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Lt Cdr Ong Khye Liat RMN

24 Feb 2010

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 | phase o/p voltage depends upon the turns ratio and
type of connection (ǻ or Y).
 In making the various connections, it is important to
observe transformer polarities. Wrong polarity may
cause short-circuit or unbalance line voltage and
current.

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 | phase transformer can produce a phase shift
between the | phase i/p voltage and | phase o/p
voltage. The amount of phase shift depends again
upon the turn ratio and how the primaries and
secondaries are interconnected.
 Phase shift feature enables to change the number of
phase (2-phase, 6-phase or 12-phase).

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Phase current = line current. Phase current = line current/я3




 
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 Ýelta-delta Connection
 Ýelta-wye Connection
 Wye-delta Connection
 Wye-wye Connection

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 Terminal H2 of each
transformer is connected
to terminal H1 of the next
transformer.
 Similarly to the terminal X2
and X1.

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 The voltages between the
respective incoming and
outgoing transmission lines are
in phase.
 The line currents are ¥| times
greater than the respective
currents Ip and Is flowing in the
primary and secondary windings.
 The power rating of the | phase
transformer bank is | times the
rating of a single transformer.

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 Terminal H2 of each
transformer is connected
to terminal H1 of the next
transformer.
 All terminal X2 are joined
together, creating a
common neutral N.

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 µoltage across each primary
winding is equal to the
incoming line voltage.
 Outgoing line voltage is |
times the secondary voltage
across each transformer.
 The line currents in phase A,B
and C are ¥| times the
currents in the primary
windings.

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 The line currents in phase 1,2
and | are the same as
currents in the secondary
windings.
 This connection produces a
|0o phase shift between the
line voltages of the incoming
and outgoing transmission
lines (E12 is |0o ahead of EAB).

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 µLL on each side transformer is ¥| times the
nominal voltage of the single-phase transformer.
 Special precautions have to be taken to prevent
severe distortion of the µLN.
 There is no phase shift between the incoming and
outgoing transmission line voltages.

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 Without grounding the neutral terminals, the wye-wye
operation is satisfactory only when the | phase load is
balanced. The electrical insulation is stressed only to
about 58% of the line voltage while most transformer
are designed to operate at or above the knee of the
curve, such design causes the induced emfs and
currents to be distorted.

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 To prevent the distortion, we can connect/ground the

neutral of the transformer primary and source.

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 Or provide each transformer with a tertiary winding
which connected in delta.

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 The currents and voltages in a wye-delta connection
are identical to those in the delta-wye connection.
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 Also produces a |0 phase shift between the incoming
and outgoing lines voltages.
 µery suitable for step-down application.

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 The distortion in the waveform of the induced voltage is

not as drastic as wye-wye connection because the
distorted currents in the primary give rise to a
circulating current in the delta connected secondary.

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