.

The Japanese were the first to utilize

fuzzy logic for practical applications. The
first notable application was on the highspeed train in Sendai, in which fuzzy logic
was able to improve the economy,
comfort, and precision of the ride. This
control of the Nanboku line used a fuzzy
controller to run the train all day long.

Traditional Logic (Boolean) and

Fuzzy Logic

WHAT IS FUZZY LOGIC

SYSTEM (FLS) ?

It is a type of logic that recognizes more than

simple true and false values. With fuzzy logic,
propositions can be represented with degrees
of truthfulness and falsehood.
For example, let a 100ml glass contain 30ml
of water. It can be defined that the glass is
70% empty or 30% full.

TERMINOLOGIES

FUZZIFICATION
The fuzzification comprises the
process of transforming crisp values
into
grades
of
membership
forlinguistic terms of fuzzy sets.
The membership function is used to
associate a grade to each linguistic
term.

FUZZY INFERENCE
Fuzzy inference is the process of
formulating the mapping from a
given input to an output using fuzzy
logic. The mapping then provides a
basis from which decisions can be
made, or patterns discerned.

DEFFUZIFICATION
It is the process of producing a
quantifiable result in fuzzy logic,
given fuzzy sets and corresponding
membership degrees. It is typically
needed in fuzzy control systems.

FUZZY SETS
Set whose elements have degrees
of membership.

CRISP VALUES
It is the term used for the
input and output values in
fuzzy logic system.

MEMBERSHIP
FUNCTION (MF)
is

a curve that defines how each point in

the
input
space
is
mapped
to
amembershipvalue
(or
degree
ofmembership) between 0 and 1. The
input space is sometimes referred to as
the universe of discourse, a fancy name
for a simple concept.

THREE STEPS IN FUZZY

LOGIC

STEP 1:
FUZZIFICATION
It is identifying the degree of
membership of the crisp input.
Many methods can be used such as
triangular, trapezoidal and Gaussian
membership function.

FUZZIFICATION

STEP 2:
INFERENCE
Once the degrees of membership are
identified, the fuzzy rules will be applied
to fulfill the if-then conditions

THE
N
HIG
IF HOT
H

THEN
MAINT
AIN
IF
NORMAL

THEN
LOW
IF
COLD

STEP 3:
DEFUZZIFICATION
The crisp output is computed based on
the crisp inputs and the fuzzy rules.

X
OUTPUT

EXAMPLE VIDEO
YUNGITLOG

BASED ON THE VIDEO

Jane had designed her robot to boil eggs for 5
minutes, unfortunately the eggs sometimes turn out
too soft or too hard. Jane noticed that her robot
didnt consider the eggs size when deciding the
boiling time so she made 2 rules to follow, if the egg
size is small then boil the egg in less than five
minutes and if the egg size is large then boil the
egg in more than five minutes. How many minutes
should she boil a 50g egg using fuzzy logic if the
eggs range from 40g to 70g and the boiling time is
ranging from 3 to 6 minutes?

ADVANTAGES

Conceptually easy to understand

Flexible
Tolerant of imprecise data
Can model nonlinear function of
arbitrary complexity
Blended with conventional control
techniques
Based on natural language
Very robust
Very quick and cheaper to implement

STEP 1
First, we should determine and
set the 100% true value of our
fuzzy sets, in this case our fuzzy
sets would be small and large, the
100% true value of small is 40g and
the 100% true value of large is 70g,
for the output is 3 minutes for the
less and 6 minutes for more.

STEP 2

STEP 3
Based on figure 7 the crisp input is 70% small
and 30% large. Using a table we can identify
the total output required in the problem.

The input DOM is multiplied to the output

set value to identify the output
component, after solving for the output
components find their sum and that
would be the crisp output.

6
3.
93

CRISP
OUTPUT 2.
(MINUTES)11.
8

LES
S

MO
RE

TOTAL
OUTP
UT

THEREFORE

She needs 3.9

minutes or 234
seconds to boil the
egg perfectly.

DISADVANTAGES
Many parameter
Computational Cost
Defining the rules

APPLICATION

Temperature Control
Automobiles
Manufacturing Systems
Traffic Light
Automated Room Light

TRAFFIC LIGHT