Translation

Technique
Created by :
Faiz Helmi Rasyid : 114140133
Ilham Chandra Wijaya : 114140143
Rahma Meiza Hernanda : 114140153
Nurjannah :114140163

GOAL
To learn how to translate english sentences well and
translates correctly. Including the techniques, processes,
and method of translation in target language (In here,
Bahasa)

DEFINITION
Translate : To transfer the meaning of words from
one language into another language ; to explain
(something) in a way that easier to understand ; A
process of transferring the meaning of a sentence
to the other language sentences

TRANSLATE TECHNIQUE
Six important steps in translating English sentences:

Sentence identification
Sentence analysis; knowing the subject, predicate, object and the adverb of the
sentence.
Make sure that messages from the source language have been understood, that is
marking the main part of the sentence, they are subject, predicate, object or the
complement.
Restructure the sentence that doesnt have the same point.
As Duffs translating principle states One of the most frequent critics of translation is
that it does not sound natural. This is because the translators thoughts and choice of
words are too strongly molded by the original text. A good way to avoid the influence
of the source language is to set the text aside and translate a few sentences aloud
from memory. This will suggest natural patterns of thought in the first language which
may not come to mine when the eye is fixed on the SL text. (Choliludin 2005:43)

DEFINITION OF DIRECT &

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Direct or literal translationis the direct transfer of a SL text into a
grammatically and idiomatically appropriate TL text. It is used
when structural and conceptual elements of the source language
can be transposed into the target language.
Oblique translationis another term for freetranslationwhere
the translator exercises his/her freedom to attain equivalence.
Oblique Translation Techniques are used when the structural or
conceptual elements of the source language cannot be directly
translated without altering meaning or upsetting the grammatical
and stylistics elements of the target language.

DIRECT TRANSLATION
Borrowing
Borrowing is when words are taken from one language to
another without any translation.
Example : Car free day program is now become global
(program car free day sekarang telah menjadi global)
- That bank include their participation on earth day as
their csr program (Bank itu memasukan partisipasi
mereka dalam earth day sebagai program csr mereka)

DIRECT TRANSLATION
Calque
A calque is when an entire phrase is borrowed from another language and
translated word-for-word instead of conceptually.
Example : Without geo-environmental engineers the modernskyscraperwould
never have been born. ( Tanpa insinyur lingkungan kebumian, bangunan
pencakar langit modern takkan pernah bisa dibangun)
Most geo-environmental student use skype for interface chatting when they
want to see their family faces (Kebanyakan mahasiswa teknik lingkungan
kebumian menggunakan skype untuk pembicaraan antarmuka saat mereka
merindukan keluarga mereka)

DIRECT TRANSLATION
Literal translation
- It is usually used when the sentence structure of the source
language and the receptor the language is different
The SL word order is preserved and the words translated by their most
common meanings.
Example : I like reading chemistry book (saya suka membaca buku
kimia)
Mrs. Indri Harianto teach English ( Ibu Indri mengajar
Bahasa Inggris)

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Transposition
Transposition is where the location of various parts of speech
within a sentence are switched based on the particular language.
Example : Will the environmental operation is profitable or not,
we will see it soon (Apakah operasi lingkungan ini
menguntungkan atau tidak, akan kita lihat sebentar lagi)

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Modulation
Restructuring a message of source language text in a target
language text in different structure/pattern but the meaning is
not different. This is commonly used when the translation of a
phrase from one language to another is awkward.
Example : a translator may change it is not difficult to learn
mineralogy-petrology to it is easy to learn mineralogypetrology.

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Example : It also assesses whether the environmental
operation is profitable and whether costs are adequately
covered (Di sini juga dinilai apakah operasi lingkungan ini
menguntungkan dan apakah biaya mencukupi)
The different structure/ pattern : There is changing in form.
The word assess is a transitive verb. It means that it needs an
object. Moreover the existence of inflectional bound morpheme
es at the end of the word proves that the word is appropriately
occurring in the sentence pattern in particular active sentence
pattern. It is different from the sentence pattern in target
language. The word formation dinilai indicates that the object of
the sentence is the main focus.

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Equivalence/Reformulation
When translating difficult phrases such as idioms, the translator needs to
understand the meaning behind the idiom (or cliche, or proverb, etc). There
are phrases in some languages that simply cannot be expressed directly in
other languages, which is where equivalence comes into play.
Example : When you want to get into college, dont put all of your eggs in
one basket (Saat kamu ingin mendaftar di PT, biarkan pilihanmu terbuka)
dont put all of your eggs in one basket=keep your option open

OBLIQUE TRANSLATION
Compensation
Compensation is when something simply cannot be translated, so the meaning
is offered somewhere else within the text. Using compensation requires adeep
knowledge of both languagesin question, and shows that the translator
understands more than just a literal translation of the piece.
Example : In geology class we learn that its cultural remains-flakes, pebbles
and bones, stone pillars and tables, sarchopaga, stone coffins, little
houses of workship and even statues- are scattered over the whole of
Indonesia. (Di geologi dasar kita mempelajari bahwa hasil budaya megalithikum
yang terpenting adalah alat serpih, dolmen, menhir, sarchopagus, kubur
batu, punden berundak dan arca.)
TheFirst ASEAN summitwas held in February 1976 inBali ( Konferensi
Tingkat Tinggi pertama ASEAN di adakan pada bulan februari 1976 di Bali)

EXERCISE
1. Mention all the translate technique!
2. Mention 1 example of the translate technique!
3. Translate this!
a. The author has organized this mineralogy-petrology book since
1995.
b. People want to save theenvironmentbut education and
information is not enough. There should be a real action!
c. Any organic material in the naturalenvironmentwill
decompose over time.

ANSWER
1. Direct translation : Borrowing, calque, literal
Oblique translation : Transposition,
compensation,modulation,reformation
3. a. Penulis mengorganisasi buku Mineralogi Petrologi ini
sejak 1995.
b. Orang-orang ingin menyelamatkan lingkungan, tetapi
pendidikan dan informasi tidak cukup. Harus ada tindakan
nyata.
c. Semua unsur organik di alam pasti akan terurai.

REFERENCES

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calque
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untranslatability#Adaptation
https://blog.udemy.com/translation-techniques/
Arifin,Ridwan. The Translation Of Indonesian Cultural Aspects
Into English In Diorama Texts. Jakarta : UNJ Press
Kusuma , Feni Ike. 2007. Techniques For Translating English
Sentences. Yogyakarta : Ahmad Dahlan University Press
Pizzuto,Angelo. Translation Procedures: The technical
Component of the Translation Process.