MARCH 2014

QUESTION 1

Define of transport:
Transport is a movement of passanger
and goods from point of origin to the point
of consumption or final destination.
It involve in moving either passenger or
good.
For example, truck or bus sending good
or passanger from origin point which is
Kuala Lumpur to Johor Bharu (final
destination) using road transport.

The funtions of transport:

Economy
It is to develop economic growth.
It help to generate other business activities of a country espeacially when export and import of local product is
concern.
Economic also could refer to the money or income ern by individual who depend on transport to get to their work
place and received money in return to improved their family state of economic.

Politics
They have classified the choice as communication, militery movement, travel of person and movement of
freignt.
Primary funtion is to transfer massage and information.
It also needed for rapid movement of person and goods.
Political descasion of construction and maintainanceof road has resulted in the development of transportation.

Social.
Help to establish social relationship and spread throught idea.
Enable people to gather in one place with in a short period of time
Exchange idea, thus develop or increase standard of leaving.
Eanable people to see many diffrence place of work, vice versa.
Enable people to seek medical treatment and education.

Military.
In most military operation, early deployment cargo moves on military asset
Early movements may account for only small portion of the total, they often the most crititcal.
Most military cargo , personel and war fighting asset move on commertial asset.
For example, more than 95 percent of the equipment and cargo shipped in Desert Sheild and Desert Storm
moved on commertial carriers.

March 2014
Question 3
Effect of pollution in term:
Economic Cost

A regional aquatic ecosystem is damaged, commercial fishing and aquaculture are likely to be least
profitable.

A comparison between averange output of commercial activities, taking account of extraction means (ships,
serface cultivate, etc.) period ,ay reveal some indicator about the economic cost of water pollution.

This can evaluated by the lost of attendence and in rent value.

Water purification cost., including treatment and inspection, have taken a significant weight on municipal
budget.

Securing realible and uncontiminated sources for large cities required heavy investment in manufacture.
Social cost.

Contiminated water is harmful to human being, depending on the nature of the pollutant and the types of
explosion.

However, limited harm occur in develop country, notably because of public awarenes and water treatment
facilities.

The problem takes many diffrence dimension in develop countries wgere limited water treatment is
available ad whre the population relies more on outdoor water sources.
Environmental Cost.

Besides extensive damage to the aquatic ecosystem, limited attentions has been put upon losses in water
regeneration and purification potential by the fragmentation and removal of wetland by transportation
insfrastructure.

September 2014
question 4
Define of logistic:
It is the process of planning, implementing and
controlling the effective flow and storage of good,
services, and related information from point of origin
to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming
to customer requirement.

Three (3) ways that minimize

the pollution from road transport

Transportation
Involve the physical movement or flow of raw material or finished good and involves the transportation agencies that
provide service to the firm.

Wavehousing and storage

Involve two closely related activities:
oInventory management
oWarehousing
A direct relationship exist between transportation and the level of inventory and number of warehouse required.
It is important to examine the trade-offs related to the various alternative in order to optimize the overal logistics
systems.

Industrial packaging.
Involves the necessary packaging needed to move the product to the market.
Logistics manager must analyze the trade-off between the types of transportation selected and its packaging.

Material handling
Is important to efficient warehouse operation and concern the mechanical equipmet for short-distance movement of
good throug the warehouse.

Customer services.
Plays an important part in logistics by ensuring the customer gets the right product at the right time and place.
Location decision about product availability and inventorty lead time are critical to customer service.