Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Principle :
A
mixture
of
various
chromatographic process
component
enters
Different
Basic operation :
1. Feed Injection
A small volume of the sample of a mixture of
components is applied to the column followed by
elution with a chosen mobile phase.
4. Detection
The different components are collected as they emerge
from the column.
A detector examine the emerging stream by measuring
a property which is related to concentration and
characteristic of chemical composition. For example, the
refractive index or ultra-violet absorbance is measured.
Basic
operation :
Classification
Retention volume :
It, VR may be defined as the volume of the mobile phase
required to transport a solute from the point of its injection
into the column and its passage through the column to the
detector.
VR = tR * F
Capacity factor :
It is a measure of the retention of a solute component. It is
defined as the ratio of the total amount of the solute present
in the stationary phase to that in mobile phase.
k` = Cs Vs / Cm Vm
Column chromatography :
The stationary phase is held in a narrow tube through
which the mobile phase is forced either by pressure or by
gravity.
It is further differentiated based
On the mobile phase.
1- mobile phase (gas)
gas liquid chromatography
gas solid chromatography
2- mobile phase(liquid)
Liquid gas chromatography
liquid liquid chromatography
Bonded phase chromatography
Planer chromatography
Paper chromatography
In
Practice of chromatography
stationary phase
It should be water insoluble, physically
rigid to withstand the operation stress,
permeable and microporous , chemically
stable.
It should have minimum non-specific
adsorption characteristics.
The material should be reusable and
preferably be of low cost.
Ex.- ion exchange resins , size exclusion gels ,
reverse phase
Mobile phase
It includes pure solvent, binary and ternary mixtures of
Column
It
Case study
1-Determination of pharmaceuticals in biosolids
using accelerated solvent extraction and liquid
chromatography/ mass spectrometry
The
Discussion
In